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表面活性剂对复合电沉积法制备纳米碳管复合镀层的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
采用复合电沉积法制备纳米碳管复合镀层,在控制实验基本工艺参数不变的条件下,通过加入不同的表面活性剂进行电镀,测量纳米碳管的质量占所得镀层总质量的百分比。经过分析后可以得到:阳离子表面活性剂更有利于制备纳米碳管复合镀层的电沉积;而阴离子表面活性剂以及非离子表面活性剂则不利于制备纳米碳管复合镀层的电沉积。 相似文献
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This paper studies the adsorption of diethyl phthalate (DEP,an environmental hormone) on the surface of nanoscale TiO_2, effects of pH value of solutions, initial concentrations of DEP and additive surfactant on photocatalytic degradation and dynamics of DEP. Under ultra violet illumination, the interaction between DEP and surfactants including DBS (sodium dodecylbenzenesulfon-ate), CTAB (cetyltrimethylammonium bromide), and OP-10 (nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether) was exploited from the perspective of degradation speed calculated by the data of high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) and UV-Vis spectra, respectively. Photocatalytic degradation of DEP followed pseudo first-order reaction kinetics. DEP as substrate degraded fast when its initial concentration was 130 mg/L. TiO_2 had certain adsorption ability of DEP. TiO_2 could adsorb the most DEP at the approximately neutral pH of 6.91. Degradation of DEP was not affected obviously by additives OP-10 and DBS. Degradation rate of DEP was not enhanced greatly in the presence of surfactants, but degradation of DBS was sped up. Degradation rate of DEP was depressed in the presence of additive CTAB. The more CTAB was added, the less DEP was degraded. Degradation rate of CTAB became slow with the increase of initial CTAB concentration. The possible adsorption models among TiO_2, DEP and surfactants were given. 相似文献
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为了将纳米颗粒的强化传热吸收作用应用于氨水吸收制冷中,提出了在氨水溶液中添加铁酸锌纳米颗粒和复配阴/阳离子表面活性剂SDBS和CTAB的纳米流体的配制方法,并对其稳定性进行了实验研究.研究了阴阳离子活性剂质量分数、复配比例及超声分散和光照对稳定性的影响,确定了铁酸锌-氨水纳米流体分散的最佳工艺为：SDBS质量分数为1.5%,CTAB质量分数为0.015%,超声时间为30min,光照时间72h以上.最后根据双电层原理分析了活性剂质量分数对悬浮液稳定性的影响,表明存在最佳活性剂质量分数,并与实验结果相符. 相似文献
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Removal of chromium (Ⅵ) dissolved in water by intermittent foam separation was implemented with cetyl trimethy-ammonium bromide as surfactant. The influence of various factors on removal efficiency was systematically studied. The removal efficiency has a maximum value near pH 4.0; thus, most experiments were carried out at pH 4.0. The orthogonal experiment was conducted to confirm the optimal operating parameters. The orthogonal experimental results show that when the liquid feed concentration is 10 mg/L, the pH value of feed solution is 4.00, air flow rates 0.9 L/min, surfactant dosage is 300 mg/L, the maximum removal efficiency of chromium (Ⅵ) reaches 97.80%, and condense multiple reaches 1711. The kinetic test indicates that the foam separation of chromium is a first-order process. The equivalent rate constant calculated from the slope is 0.406 4, and the equivalent rate equation is obtained. 相似文献
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Removal of chromium (VI) dissolved in water by intermittent foam separation was implemented with cetyl trimethy-ammonium bromide
as surfactant. The influence of various factors on removal efficiency was systematically studied. The removal efficiency has
a maximum value near pH 4.0; thus, most experiments were carried out at pH 4.0. The orthogonal experiment was conducted to
confirm the optimal operating parameters. The orthogonal experimental results show that when the liquid feed concentration
is 10 mg/L, the pH value of feed solution is 4.00, air flow rates 0.9 L/min, surfactant dosage is 300 mg/L, the maximum removal
efficiency of chromium (VI) reaches 97.80%, and condense multiple reaches 1 711. The kinetic test indicates that the foam
separation of chromium is a first-order process. The equivalent rate constant calculated from the slope is 0.406 4, and the
equivalent rate equation is obtained. 相似文献
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表面活性剂在固——液界面上吸附过程的疏水效应研究 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
用表面张力法测定了烷基三甲溴化胺在活性炭表面的吸附数据。讨论了疏水效应在阳离子表面活性剂从水溶液中吸附到活性炭表面这一过程中所起的作用。结果表明：室温下表面活性剂的烃链尾巴自水中移出时总伴随着大的熵增和接近于零的焓变,吉布斯自由能变化也为一负值,由处理结果得到了分别来自水分子建构和开辟空穴贡献的热力学函数变化。 相似文献
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林燕 《福建工程学院学报》2017,(1):9-14
采用氨水浸渍法对果壳活性炭进行改性处理,讨论不同氨水浓度（5%、10%、15%、20%）对果壳活性炭结构及性能的影响。采用场发射扫描电镜、比表面及孔径分析仪及紫外分光光度计对改性后的果壳活性炭结构及吸附性能进行研究。结果表明:氨水浓度对果壳活性炭的结构及吸附性能有显著影响,当氨水浓度为10%时,活性炭表面形态清晰,凹槽分布均匀,比表面积提高至775.1382m2/g,较改性前提高了6.5%;改性前后活性炭微孔孔径集中分布在3.5 nm;果壳活性炭的吸附率随氨水浓度的变化而变化,当氨水浓度为10%和15%时,吸附率分别达到86.51%和86.54%,吸附率相比改性前有所提高。而当氨水浓度进一步增加时,活性炭对苯酚的吸附率略微下降。 相似文献
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以仲钼酸铵和硝酸为原料,采用液相化学法制备超细MoO3.研究了表面活性剂类型及浓度对产物形貌的影响.结果表明,阴离子型表面活性剂的分散性能优于阳离子和非离子表面活性剂.在添加浓度为1.8mmol/L十二烷基苯磺酸钠(DBS)时,能够制备出分散性较好、粒径为100nm左右的球形超细MoO3粉末. 相似文献
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不同类型表面活性剂与蛋白质作用研究进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
表面活性剂和蛋白质作用的方式与表面活性剂的种类、结构、浓度和其理化性质有关。本文系统地总结了多种类型表面活性剂(阴离子型、阳离子型、两性离子型、非离子型、氟表面活性剂及Gemini表面活性剂)的结构特点,以蛋白质-表面活性剂相互作用的物理化学特征为出发点,综述了该体系相互作用的最新研究成果及进展,包括二者作用时所形成的复合物的结构理论,复合物的吸附机理及其作用过程中蛋白质结构的变化;结合本课题组的工作总结分析了蛋白质分别与各类表面活性剂相互作用过程中作用力特征、相行为、作用机理及应用。 相似文献
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Interaction of nonionic surfactant AEO9 with ionic surfactants 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
INTRODUCTION Long chain nonionic surfactants such as poly-oxyethylenated alcohols C12H25O(CH2CH2O)9H (AEO9), are widely used in the chemical industry in fabric detergency and tertiary oil recovery due to their excellent surface-active properties. In many practical applications, surfactants are used in formulations containing mixtures of different compounds, and synergism can often be observed. Synergism is de-fined here as the condition in which the properties of a mixture are better… 相似文献
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B. S. Sekhon 《Resonance》2004,9(3):42-49
A gemini surfactant (GS) consists of two conventional surfactant molecules chemically bonded together by a spacer. The two
terminal hydrocarbon tails can be short or long; the two polar head groups can be cationic, anionic or nonionic; the spacer
can be short or long, flexible or rigid. The GS need not be symmetrically disposed about the center of the spacer. GS can
self-assemble at much lower concentrations and are superior in surface activity as compared to conventional surfactants. GS
are very attractive for catalysis and adsorption applications, new synthetic vectors for gene transfection, analytical separations,
solubilization processes, nanoscale technology, biotechnology, enhanced oil recovery and as paint additives. 相似文献
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Transactions of Tianjin University - In this study, we investigated the synergistic effect of a zwitterionic surfactant (cocamidopropyl betaine) and amino acid surfactant (sodium lauroyl... 相似文献
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合成了3种季铵盐型阳离子表面活性荆(C16H33)2N(CH3)2Br(双十六烷基二甲基溴化铵),C16H33,NC33H45(CH3)2Br(二十二烷基十六烷基二甲基溴化铵),C16H33NC12H25(CH3)2Br(十六烷基十二烷基二甲基溴化铵),并考察了其对水/有机两相体系中苯甲醛与苯乙酮Aldol缩合反应性能的影响.结果显示,含有两条疏水长链的阳离子表面活性剂对水/有机两相体系中苯甲醛与苯乙酮Aldol缩合反应具有明显的加速作用,其催化活性明显高于其它类型的表面活性剂;结果还显示,阳离子表面活性剂分子中疏水碳链的数目增加、疏水碳链的增长均有利于Aldol缩合反应. 相似文献
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Qi WANG Xiaoxia SHEN Tian QIU Wei WU Lin LI Zhi'an WANG Huixia SHOU 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2021,22(2):99
Nucleic acids in plant tissue lysates can be captured quickly by a cellulose filter paper and prepared for amplification after a quick purification.In this study,a published filter paper strip method was modified by sticking the filter paper on a polyvinyl chloride resin(PVC)sheet.This modified method is named EZ-D,for EASY DNA extraction.Compared with the original cetyl trimethylammonium bromide(CTAB)method,DNA extracted by EZ-D is more efficient in polymerase chain reaction(PCR)amplification due to the more stable performance of the EZ-D stick.The EZ-D method is also faster,easier,and cheaper.PCR analyses showed that DNA extracted from several types of plant tissues by EZ-D was appropriate for specific identification of biological samples.A regular PCR reaction can detect the EZ-D-extracted DNA template at concentration as low as 0.1 ng/μL.Evaluation of the EZ-D showed that DNA extracts could be successfully amplified by PCR reaction for DNA fragments up to 3000 bp in length and up to 80%in GC content.EZ-D was successfully used for DNA extraction from a variety of plant species and plant tissues.Moreover,when EZ-D was combined with the loop-mediated isothermal amplification(LAMP)method,DNA identification of biological samples could be achieved without the need for specialized equipment.As an optimized DNA purification method,EZ-D shows great advantages in application and can be used widely in laboratories where equipment is limited and rapid results are required. 相似文献
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用典型的几种表面活性剂,十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)、曲拉通X-100、溴化十六烷基三甲铵(CTMAB)与β-环状糊精作为介质,在pH=1的酸碱条件下,研究了β-萘酚在上述体系的荧光增敏/猝灭作用。对β-萘酚的增敏效果顺序依次为:曲拉通X-100>β-CD>CTMAB>SDS>水。上述有序介质对β-萘酚分析特性的影响是不仅线性范围变宽,灵敏度亦有所提高,为实际样品测定提供了一种有效途径。在临界胶束浓度(CMC)附近,猝灭常数由大到小排序为:CTMAB>曲拉通X-100>SDS,β-CD对亚硝酸钠的猝灭作用有较好的保护作用。 相似文献
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三次采油用表面活性剂的合成和应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
三次采油(EOR)成为一种在一、二次采油之后有效提高采油率的重要技术，而表面活性剂在三次采油中的重要性越来越明显，其中表面活性剂驱和三元复合驱(ASP，即碱—表面活性剂—聚合物复合驱)则是具有发展潜力的三次采油技术。本主要介绍和概述了三次采油用表面活性剂的制备、性能、应用特点及其发展前景。 相似文献
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Rechargeablealkalinenickelbatteries (e.g.,Ni/Cd ,Ni/Fe,Ni/Zn,Ni/H2 andNi/MH)areusuallypos itivelimited ,sothatthecapacityandcyclelifeofthecellsaredeterminedmainlybytheperformancesofnickelelectrodes.Withtheirhighenergydensityandlowcostrelativetothatofconventionalsinterednickelelectrodes,pastednickelelectrodeshavenowbeenwidelyusedincommerciallyavailableNi/MHbatteries[1 ,2 ] .Asthedis charged stateactivematerialofthepastednickelelec trodes,thepropertyofsphericalnickelhydroxideisthekeytodeter… 相似文献