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目的:研究踺子转体180°前手翻接直体前空翻类跳马动作,揭示这类跳马的运动学规律和技术特点.方法:对程菲和洪淑贞完成的"踺子转体180°前手翻接直体前空翻转体180"(简称"R180"),以及程菲完成的"踺子转体180°前手翻接直体前空翻转体540°"("程菲跳")进行三维运动学分析,对三组跳马动作身体重心的水平速度和垂直速度、主要关节的位移、关节角度、身体翻转角速度等运动学参数进行对比分析.结果:三组动作踏板时重心水平速度基本相同,踏板及推手阶段关键位置的关节角度相近,但"程菲跳"推离马重心垂直速度和第二腾空时间明显高于"R180",第二腾空转体角速度略大于"R180"的3倍,而翻腾角速度略小.结论:踺子转体180°前手翻接直体前空翻类跳马动作触马前的技术动作基本相同,难度较高的技术动作需要更高的推离马垂直速度和更快的第二腾空转体角速度. 相似文献
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一、前言 女子单跳是蹦床项目的一个单项。我国的女子单跳运动员曾多次在世界大赛上勇夺冠军的佳绩，是我国传统的优势项目，而且一直得到国家的重视，虽然不是奥运会的比赛项目，却是全运会蹦床项目团体赛不可缺少的一部份。随着第九届全运会后大批老运动员的退役，我国女子单跳已经拉大了和世界先进水平的距离。直体后空翻两周连接快速后空翻这一在世界比赛中较为普遍使用的技术，在我国女子单跳中却只有少数人能在比赛中使用，能够掌握该动作技术也就成为衡量技术水平的标志。单跳项目的全套共8个动作，以各种空翻与空翻和空翻与手翻组成。因此，我国女子单跳项目要赶超世界先进水平，学习和掌握直体后空翻两周连接快速后空翻的技术是非常必要的。 相似文献
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赵树耀 《西安体育学院学报》1998,(2)
运用生物力学研究方法,通过高速摄影对体操运动员肖俊峰完成的前手翻接直体前空翻、转体５４０（°）、转体９００（°）高难动作支撑环节变化特征作了运动学对比分析,揭示了支撑环节变化对水平速度的利用和垂直速度的转换特点。分析论证了前手翻屈臂推手技术的运动学特征,提出了在运动训练屈臂推手技术应予以重视。 相似文献
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《体育科技文献通报》2002,(6)
G833.014.62 20022814技巧前手翻连接直体前空翻和直体前空翻转体720°的运动学分析=Kinematics analysis ofhandspring-salto forward stretched as well assalto forward stretched with 2/1 twist inacrobatics[刊,中,A]/董汉英//北京体育大学学报.-2001.-24(3).-419-421表4参5(TY)技巧//前手翻//直体//前空翻//运动学//连接动作//力学分析为了说明前手翻连接技术所产生的水平速度对完成空翻动作的影响和作用,通过运动学分析法,对前手翻技术结构进行了研究。结果认为,正确熟 相似文献
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李小鹏在跳马推手技术中采用了"扒马"推手技术,白云鹏在前手翻直体前空翻转体900°动作中运用了传统的推手技术。针对李小鹏跳马的"扒马"技术和白云鹏的推手技术动作数据进行运动学对比分析,为前手翻类动作的提高难度与创新提供可靠的技术参考。 相似文献
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用D组难度的空翻连接面向助跑方向的空翻动作,目前并不多见。该动作技术要求直体后空翻转体900°的制动角和起跳角必须合理,才能保证有正确的重心腾空抛物线,从而保证后面连接动作的结构合理。连接前空翻的起跳,身体重心要在支撑点垂直面稍后,制动角为84.5度方能获得好的起跳效果。 相似文献
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本文运用高速摄影方法,对我国优秀女子单跳运动员,世界冠军姚志华的直体后空翻两周转180°接团身前空翻的动作技术进行运动学分析.通过与单个高难度空翻动作的技术比较,以及动作连接技术的分析,指出了该动作的技术特征和正确的技术。以期为今后该类动作的训练提供参考。 相似文献
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为了发展高难跟斗串，提高成套动作的价值，本文以运动学分析方法，揭示了王在成套连接技术上的优势是水平速度保持得好，起跳角适度，因而使本套高难动作顺利完成。研究结果证明充分发挥和利用连接动作所产生的水平速度是有利于垂直速度增长的，也是提高空翻质量必备的能力与力学条件。 相似文献
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Currently, all elite high jumpers use the Fosbury Flop technique with a curved approach. This suggests that the curved approach presents some clear advantage, although there is no general agreement upon the mechanism or the mechanics. This study aimed to determine the characteristics of the approach curve and to investigate how it contributes to the generation of somersault rotation. A simple theoretical model was used to demonstrate that a tightening approach curve would change the inward lean towards the centre of the curve into outwards lean. Three-dimensional video analysis was used to record the performances of two elite male high jumpers in competition. It was found that in each case the radius of the approach curve and the inward lean angle both decreased towards the end of the approach. The amount of outward lean angular velocity generated was shown to be a major proportion of the required somersault angular velocity for a jump. It was concluded that the main advantage of a curved approach was that it resulted in the generation of somersault velocity providing the curve tightened towards the end of the approach. 相似文献
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Currently, all elite high jumpers use the Fosbury Flop technique with a curved approach. This suggests that the curved approach presents some clear advantage, although there is no general agreement upon the mechanism or the mechanics. This study aimed to determine the characteristics of the approach curve and to investigate how it contributes to the generation of somersault rotation. A simple theoretical model was used to demonstrate that a tightening approach curve would change the inward lean towards the centre of the curve into outwards lean. Three-dimensional video analysis was used to record the performances of two elite male high jumpers in competition. It was found that in each case the radius of the approach curve and the inward lean angle both decreased towards the end of the approach. The amount of outward lean angular velocity generated was shown to be a major proportion of the required somersault angular velocity for a jump. It was concluded that the main advantage of a curved approach was that it resulted in the generation of somersault velocity providing the curve tightened towards the end of the approach. 相似文献
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周子章 《天津体育学院学报》1995,10(3):59-62
根据人体完成空翻动作的姿势、翻转周数、转体度数、翻转方向确定了空翻和空翻转体动作的种类及其发展变化规律，初步形成了空翻和空翻转体动作较系统的理论，为教学、训练补充了空翻和空翻转体动作方面的理论内容，并为运动员选择、开发空翻和空翻转体动作提供了依据。 相似文献
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The optimum pre-flight characteristics of the Hecht and handspring somersault vaults were determined using a two-segment simulation model. The model consisted of an arm segment and a body segment connected by a frictionless pin joint, simulating the vault from the Reuther board take-off through to landing. During horse contact, shoulder torque was set to zero in the model. Five independent pre-flight variables were varied over realistic ranges and an objective function was maximized to find the optimum pre-flight for each vault. The Hecht vault required a low trajectory of the mass centre during pre-flight, with a low vertical velocity of the mass centre and a low angular velocity of the body at horse contact. In contrast, the optimum handspring somersault required a high pre-flight trajectory, with a high angular velocity of the body and a high vertical velocity at horse contact. Despite the simplicity of the model, the optimum pre-flights were similar to those used in competitive performances. 相似文献
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Cherie Walker Peter Sinclair Kenneth Graham Stephen Cobley 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2017,16(4):485-500
Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs) may offer an ecologically valid, reliable, and practical method for biomechanical performance analysis. With such potential in mind, Part 1 of this study examined the accuracy of IMUs gyroscopes with an optical system (Cortex 3.3). A calibration formula standardised the IMUs angular velocity output with the optical system. The percentage differences between the two measures = 0.5% (p < 0.05), suggest IMU’s efficacy for application. In Part 2, the aim was to examine and understand how dive flight angular velocity time series plots change and increase according to dive degree of difficulty. With IMUs attached to three competitive divers performing forward somersault dives, dive flight kinematics were assessed. Biomechanically, a 4½ tuck somersault dive differed to lower degree of difficulty dives in terms of: (1) a rotational delay immediately after takeoff (to gain greater vertical translation); (2) increased total time of flight; (3) greater muscle effort to resist increased centrifugal forces produced by the increased angular velocity (1,090 °/s); and (4) greater eccentric control during deceleration allow a safe and vertical entry into the water. IMUs can be effectively utilised and integrated into contexts such as springboard diving for performance analysis and optimisation purposes. 相似文献
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Cherie Walker John Warmenhoven Peter J. Sinclair 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2019,18(2):146-162
Based on technological and analytical advances, the capability to more accurately and finitely examine biomechanical and skill characteristics of movement has improved. The purpose of this study was to use Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs) and Functional Principal Components Analysis (fPCA) to examine the role of movement variability (assessed via angular velocity), on 2 divers (1 international level; 1 national) performing the forward 3½ pike somersault dive. Analysis of angular velocity curves during ive-flight identified 5 fPCs, accounting for 96.5% of movement variability. The national diver’s scatter plots and standard deviation of fPC scores illustrated larger magnitudes of angular velocity variability across dive flight. For fPC1 and fPC3, magnitudes of SD variability were 282.6 and 201.5, respectively. The international diver illustrated more consistent angular velocity profiles, with clustering of fPCs scores (e.g., fPC1 & 3 = SD’s of 75.2 & 68.0). To account for lower variability in the international diver, the ability to better coordinate movement sequences and functionally utilise feedback in response to initiation of the somersault position is highlighted. Overall, findings highlight how both IMUs and fPCA can more holistically and finitely examine the biomechanical and skill characteristics of movement sequences with the capability to inform athlete development. 相似文献
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王健 《天津体育学院学报》1997,12(2):92-95
采用高速摄影和影片解析的方法，从运动学角度对赵卫华完成该动作各阶段技术进行分析。结果表明，主要矛盾是起跳阶段身体重心垂直速度偏低，空中阶段翻转角速度过慢则为次要矛盾。建议今后训练重点应围绕挖掘运动员潜力，提高腾空高度即最大限度地增大蹬离瞬时的垂直速度进行按排。 相似文献
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第28届奥运会男子自由体操成套动作编排特点与趋势 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
通过录像统计和文献资料法,对第28届奥运会男子自由体操比赛前8名运动员的起评分、比赛成绩、成套动作难度和编排及完成情况进行了统计,分析了世界优秀男子自由体操运动员成套动作的编排特点和发展趋势。结果表明:在空翻动作的使用上,主要以D组的单空翻动作和E D3个空翻动作连接来获得加分;成套动作的类型编排呈现出多样化,中间串主要采用不同类型的单串多个空翻动作连接;成套动作的难度和完成质量趋于提高。 相似文献