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1.
Robert J. Synovitz 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(4):650-657
Abstract The Borozne Health Information Opinionnaire was used to determine the amount and kind of harmful health misconceptions believed by students in basic health information classes in four-year colleges in the state of Indiana, and whether they were affected by the following factors: age, grade level, sex, race, course background, rural or urban background, marital status, major area of academic preparation, school attended, geographic location, and religion. Findings revealed (a) the most prevalent harmful health misconceptions; (b) subject-matter areas which contained the greatest percentage of harmful health misconceptions believed by the students; and (c) the existence of significant differences between the mean harmful health misconception scores of the sex, race, marital status, grade level, major area of acadmic preparation, and course background subgroups. 相似文献
2.
Abstract A special instrument in the form of a health opinionnaire was constructed, evaluated, and administered for the purpose of determining the prevalence of certain harmful health misconceptions among freshman prospective elementary school teachers attending state teachers colleges in New England and the extent to which that population was aware of the harmfulness of these misconceptions. Analysis indicated that the participating trainees subscribed to many harmful health misconceptions and that those who were aware of the misconceptions were also aware of their harmfulness. Analysis of variance indicated that those who had health and biology or biology subscribed to fewer misconceptions to a highly significant degree. 相似文献
3.
Donald E. Campbell 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(4):888-893
Abstract Form A of the Wear Attitude Inventory was administered to one randomly selected physical education class of seventh grade boys, one class of eighth grade boys, and one class of ninth grade boys in each of five junior high schools. The mean Inventory score for each grade was found to be equal to or superior to the mean reported in Wear's validation study. A significant X2 value was found for the distribution of Inventory scores of the three junior high school grades. A biserial coefficient of correlation item analysis which was computed for each of the three grades established that the 30 items correlated significantly with the total score and that the item score also had a significant correlation with the Inventory category score. On the basis of these results, the conclusion was advanced that the Wear Attitude Inventory was an appropriate instrument to measure attitudes of junior high school boys toward physical education. 相似文献
4.
The purpose of this study was to explore and reveal naïve conceptions and misconceptions about energy embedded in elementary school students’ prior knowledge. Students’ performance on standardized knowledge test was used to classify students into low, median and high levels of knowledge about the cardiovascular system. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with students in each group to extract their understanding of energy in relation to food choices, physical activities, and exercises. Analysis of the interview data generated six categories of naïve conceptions and two categories of misconceptions. Different conceptual change theories, including Chi’s ontological change theory, Ohlsson’s resubsumption theory, and enculturation theory were used to analyze and understand these naïve conceptions and misconceptions and why they could be robust to change. The analyses confirm the need to adopt a multi-theoretical approach to the understanding of students’ naïve conceptions and misconceptions (Chinn & Samarapungavan, 2009. Conceptual change-multiple routes, multiple mechanisms: A commentary on Ohlsson. Educational Psychologist, 44(1), 1–10). The findings encourage physical and health educators adopt different strategies to address the potential learning obstacles brought by students’ naïve conceptions and misconceptions. 相似文献
5.
Ruth Rich 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(4):631-637
Abstract In addition to the findings of related studies, four sources of information were selected as a basis for determining the health education needs of high school students. Data were obtained from a representative sample of 959 B10 and A12 grade students in eight Los Angeles high schools by use of the LeMaistre Health Behavior Inventory, the Mooney Problem Check List, information derived from appraisals by school physicians' examinations, and personal data questionnaires on health history which students were asked to complete. The LeMaistre Inventory showed greatest weaknesses to be in the health education areas of sleep, rest, and relaxation; prevention and control of chronic and degenerative diseases; safety education; and consumer health. The Mooney Check List showed most student concerns to be in the areas of sleep, rest, and relaxation; mental health; personal health; and nutrition. From the physicians' examinations, orthopedic, dental, visual, and skin defects were observed most frequently; these findings have implications for the instructional areas of personal health and dental health. From student personal health histories, nutrition; consumer health; sleep, rest, and relaxation; and stimulants and depressants were evident as the instructional areas needing greatest emphasis. Although little or no statistically significant relationship was found among students' scores on the various techniques which were used to identify needs, it was possible to note an interrelationship among the rank order of certain areas. Moreover, statistically significant grade and sex differences (.05) were apparent in certain aspects of students' health behavior. 相似文献
6.
Abstract Recovery pulse rates following a 3-min. step test were obtained from 686 junior high school and 1,332 high school age subjects who were students in 55 different secondary schools throughout the six districts of the AAHPER. The pulse rates were converted to cardiovasular efficiency scores and from these, national standards were established for the 9–14 age group and for the 15 19 age group. The standards consisted of six categories from excellent to very poor. In addition, it was found that junior high school subjects scored better than high school subjects; that neither temperature nor time of day of testing had a significant effect on test scores; and that at the high school level the senior high school subjects in the Central district achieved the best scores of the six districts while at the junior high level the Central and Southern districts ranked together as best. 相似文献
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采用文献资料、问卷调查、专家访谈、数理统计等研究方法,对湖南省初中生体育锻炼行为的现状进行调查统计.分析结果显示20.8％的初中生养成了体育锻炼的习惯;23.9％的初中生认为体育锻炼的作用是保持健康、不生病;65.9％的初中生赞成自己现应具备一定的体育知识与运动技能;41.5％的初中生认为参加体育锻炼的动机是增进健康、提高免疫力;31.3％人已达到体育人口锻炼标准;初中生一般是在下午5到7点间在学校体育场馆与同学、朋友一起进行体育锻炼.研究发现体育场地设施的缺乏、学习任务重与家庭是否支持、锻炼环境等是影响初中生参加体育锻炼行为的主要因素,对此提出相关建议. 相似文献
9.
文章采用文献资料法、问卷调查法、数理统计法、访谈法等研究方法,对湘西州城市与农村初中生运动参与的影响因素进行了调查研究并进行了对比分析,旨在掌握湘西州城乡初中生运动参与的影响因素,了解城乡之间的差异,为促进湘西州初中生积极参与运动,培养初中生良好的运动参与习惯打下基础,同时为湘西州教育部门初中体育工作提供依据。 相似文献
10.
Gilbert R. Shuck 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(2):288-298
Abstract The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of competitive athletics on the growth and development of junior high school boys. The Wetzel Grid was used to evaluate growth and development in terms of body shape, body size, and speed of growth of 366 boys. The general conclusions were: (a) athletes are selected because of their superiority in body sizes and speeds of growth as well as for their skills; (b) intramural sports seemed to have no retarding effect on the growth and development of these boys; (c) to assure growth success for junior high school athletes, the total games per season should not exceed two-thirds the varsity schedule or one game per week. 相似文献
11.
Peter W.R. Lemon 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(3):299-301
Abstract With endorsement of professional and official agencies, a study committee conducted a voluntary project to determine the health knowledge achievement of students in the two-unit health course required for graduation in the public junior colleges of California. A standardized test was given to over 5,000 students in 118 hygiene classes in 34 junior colleges at the beginning of the course, and again at its close. Although statistically significant gains were made in all institutions and in nearly all classes, the end-term mean achievement of 58.8 percent leaves much to be desired. The wide range of individual and class scores indicates the need for routine pretesting, with analysis and follow-up by remedial teaching to correct the disclosed deficiencies. 相似文献
12.
Dr. Richard A. Berger Major Robert L. Paradis 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(4):666-669
Abstract Boys (N = 115) in the seventh grade of a junior high school were tested for physical fitness by the AAHPER Youth Fitness Test. In addition, data were collected for age, height, weight, and socioeconomic level of each boy. Two racial groups were formed consisting of 30 white and 30 black students who were matched on age and socioeconomic level. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the physical fitness of white and black students of equal socioeconomic level was significantly different. There were no significant differences between the groups in age, height, weight, and socioeconomic level. The black students exceeded the white students significantly on the shuttle run, 50-yd. dash, 600-yd. run and composite fitness score. It was concluded that black male students of similar socioeconomic level to white students in the seventh grade, have a higher level of physical fitness. 相似文献
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Abstract Two groups of 23 junior high school boys were tested before and after an eight weeks' progressive resistance training program. The experimental group participated in this program, but the control group took part only in regularly scheduled physical education classes. At the end of the eight weeks, it was found that the experimental group increased their ability to do pull-ups, push-ups, the Harvard Step Test, Dodge run, the Burpee test, and trunk extension and flexion. The control group improved in the Dodge run, the Burpee test, push-ups, and trunk extension. In no case did the improvement of the control group exceed the improvement of the experimental group. The experimental group also increased in anthropometric measurements. Medical examinations indicated that no harmful effects were experienced by either group. 相似文献
14.
John L. Crompton Arnold Vedlitz Charles W. Lamb Jr. 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(4):449-457
Abstract Data on participation in 15 recreational activities were obtained from a sample of 2,760 junior and senior high school students. Interrelationships among activities were examined by use of a hierarchical clustering procedure for males and females within each of the following four age groups: 11–12, 13–14, 15–16, and 17–18. The data indicated that the two a priori designated clusters of outdoor recreation and competitive recreation activities were of limited value for categorizing interrelated activities. However, the clustering procedures suggested that if the outdoor recreation and competitive recreation clusters were defined more narrowly, many of the activities within them did interrelate. A third group of activities emerged which had a very low relationship to the other two clusters and to each other. They were given the generic title “unique recreation activities” to indicate their relative independence. 相似文献
15.
郑海波 《哈尔滨体育学院学报》2012,(1):48-51
采用实验比较法、问卷调查法,就＂乒乓球综合教学法＂对培养初中生乒乓球兴趣的作用进行实验研究。结果显示：该教学法在培养初中生乒乓球兴趣方面显著优于传统教学法,P〈0.01。该法可操作性强,优越性尤其体现在：适合初中学生人格特点,提高社会适应能力,缓解压力,培养学生的创新思维,融洽师生关系,增强学生的团结协作精神,提高教师的自身素质等方面。 相似文献
16.
Robert H. Kirk 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(4):1005-1012
Abstract The aspects of this investigation were to determine what relationship existed between the priority rankings by college students of personal and community health centered areas to be covered in a basic course and the percent of class time instructors devoted to the same areas; to collect problems and questions; and to construct a suggested time allotment schedule for teaching the various health areas. A rank-response instrument was constructed for use by students. Their instructors processed a content-weighting instrument. Treatment and analysis of data revealed a negligible degree of relationship between rankings of students and those of their instructors; and that instructors tend not to be in agreement with what their students consider prime areas of health content. Students were in general agreement about problems to be solved and questions to be answered. Use of student priorities is only one factor used in determining content for the basic personal and community health course for freshmen. 相似文献
17.
Phyllis Van Vleet 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(2):194-198
Abstract This is a study of the result of some 4,000 inventories being administered to students in eight junior colleges and 13 senior colleges and universities. There was a sampling of 2,000 men and 2,000 women. The inventory included 60 items which were prepared by the author after several years of review, experimentation, and then modified by several authorities in this field. The purpose of this study was to determine the interests in the various areas for marriage education. The results of the study indicate the differences in interests of both sexes for lower and upper division students. The results can be used as a guide to deter-to determine course content. 相似文献
18.
Sharon R. Phillips Kevin Mercier Sarah Doolittle 《Physical Education & Sport Pedagogy》2017,22(4):364-377
Primary objective: Teacher evaluation is being revamped by policy-makers. The marginalized status of physical education has protected this subject area from reform for many decades, but in our current era of system-wide, data-based decision-making, physical education is no longer immune. Standardized and local testing, together with structured observation measures, are swiftly being mandated in the USA as required elements of teacher evaluation systems in an effort to improve school programs and student achievement. The purpose of this investigation was to document how this reform was initiated and the experiences of teachers, students and administrators, from three high school physical education programs, during initiation of this reform. Documenting how physical education programs respond to such reforms develops our understanding of top-down reform efforts and helps to identify conditions under which such reforms have the intended effect on physical education teachers and student learning in physical education.
Theoretical framework: Fullan’s three phases of school change has been used to analyze and guide school change efforts in several subject areas including physical education. The phases are initiation, implementation and institutionalization. This study is situated primarily within the first phase of school change, the initiation phase.
Methods and procedures: This study took place over a 21-month period in 3 suburban school districts in a northeast metropolitan area of the USA. Interviews with district physical education administrators, high school physical education teachers and students were conducted. Field notes of physical education classes, informal interviews and related artifacts including pre- and post-physical education assessments were collected. To ensure trustworthiness, several steps were taken including member checks, triangulation and peer review. The data were analyzed to find common themes and patterns using the constant comparative method.
Results: Several themes emerged: (1) changes in curriculum and assessment; (2) effect on administrators; (3) stakeholder apathy and (4) department collaboration.
Conclusion: Changes, although minor, did take place in the wake of this top-down teacher reform; however, additional research needs to be completed to determine whether or not these changes are meaningful or long lasting. 相似文献
19.
Major Laurence E. Owens USAF 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(4):461-469
Abstract This study was undertaken to determine the status of the health and physical education program for boys in 101 Ohio secondary schools and to determine the relationship of school size, community size, accreditation, geographic area, type of school district, and consolidation to this status. According to the results of this study, accreditation and school size have considerably more influence upon the quality of the program than any other factor studied. Schools enrolling 500–999 students have a significantly better health and physical education program than schools enrolling less than 500 students. Enrollment above 1,000 tends to have a slight negative influence upon the quality of the program. 相似文献
20.
陈俊达 《体育科技文献通报》2012,20(8):65-67
目的：探讨初中200米跑切实有效的训练方法,提高初三学生中考体育加试成绩。方法：采取不同的训练方法进行对照实验的研究方法,对所得结果进行数理统计与分析。结果：实验组采取综合训练方法,200米跑成绩比对照组有显著性提高（P〈0．05）。结论：采取科学的训练方法,并合理地安排训练内容,可以大幅度提高初中200米跑成绩。建议：采取本文的训练方法,将全面提高初中生中考体育加试成绩。 相似文献