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1.
Shyness-Sensitivity and Social, School, and Psychological Adjustment in Rural Migrant and Urban Children in China 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The purpose of this study was to examine relations between shyness-sensitivity and social competence, school performance, and psychological well-being in Chinese children with rural and urban backgrounds. Participants were students in rural migrant children schools and city schools in China ( N s = 411 and 518, respectively; M age = 10 years). Data were obtained from peer evaluations, teacher ratings, self-reports, and school records. It was found that shyness was associated with social and school problems and depression in urban children. However, shyness was generally associated with indexes of adjustment such as leadership, teacher-rated competence, and academic achievement in rural migrant children. The results indicate the role of context in defining the functional meaning of social behavior in children's adjustment. 相似文献
2.
Social functioning and adjustment in Chinese children: the imprint of historical time 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
This study examined, in 3 cohorts (1990, 1998, and 2002) of elementary school children (M age=10 years), relations between social functioning and adjustment in different phases of the societal transition in China. Data were obtained from multiple sources. The results indicate that sociability-cooperation was associated with peer acceptance and teacher-rated competence, whereas aggression was associated with social and school difficulties in all 3 cohorts. The effect of different social contexts was reflected mainly in the relations between shyness-sensitivity and adjustment. Whereas shyness was associated with social and academic achievement in the 1990 cohort, the associations became weaker or nonsignificant in the 1998 cohort. Furthermore, shyness was associated with peer rejection, school problems, and depression in the 2002 cohort. 相似文献
3.
通过对北京市 4 6 9名中小学生的两年跟踪调查测试发现 ,儿童社会性 -合作性行为不仅与良好的学校适应有关而且对后来的学校适应也有很好的预测作用 ;攻击性 -破坏性行为更多与不良学校适应相联系 ;而害羞 -敏感性行为并不必然与不良的学校适应相关 ,研究也发现它有时与朋友提名有正相关。研究的结论与西方学者研究结论不尽相同 相似文献
4.
Shyness‐Sensitivity and Social,School, and Psychological Adjustment in Urban Chinese Children: A Four‐Wave Longitudinal Study 
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下载免费PDF全文 This study examined reciprocal contributions between shyness‐sensitivity and social, school, and psychological adjustment in urban Chinese children. Longitudinal data were collected once a year from Grade 3 to Grade 6 (ages 9–12 years) for 1,171 children from multiple sources. Shyness‐sensitivity positively contributed to social, school, and psychological difficulties over time, with the most consistent effects on peer preference and loneliness. Social and school adjustment negatively contributed to the development of shyness‐sensitivity. The initial levels of shyness‐sensitivity and social and school adjustment moderated the growth of each other, mainly as a resource‐potentiating factor. The results indicate the significance of shyness‐sensitivity for adjustment and the role of adjustment in the development of shyness‐sensitivity in today's urban Chinese society. 相似文献
5.
在青少年的不良性格研究中,有关青少年性格孤僻的研究并不多。然而,随着社会的迅速发展,各种不良环境、生活压力等都在冲击着年轻的一代,使得青少年产生这样或那样的心理问题。其中,青少年性格孤僻者与日俱增,成了我们不可忽视的一个社会现象。分析青少年性格孤僻的危害及其形成原因,探讨预防、矫正青少年性格孤僻的应对策略,是教育工作者义不容辞的职责。 相似文献
6.
余益兵 《集美大学学报(教育科学版》2013,(4):25-29
尝试探讨留守儿童积极适应、消极适应的特点及其与心理弹性的关系.采用社会适应问卷和心理弹性量表对232名农村留守初中生积极适应、消极适应和心理弹性进行测查.结果显示：留守初中生的积极适应和消极适应各指标得分均呈偏态分布;不同适应类型留守儿童的心理弹性得分存在显著差异,高危型学生弹性水平最低,适应型学生弹性水平最高;心理弹性对积极适应和消极适应具有显著预测作用,累积解释力分别达到61％和37％.其中,目标专注对积极适应的预测力最大,情绪控制对消极适应的预测作用最大;积极认知有助于提升积极适应功能,家庭支持则有助于减少消极适应症状.结果表明：心理弹性对留守儿童适应的预测作用具有领域特异性. 相似文献
7.
School Belonging,Ethnic Identity,and Psychological Adjustment Among Ethnic Minority College Students
This study considers how the psychological adjustment of ethnic minority college students may be linked to a sense of school belonging and ethnic identity, two constructs related to individuals feeling like they belong to a larger group. Using self-reports from 311 undergraduates from ethnic minority backgrounds, school belonging was found to be negatively associated with depressive symptoms, and positively associated with perceived self-worth, scholastic competence, and social acceptance, while ethnic identity was only found to be positively associated with self-worth. Furthermore, the interaction between ethnic identity and school belonging was significantly associated with self-worth, suggesting that in the absence of a sense of belonging at school, stronger ethnic identity was linked to higher self-worth. College students reported the lowest levels of self-worth when they were neither connected to their college nor connected to their ethnic group. 相似文献
8.
城市普通中学初中学困生表现出来的心理障碍类型有：自卑心理、厌学心理、依赖心理、畏惧心理、孤僻心理和无所谓心理。解决这些障碍需要学校、教师、家庭和社会的共同努力。 相似文献
9.
A Prospective Study of Life Stress, Social Support, and Adaptation in Early Adolescence 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
David L. DuBois Robert D. Felner Stephen Brand Angela M. Adan Elizabeth G. Evans 《Child development》1992,63(3):542-557
This study employed a 2-year longitudinal design to examine the relation of stressful life events and social supports to psychological distress and school performance among 166 early adolescents (mean age = 13.5 years). A prospective approach was utilized to control for initial levels of adjustment when examining the relation of Time 1 stress and support variables to Time 2 psychological distress and school performance. Both stress and support variables made significant contributions to the prediction of subsequent psychological distress. Stresses, but not supports, made a significant contribution to the prediction of subsequent school performance. Evidence for reciprocal and interactive linkages was also found, including effects of psychological distress and school performance on subsequent stresses and supports, and greater adaptive impact of school-based supportive resources under conditions of heightened risk outside of school. Implications for ecological and transactional models of development relating to the targeting and efficacy of preventive efforts are discussed. 相似文献
10.
2011年我国甘肃庆阳、江苏徐州先后发生重大校车交通事故,造成多名学生伤亡,引起社会广泛关注。校车之痛实质是中小学布局调整,是近十几年来中小学大规模撤并过程中,学生上学璐途远而产生的社会问题。本文分析了我国历次较大规模中小学布局调整的历程及背景．并在此基础上提出了我国中小学布局的标准。 相似文献
11.
2011年我国甘肃庆阳、江苏徐州先后发生重大校车交通事故,造成多名学生伤亡,引起社会广泛关注。校车之痛实质是中小学布局调整,是近十几年来中小学大规模撤并过程中,学生上学路途远而产生的社会问题。本文分析了我国历次较大规模中小学布局调整的历程及背景,并在此基础上提出了我国中小学布局的标准。 相似文献
12.
采用聚类分析方法,对234名农村留守初中生的调查数据进行分析.结果表明,根据社会适应的积极功能和消极功能指标,可将留守初中生划分为高危型、矛盾型、完好型和脆弱型等四种类型.四种类型被试在两种适应功能得分均存在显著差异,完好型留守儿童在同伴依恋质量和心理坚韧性的得分最高,高危型儿童组得分最低.据此建立的判别函数表明该分类是有效的,可为留守儿童个别化辅导和心理社会干预提供参考. 相似文献
13.
Using longitudinal data, the authors assessed 585 Dominican, Chinese, and African American adolescents (Grades 6–8, Mage at W1 = 11.83) to determine patterns over time of perceived ethnic‐racial discrimination from adults and peers; if these patterns varied by gender, ethnicity, and immigrant status; and whether they are associated with psychological (self‐esteem, depressive symptoms) and social (friend and teacher relationship quality, school belonging) adjustment. Two longitudinal patterns for adult discrimination and three longitudinal patterns for peer discrimination were identified using a semiparametric mixture model. These trajectories were distinct with regard to the initial level, shape, and changes in discrimination. Trajectories varied by gender and ethnicity and were significantly linked to psychological and social adjustment. Directions for future research and practice are discussed. 相似文献
14.
Xinyin Chen Rui Fu Dan Li Huichang Chen Zhengyan Wang Li Wang 《Child development》2021,92(3):994-1010
This study examined relations between behavioral inhibition in toddlerhood and social, school, and psychological adjustment in late adolescence in China. Data on behavioral inhibition were collected from a sample of 2-year-olds (initial N = 247). Follow-up data were collected at 7 years for peer relationships and 19 years for adjustment across domains. The results showed that early inhibition positively predicted later social competence and school adjustment. Peer relationships in middle childhood served as a protective factor in the development of depression of inhibited children. The results indicate the distinct functional meaning of behavioral inhibition in the Chinese context from a developmental perspective. 相似文献
15.
Social Reputation and Peer Relationships in Chinese and Canadian Children: A Cross-cultural Study 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3
480 children in Shanghai, the People's Republic of China, and 296 children in Southern Ontario, Canada, aged 8 and 10 years, were administered the Revised Class Play and a sociometric nomination measure. Factor analyses of the Revised Class Play items resulted in 3 orthogonal factors in each of the Chinese and the Canadian samples; the factor structure in the Canadian sample was somewhat more similar than that of the Chinese sample vis-à-vis the original factor structure. The variables that were formed by the same items loading on each factor in both samples were labeled ( a ) "sociability-leadership," ( b ) "aggression-disruption," and ( c ) "shyness-sensitivity." Consistent with the Western literature extant, it was found that sociability-leadership was positively correlated with peer acceptance and the aggression-disruption was positively correlated with peer rejection in both the Chinese and Canadian children. Shyness-sensitivity was significantly and negatively correlated with measures of peer acceptance in the Canadian sample. Inconsistent with Western results, it was found that items describing shyness-sensitivity were separated from items assessing isolation in the factor structure for the Chinese sample. Shyness-sensitivity was positively associated with sociability-leadership and with peer acceptance in the Chinese sample. 相似文献
16.
Qi Fang Chunqiong Liu Yanbo Tang Zeyi Shi Qian Wang Charles C. Helwig 《Child development》2022,93(2):484-501
The present study took a differentiated perspective on parental psychological control to examine its impact on adolescent adjustment among urban (n = 349, females: 53%) and rural (n = 293, females: 54%) Chinese adolescents (Mage = 12.14 years). Four times over the first 2 years of Junior High school (from October, 2016 to April, 2018), adolescents reported on parental psychological control, their psychological well-being (life satisfaction and depressive symptoms), and academic relative autonomy. Adolescents’ grades also were obtained. The findings show generally negative effects of social comparison shame, love withdrawal and harsh psychological control (but not shared shame or parental relationship-oriented guilt induction) on adolescents’ psychological well-being, and negative effects of social comparison shame on adolescents’ academic functioning. 相似文献
17.
蔡钟川 《广东广播电视大学学报》2012,21(4):75-81
为了解潮汕地区城乡初中生心理健康及其影响因素,以该地区城乡670名初中生为被试对象,对学生心理健康及影响学生心理健康的社会因素、家庭因素、个体因素（共15个因子）进行调查研究。结果表明：城市初中生的心理健康状况显著好于农村初中学生;城乡初中学生在五个因子上都存在显著差异;城乡学生的心理健康与影响因子的相关不尽相同,且在个别因子上存在反相关;在城乡初中生心理健康较好预测变量上,有较大不同。 相似文献
18.
The peer group as a context: moderating effects on relations between maternal parenting and social and school adjustment in chinese children 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
This 2-year longitudinal study examined, in a sample of Chinese children (initial M age = 11 years), the moderating effects of the peer group on relations between maternal supportive parenting and social and school adjustment. Data were collected from multiple sources including peer assessments, teacher ratings, school records, and maternal reports. It was found that whereas group prosocial-cooperative functioning strengthened the role of supportive parenting in helping children develop social and school competence, group antisocial-destructive functioning undermined the contributions of supportive parenting to children's social and academic achievement. The results indicated the significance of the peer group as a social context for socialization and development in Chinese children. 相似文献
19.
儿童的自然成长具有普遍一致的规律,而我们在寻求发展客观规律的同时也不得不考虑文化教育的影响。本文从发展心理学的研究角度,探讨儿童在父母教养和社会文化环境中社会心理调整和学业努力的特征,以期建立适当的文化环境来促进青少年的发展。研究中,我们调查了中美两国儿童对其父母权威和父母教养实践的感知,并分析了儿童解释父母采取如此的实践的原因。基于父母教养方式的跨文化研究,理解在不同文化背景下儿童的社会心理与生活体验相互作用的意义,以进一步探索儿童在社会文化环境中的自主与调节。 相似文献
20.
Yueming Jia Niobe Way Guangming Ling Hirokazu Yoshikawa Xinyin Chen Diane Hughes Xiaoyan Ke Zuhong Lu 《Child development》2009,80(5):1514-1530
This study explored students' perceptions of 3 dimensions of school climate (teacher support, student–student support, and opportunities for autonomy in the classroom) and the associations between these dimensions and adolescent psychological and academic adjustment in China and the United States. Data were drawn from 2 studies involving 706 middle school students ( M = 12.26) from Nanjing, China, and 709 middle school students ( M = 12.36) from New York City. Findings revealed that students in China perceived higher levels of teacher support, student–student support, and opportunities for autonomy in the classroom than students in the United States. Furthermore, students' perceptions of teacher support and student–student support were positively associated with adolescents' self-esteem and grade point average but negatively associated with depressive symptoms for both Chinese and American adolescents. 相似文献