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1.
工匠精神的培育是职业教育的重要任务。培育工匠精神需要实施学徒式的教学,学徒课堂的价值指向包括工匠精神,二者紧密联系。学徒课堂培育工匠精神的理念有情境学习、自我效能、合作学习。学徒课堂上,工作化的教学任务为培育工匠精神构建认知基础,师徒化的师生关系为培育工匠精神催化职业情感,职场化的教学情境为培育工匠精神提供践行平台。师傅示范、学生演示、文艺欣赏、档案式学习、环境影响是学徒课堂培育工匠精神的主要策略。 相似文献
2.
The paper investigates the relationship between assessment and learning through an empirical study of apprenticeship training. The paper suggests that well‐established modes of learning, which facilitate meaningful assessment in apprenticeship training, present an “antidote” to a traditional emphasis on assessment as selection and control. In contrast to rejection of apprenticeship modes of assessment as being inappropriate and obsolete at the present time, the paper suggests that the concept of apprenticeship assessment can be seen as a highly attractive and effective alternative to current assessment practices in both schools and workplaces. Taking a situated and relational perspective on knowledge and learning, we argue that assessment practices should focus on contextually‐anchored reviews of the core competencies of the person. This contextual assessment contrasts with an emphasis on assessment as essentially controlling and selecting students for further education and, on the other hand, with assessment as a process of self‐monitoring and self‐reflection. 相似文献
3.
H. F. M. De Bruijn 《Instructional Science》1995,23(4):221-241
When cognitive apprenticeship principles are compared with adult learning theories and in particular with learning theories concerning functionally illiterate adults, they have several aspects in common. In order to check these resemblances in practice and to explore at the same time the way in which the cognitive apprenticeship methods can be operationalized in a computer aided learning environment for adult basic education students, a computer program was designed in the domain of arithmetic.This article describes an experiment with this computer program in which the use of the operationalized cognitive apprenticeship methods was studied together with the effects of modelling and coaching on student performance.The results concerning the implementation of modelling and coaching showed that adult basic education students make little use of optional materials in the computer program. As a consequence of this no conclusions can be drawn concerning the effects of modelling and coaching on student performance. 相似文献
4.
Anna Mazenod 《Journal of Vocational Education & Training》2016,68(1):102-117
This paper examines the expansive–restrictive continuum of apprenticeship learning in the context of different education and training systems. It compares the English state-funded apprenticeship programme for young people with the Finnish and the French programmes with a specific focus on access to learning through the programmes. These three countries represent three types of Western and Northern European education and training systems. The paper argues that there are country-specific meanings of apprenticeship that influence how access to learning along the expansive–restrictive continuum is typically characterised. These country-specific meanings of apprenticeship arise from their context in differing education and training systems. The paper concludes that the English conceptualisation of apprenticeship as training lends itself to more restrictive approaches to apprenticeship than the Finnish and the French programmes in terms of access to learning. 相似文献
5.
6.
Leon R. de Bruin 《Teaching in Higher Education》2018,23(1):84-103
Effective teacher-student learning relationships can propel students to advanced ways of knowing and acting. In much arts based higher education learning, dynamic and fluid interplay of cognitive, meta-cognitive and aspirational aims and goals are prevalent and passed to students in a learning relationship that can be described as a cognitive apprenticeship. Interpretative phenomenological analysis is used to explore four conservatoire teachers and their musical improvisation students. Investigating in the lesson experiences reveal pedagogical applications of modeling, scaffolding, coaching, reflection and developing mastery and expertise in students. A cognitive apprenticeship model can provide a framework for teachers to understand how to develop increased student control, ownership of learning, and contextually situated instructional strategies that brings cognitive and creative thinking, action and reflection to the forefront of learning and teaching. The study reveals how educators can develop trajectories of learning and problem-solving concepts that draw students into a culture of expert practice. 相似文献
7.
Bernadet de Jager Margo Jansen Gerry Reezigt 《School Effectiveness & School Improvement》2013,24(2):179-196
Constructivist ideas have influenced recent major innovations in Dutch secondary education and new curricula for reading and math in primary education, for example, pay much more attention to metacognition than before. In our study, we compared the growth of student metacognition in varying learning environments, direct instruction, and cognitive apprenticeship in primary school. The study also included a control group of teachers. In order to measure metacognition we developed a questionnaire, with separate parts for metacognitive skills and metacognitive knowledge. In the item selection procedure we made use of item response modeling. It was found that in the direct instruction and the cognitive apprenticeship group the pupils had higher scores on metacognitive skills and metacognitive knowledge compared to the control group pupils. No clear differences were found between direct instruction and cognitive apprenticeship. Interactions of learning environment and student intelligence were non-significant for both output measures. 相似文献
8.
Remote learning solutions should account for important yet neglected aspects of contemporary learning environments, such as
the activities that occur during mentor relationships, or the affect of community on cognition. It may be possible to partially
replace the learning and motivation ordinarily provided by mentors and community through the marriage of a constructivist
cognitive teaching model and contemporary delivery platforms, such as cognitive apprenticeship and multimedia. This approach
is used in Convection Initiation, a multimedia training course designed to help weather forecasters interpret Doppler radar.
The course is discussed in this paper to illustrate how cognitive apprenticeship can be used as a framework for designs that
address the needs of a distributed learning environment. 相似文献
9.
Over the last years there has been a growing use of 3D virtual environments for educational purposes. Many studies advocate the integration of these environments in the daily teaching practice of various subjects. This requires innovative design in order create the appropriate affective/ pedagogical conditions as well as the development and use of well-structured activities in order to achieve effective collaborative learning. This paper presents an exploratory study in which collaborative learning strategies and cognitive apprenticeship models act as the pedagogical framework to facilitate learning and collaboration. The context is the teaching of mathematics in primary education via a 3D virtual environment. Specifically, we focus on evaluating students’ engagement (behavioral, affective and cognitive) in the collaborative learning process as they learn fractional concepts in a meaningful way. The findings show that a 3D virtual environment can support collaborative learning in primary school through its ability to enhance students’ engagement (behavioral, affective and cognitive) in the collaborative learning process. 相似文献
10.
Despite issues of fragmentation, isolation, and disconnection from the university associated with the student teaching field experience, the field experience plays a critical role in teacher education. In this article, the authors provide an overview of eSupervision, a technology-based innovation to improve the student teaching field experience by using cognitive apprenticeship as a framework for its design. They present findings from a pilot study that focused on the effectiveness of the cognitive apprenticeship and technology design elements. Using qualitative methods to analyze interviews of the participants, they found eSupervision functioned to support a cognitive apprenticeship through modeling, scaffolding learning, coaching, and providing opportunities for articulation and reflection within a community of learners. The authors conclude with suggestions for implementation and further research. 相似文献
11.
Sandra Beth Schneider 《Educational Studies A Journal of the American Educational Studies Association》2015,51(4):284-299
This article presents an autoethnographic and theoretical reflection on my justifications for the use of neoliberal deconstruction in the undergraduate social foundations classroom. I engage the reader in a discussion concerning the need to make neoliberal agendas, as they pertain to corporate reform in education, salient to students. Further, I argue that cognitive apprenticeship is necessary to “help students map their own dialectics into thinking about their future practice as educators.” I share the integral elements of the cognitive apprenticeship undertaken in the course: “three prongs of foundational thinking,” four key conceptual frames for neoliberal deconstruction and associated foundational readings, and two representative assignments to illustrate the type of scaffolding offered to help education students move past naïve and complacent interpretations of current corporate reforms. My reflections rely on my teaching experience, in-class observations, assessment of students' work, and overarching themes in how students' have responded to the topic. 相似文献
12.
Apprenticeships are required for many trades and can take different forms. In Sweden, one form can be viewed as a pathway where students complete a three-year-long vocational education in upper secondary school followed by a post-secondary apprenticeship in a particular trade. Another takes the form of vocational training within the framework of upper secondary school through an apprenticeship. This study analyses how a more clearly defined apprenticeship curriculum can provide sufficient knowledge to identify and understand learning outcomes in apprenticeships. A theoretical framework of an apprenticeship curriculum is used in the analytical work. The findings show that educational goals are often overlooked during apprenticeships, and thus a deliberative education is overridden by deliberative learning that stems from and is closely connected to the individual’s own perception of what to learn. By constituting an apprenticeship curriculum, this article contributes to an enhanced understanding of how to analyse vocational learning, and thus adds important elements to the research field. 相似文献
13.
非遗物质文化遗产面临着断代失传、工艺创新瓶颈等传承危机。职业教育作为传承非遗文化的有效途径和创新方式,在传承观念、传承主体、传承机制等方面面临诸多挑战。传统学徒制中蕴涵着丰富的教育意蕴,如注重默会学习、充满人文关怀、学艺必精等。为此,梳理了传统学徒制的内涵与特点,提出从师生关系、课程开发、教学模式、评价体系等发掘其对于职业院校传承非遗文化独特的养分与滋养。 相似文献
14.
Eugenia Etkina Anna Karelina Maria Ruibal-Villasenor David Rosengrant Rebecca Jordan Cindy E. Hmelo-Silver 《学习科学杂志》2013,22(1):54-98
Design activities, when embedded in an inquiry cycle and appropriately scaffolded and supplemented with reflection, can promote the development of the habits of mind (scientific abilities) that are an important part of scientific practice. Through the Investigative Science Learning Environment (ISLE), students construct physics knowledge by engaging in inquiry cycles that replicate the approach used by physicists to construct knowledge. A significant portion of student learning occurs in ISLE instructional labs where students design their own experiments. The labs provide an environment for cognitive apprenticeship enhanced by formative assessment. As a result, students develop interpretive knowing that helps them approach new problems as scientists. This article describes a classroom study in which the students in the ISLE design lab performed equally well on traditional exams as ISLE students who did not engage in design activities. However, the design group significantly outperformed the non-design group while working on novel experimental tasks (in physics and biology), demonstrating the application of scientific abilities to an inquiry task in a novel content domain. This research shows that a learning environment that integrates cognitive apprenticeship and formative assessment in a series of conceptual design tasks provides a rich context for helping students build scientific habits of mind. 相似文献
15.
现代学徒制是将现代学校教育与传统学徒培训相结合的合作教育制度,是现代职业教育制度的重要组成部分。本文从现代学徒制的理论价值、实践意义进行分析。通过研究与构建,构建现代学徒制背景下心理健康教育课程教育体系,针对"心理健康教育"课程改革教学,使其促进学生的个性发展、自主发展、全面发展。以本校移动应用开发专业"心理健康教育"课程改革为对象,完善新课程体系、创新课程教育方法、建立课程教学资源、制定教学实施计划、重新建立新的考核评价体系、积极探索总结和提升等几个方面融入现代学制制背景下"六双育人"模式,让学生尽早进入企业进行实践学习。 相似文献
16.
张砚清 《湖南师范大学教育科学学报》2011,10(1):45-47
现代学徒制是传统学徒制的一种自我革新和发展,它既保持了传统学徒制重视职业技能训练的优点,又突出了学校知识教育。国际上许多国家都在积极发展现代学徒制,并在降低失业率和提高经济成就方面取得了良好效果。英国是现代学徒制实施较早、较有代表性的国家。广东职业教育改革中学习英国的现代学徒制,可有效解决教学与实践脱离的问题;发展农村现代学徒制,可以促进广东教育公平。现代学徒制的借鉴将为广东经济进一步发展提供合理的人力资源。 相似文献
17.
在云南省大理州白族银器锻制技艺的传统民间学徒制中,教育者是师傅,受教育者是学徒;师徒之间存在紧密的血缘和熟人关系;10~20岁是充当学徒的主要年龄段;成为学徒是本人意愿的选择结果;学徒的文化程度为基础教育中段;学习地点以藏区和云南为主;教育内容主要为银器锻制技艺的制作工艺;教育活动方式主要表现为真实银器制作中的"做中学"。对中国民间传统学徒制的研究可以丰富现代学徒制的理论研究,推动现代学徒制的改革与实践,拓展我国边疆民族地区的家庭教育、社会教育和职业教育,加快我国非物质文化遗产传承人的培养。 相似文献
18.
英国学徒制度的新形式 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
学徒制度是英国古老的职业教育制度,经过了历史发展的巨大变迁,从形式到内容都打上了许多现代印迹。它既继承了传统学徒制“做中学”的特点,又融入了现代学校教育的新形式。英国古老的学徒制度在今天又以其独特的魅力吸引着众多的学子,焕发了新的生机。 相似文献
19.
英国现代学徒制和我国工学结合是当今世界现代学徒制度的两种不同实践模式,两者同属于政府为推进职业教育发展而实施的国家政策。从政策分析的视角考察,尽管二者的政策目的相同,但是英国现代学徒制比我国工学结合更贴近行业企业,且具备更明确的政策实施要求和更广泛的政策适用范围,其实施效果更加明晰可测。在借鉴他国经验以及结合本国国情基础之上,国家应采取以下措施以促进我国工学结合发展:对工学结合进行明确定位;为利益相关方提供合作路径;完善国家职业资格相关制度;建立过程监督体系等。 相似文献
20.
Carsten Schulte Johannes Magenheim Jörg Niere Wilhelm Schäfer 《Computer Science Education》2013,23(4):269-288
Although many professionals in education believe that an ‘objects first’ approach is the best method of introducing object-oriented technology, there is no common agreement on how to start such courses. Current study programs often begin by teaching a chosen object-oriented programing language, where students are confronted by a large amount of syntactical detail. Instead of focusing on the basics of object-oriented technology, namely objects and their collaborations, difficulties in handling the details of the programing language lead to a very scattered knowledge of object-oriented concepts. This is dangerous, as learners are left with a set of unconnected knowledge fragments. Approaches which embed different knowledge fragments in an overall knowledge view are known as “cognitive apprenticeship” approaches. The main idea of cognitive apprenticeship is continuous practice. We present a learning environment for introducing object-oriented technology in upper secondary schools based on cognitive apprenticeship. We use a visual programing language to away from the details and provide tool support to aid practice. We present the learning sequencewhich is used and show the impacts it makes on the course structure in our experiment in the chosen object-oriented programming language The Joint Task Force on Computing Curricula IEEE Computer Society. 相似文献