共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
大学英语写作一直以来被认为是大学英语教与学中比较薄弱的一个环节,而写作能力又是衡量学习者语言综合运用能力的一项重要指标。本文运用错误分析理论并结合实证调查与研究,提出在大学英语写作教学中使用归纳法帮助学生纠正语言错误以促进语言的学习。 相似文献
2.
《学习科学杂志》2013,22(3):273-304
There has been much interest in using software tools to scaffold learners in complex tasks, that is, to provide supports that enable students to deal with more complex content and skill demands than they could otherwise handle. Many different approaches to scaffolding techniques have been presented in a broad range of software tools. I argue that two complementary mechanisms can explain how a diversity of scaffolding approaches in software act to support learners. Software tools can help structure the learning task, guiding learners through key components and supporting their planning and performance. In addition, tools can shape students' performance and understanding of the task in terms of key disciplinary content and strategies and thus problematize this important content. Although making the task more difficult in the short term, by forcing learners to engage with this complexity, such scaffolded tools make this work more productive opportunities for learning. I present arguments for these mechanisms in terms of the obstacles learners face, and I present several brief examples to illustrate their use in design guidelines. Finally, I examine how the mechanisms of structuring and problematizing are sometimes complementary and sometimes in tension in design, discuss design tradeoffs in developing scaffolded investigation tools for learners, and consider the reliance of scaffolding on a classroom system of supports. 相似文献
3.
The aim of this explorative study was to find the factors limiting sixth-grade learners’ outcomes in acquiring skills related to the transformative inquiry learning processes as well as to analyse the interrelations between inquiry skills in order to develop an optimal support system for designing Web-based inquiry learning environments. A Web-based learning environment ‘Young Scientist’ was developed and applied to the domain of integrated science. The skill of identifying the correct research questions appeared to be a prerequisite for formulating research questions. When students understand how to identify the research questions correctly, there is no need for supporting formulation of research questions or hypotheses. We have found that at the stages of analysing data and inferring, students have to be provided with the tools to activate their prior knowledge, assignments help to organize their work into manageable sections, and reflective support or adaptive feedback to relate the results achieved with the process of inquiry. Our findings demonstrate that the effectiveness of inquiry learning can be strongly influenced by regulative support; however, a particular level of initial inquiry knowledge in theoretical context is also needed in order to develop inquiry skills in a situational context. 相似文献
4.
In this review we argue that interactivity can be effective in video-based models to engage learners in relevant cognitive
processes. We do not treat modeling as an isolated instructional method but adopted the social cognitive model of sequential
skill acquisition in which learners start with observation and finish with independent, self-regulated performance. Moreover,
we concur with the notion that interactivity should emphasize the cognitive processes that learners engage in when they interact
with the learning environment. The four-component instructional design (4C/ID) model is used to define a set of cognitive
processes: Elaboration and induction enable learners to construct schemas, whereas compilation and strengthening enable learners
to automate these schemas. Pacing, cues, control over appearance, prediction, working in dyads, personalized task selection,
and reflection prompts are identified as guidelines that might support learners to interactively construct schemas. Personalized
task selection with part-task practice helps learners to interactively automate schemas. 相似文献
5.
Whether fading support for problems affects accuracy of hypertext navigation and problem performance is investigated in this study. In a student-centered e-learning environment conceptual support is added to help domain novices get an overview of the problem domain, while strategic support is provided to help domain novices get insight into the problem demands. It is assumed that such support helps learners because it lowers the cognitive load of navigation. This frees up cognitive capacity for learning provided that the support fades and becomes less intrusive as a function of learner expertise. It is hypothesized that fading support during practice helps learners navigate more accurately during practice and achieve a higher practice and test performance as compared to learners receiving full support or no support during practice. This study confirms the beneficial effects of fading support on navigation but no effects of fading were found on practice and test performance. 相似文献
6.
从建构主义及学习共同体理论出发,利用视频创作工具设计主题语言实践活动,创建"多元共生"的学习环境。通过个体差异及任务分工组成学习共同体,进行以学习和问题解决为主的一系列活动,并对活动进行反思评价。在此实践过程中,教师不需充当直接教学者,只作适当引导、提示、鼓励和提供反馈,充分体现学习者的技能和积极性,实现对知识的建构。 相似文献
7.
Brian R. Belland Joel Drake 《Educational technology research and development : ETR & D》2013,61(6):903-925
One way to help students engage in higher-order thinking is through scaffolding, which can be defined as support that allows students to participate meaningfully in and gain skill at a task that is beyond their unassisted abilities. Most research on computer-based scaffolds assesses the average impact of the tools on learning outcomes. This is problematic in that it assumes that computer-based scaffolds impact different students in the same way. In this conceptual paper, we use activity theory and the theory of affordances to build an initial theoretical framework on how and why K-12 students use computer-based scaffolds. Specifically, we argue that affordances and motives drive how and why K-12 students use computer-based scaffolds. Then we examine empirical studies to gather preliminary support for the framework. Implications for research on and the design of computer-based scaffolds are explored. 相似文献
8.
Early school failure is a critical factor in the development of peer rejection and antisocial behavior in children. This paper describes three sets of instructional strategies that have been shown to promote high levels of academic competence by arranging frequent opportunities for correct skill practice: (a) teaching children at their instructional level and monitoring progress, (b) teaching children differently as their skills improve, and (c) rewarding success and setting goals. Research is reviewed showing that practicing skills to high levels of fluency leads to retention and endurance, the emergence of new forms of a skill, and creative problem solving. The motivation of children to complete academic tasks through the strategic use of reinforcement is discussed, as are the implications of these strategies for encouraging children to be persistent, self‐motivated, life‐long learners. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Psychol Schs 41: 19–30, 2004. 相似文献
9.
10.
Exploring an historical gaze: A language of description for the practice of school history 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Carol Bertram 《课程研究杂志》2013,45(3):429-442
11.
ABSTRACT Improving performance in the medical industry is an area that is ideally suited for the tools advocated by the International Society of Performance Improvement (ISPI). This paper describes an application of the tools that have been developed by Dale Brethower and Geary Rummler, two pillars of the performance improvement industry. It allows the reader to follow a step‐by‐step approach in a project conducted within a cardiology practice. The tools we used are grounded in behavioral systems analysis as well as in applied behavior analysis. The paper describes how these tools help improve the throughput of a department within a medical practice, while taking into account that this department is one part of the entire medical practice, as well as the local and national medical community. Each tool utilized is shown as it fits into the puzzle of solving the problem described by the client. 相似文献
12.
在新课标下有关英语测试的几个问题 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
JIA Zhi-gao 《课程.教材.教法》2008,(6)
英语测试能力是英语教师专业能力的重要组成部分。每一位英语教师都应认识和了解语言测试的基本知识和方法,以及英语测试设计和实施的理念和原则,增强测试改革的意识,使英语测试在理念和实践上跟上当前中学英语课改和教改的步伐,推动而不是妨碍中学英语教学改革的顺利进行。 相似文献
13.
数字化教育游戏能为学习者提供一个丰富的视听多媒体学习环境,在这样的环境下,教师和学习者同为游戏者。他们在精心设计的游戏中合作学习完成学习任务,游戏情节本身就是学习目标。数字化教育游戏还能为学习者提供适当的学习策略,教师或高水平的学习者还可以提供支架来帮助其他学习者。数字化教育游戏作为一种极具吸引力的学习过程,需要适当的教学系统设计理论和方法来指导才能使教学效果达到最优化。尤其是将教育游戏应用于具体领域时,需要对教学设计模式进行必要的研究。本研究旨在通过对如何构建教学设计模式进行探讨,从而提出一种适合数字化教育游戏的教学设计模式。 相似文献
14.
文章从当前大学生口语现状出发,探讨适合学习者口语自主学习的分级测试题,以帮助他们更好地了解自己的口语水平。口语测试包括对语言能力、语用能力和交际策略能力的考查。测试的结果应给学习者提供其交际能力方面的详细描述与测评,有利于学习者有针对性地练习提高。 相似文献
15.
唐敏 《湖北广播电视大学学报》2009,29(10):137-138
合作学习任务型教学是指教师通过引导语言学习者合作完成任务来进行的教学。合作学习任务型教学的关键在于教师如何发挥中介作用,如何驾驭学习者,指导学生自主学习,完成任务。让学生充分实践,这样,学生才会真正成为学习的主人。 相似文献
16.
余玉秀 《湖北大学成人教育学院学报》2013,(6):98-101
听力理解先于说、读和写等其它技能,是学习一门新语言时首先获得的技能;听力理解为未来习得"说"打下了基础;注重听力理解训练、在最初教学阶段适当放松口头产出要求有助于培养学习者的语言能力,其比集中口头练习有更好的产出效果。本文通过援引二语习得方面重大和权威的研究成果,回顾了听力理解和语言学习的密切关系,探讨了听力理解及其在英语教学中的地位和作用,认为"听力优先说"优于传统的"语法翻译法"和"听说法"。 相似文献
17.
This paper describes the use of an activity theory (AT) framework to analyze the ways that distance part time learners and mobile workers adapted and appropriated mobile devices for their activities and in turn how their use of these new tools changed the ways that they carried out their learning or their work. It is argued that there are two key strengths in using an activity theory framework in this context. The first strength is the emphasis activity theory places on tools, including computer artefacts, as mediators of activity. This emphasis focuses attention on the activity itself rather than, for example, simply the interaction between the human and the computer. The focus is on the learner or user’s objectives and activities and the computer is the tool through which the user achieves her objectives. The second strength was referred to briefly above. The AT perspective also enabled analysis of an interactive dynamic process of users or learners and their tools—in this case personal digital assistants (PDAs). It revealed a two way process in which the user adapts the tools they use according to their everyday practice and preferences in order to carry out their activities; and how, in turn, the tools themselves also modify the activities that the user is engaged in. Three case studies illustrate these processes. The first case study is of distance learners’ use of e‐books on PDAs, to supplement their access to other static media such as books and computers. The second case study investigated how mobile workers in the energy industry used mobile devices to access information when away from the office. The third and final case study investigated the use of mobile devices in an art gallery. The paper concludes with a discussion of the information access needs that are apparent in each of these learning contexts, and highlights the pertinent issues in the use of mobile technologies to support lifelong learners’ information needs. 相似文献
18.
Sanna Järvelä 《Infancia y Aprendizaje》2015,38(2):279-294
AbstractLearning in and for the twenty-first century requires motivational competence and effective learning strategies in individual and collaborative learning settings. Being able to strategically regulate one’s own learning and that of others is a vital and increasingly important skill. Most learners are not equipped to regulate and direct their own learning or might lack the motivation to do so. Additionally, if self-regulation of learning is difficult at the individual level, it becomes even more difficult when interacting with peers and in teams, known as co-regulation and shared regulation. Fortunately, recent research has shown that regulation can be both learned and also often supported with self-regulation tools and/or environments. This paper discusses recent trends in self-regulated learning research, focusing especially on regulating learning in computer supported collaborative learning. It is concluded that today’s education should help learners become aware of their strengths and weaknesses in a learning situation, so as to help them develop skills and strategies to continue to learn throughout their lives. 相似文献
19.
偏误是英语学习中的一种规律性错误，教师对此要有全面的认识和得当的纠正办法。偏误来源于母语迁移、目的语知识负迁移、化因素迁移、交际策略的影响，教师在不同课型上纠正偏误的比重和具体方法应灵活而有针对性。 相似文献
20.
Chantal J.J. Gorissen Liesbeth Kester Saskia Brand-Gruwel Rob Martens 《Interactive Learning Environments》2013,21(6):655-669
This study focuses on learning in three different hypermedia environments that either support autonomous learning, learner-controlled learning or system-controlled learning and explores the mediating role of academic self-regulation style (ASRS; i.e. a macro level of motivation) on learning. This research was performed to gain more insight in the conditions under which learning in hypermedia environments is effective. Sixty-nine grade five students from a primary school answered short essay questions using video material from a hypermedia environment. The effects on task motivation and test performance were measured. It was found that learners in the autonomy supported hypermedia environment reported lower levels of controlled task motivation, compared to the learners in the system-controlled and learner-controlled hypermedia environments. But there were no effects of hypermedia environment on autonomous task motivation or the reported need fulfilment for autonomy. Furthermore, learners in the learner-controlled hypermedia environment scored lower on a delayed, In-Depth Knowledge Test compared to learners in the other two environments. Moreover, learners in the autonomy supported hypermedia environment watched more (unique) videos compared to learners in the system-controlled and the learner-controlled hypermedia environments. As for the role of learners' ASRS, we found no interaction with the type of hypermedia environment on task motivation or performance. Learners' ASRS did, however, affect the learners' motivation for the task. And, when presented with advice (as in the autonomy supported hypermedia environment) learners with an autonomous self-regulation style followed more advice, compared to learners with a more controlled self-regulation style. 相似文献