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1.
Shyness-Sensitivity and Social, School, and Psychological Adjustment in Rural Migrant and Urban Children in China 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The purpose of this study was to examine relations between shyness-sensitivity and social competence, school performance, and psychological well-being in Chinese children with rural and urban backgrounds. Participants were students in rural migrant children schools and city schools in China ( N s = 411 and 518, respectively; M age = 10 years). Data were obtained from peer evaluations, teacher ratings, self-reports, and school records. It was found that shyness was associated with social and school problems and depression in urban children. However, shyness was generally associated with indexes of adjustment such as leadership, teacher-rated competence, and academic achievement in rural migrant children. The results indicate the role of context in defining the functional meaning of social behavior in children's adjustment. 相似文献
2.
Shuang Chen Jennifer Adams Zhiyong Qu Xiaohua Wang Li Chen 《International Review of Education/Internationale Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft/Revue internationale l'éducation》2013,59(6):693-722
In the context of China’s increasing rural-urban migration, few studies have investigated how parental migration affects children’s experience in school. The high cost of schooling, taken together with the institutional barriers in destination cities, have compelled many rural parents in China to migrate without their children, leaving them in the care of their spouses, grandparents, relatives or other caregivers. Still other parents migrate with their children, many of whom then attend urban migrant schools in their destination city. Understanding the academic engagement of children of migrant workers is particularly salient because the poor qualities of migrant schools, a lack of parental support, and exposure to competing alternatives to schooling may render both migrant children in the cities and left-behind children in the rural villages vulnerable to disengagement, and ultimately school dropout. Using data collected in 2008 in the urban Haidian and Changping districts of Beijing and rural Henan and Shaanxi provinces, the authors of this paper investigate the association between parental migration status and two measures of academic engagement, academic aspirations and the odds of liking school, by comparing migrant children attending migrant schools and left-behind children with their rural counterparts who do not have migrant parents. The authors’ findings show that migrant children attending migrant schools have lower academic engagement compared to rural children of non-migrant parents. The correlation between academic engagement and parental migration status can be accounted for in part by the support children receive from family and teachers. The association between certain measures of family and school support and academic engagement also varies by parental migration status: for example, high teacher turnover rates significantly reduce migrant children’s odds of liking schools, but do not affect children of non-migrant parents. 相似文献
3.
Jie Dong 《Journal of Language, Identity & Education》2018,17(5):336-349
This article investigates the identity construction process of China’s rural-urban migrant children through analyses of their discourses and of their use of language. Rural children have relocated to the urban centers with their parents on a massive scale over the past decades as China has undergone rapid economic changes. Many migrant children are able to attend urban public schools, and their identity construction emerges as an important issue that attracts increasing public and scholarly attention. This study draws on ethnographic data and presents four examples to illustrate the complex process of migrant identity construction. The results show that the migrant children deploy a range of linguistic features and claim multiple identities; in order for their identities to be established in social reality, they have to go through negotiation processes in which their identities are evaluated, ratified, challenged, or denied. Language is at the center of such processes. 相似文献
4.
This paper investigates the implementation of education policy for migrant children in urban China. Historically, rural and urban residents in China were separated by the hukou system, and rural children were not allowed to attend urban schools. Since the relaxation of the hukou system in the early 1980s, large numbers of rural families migrated to cities. The right of migrant children to education in urban China was formally recognised by the government in a series of policies starting in 2001. The research reported, here, reveals that migrant children did not have equal access to urban schools nor did they enjoy an equally good education to that of urban children. Based on 53 in-depth interviews with school principals, teachers and pupils in two provincial capitals in China, this paper explores the main factors affecting the implementation of education policy for migrant children. The research demonstrates that policies relating to equal admissions criteria were not implemented as intended, with migrant children not having equal access to schools. However, policies relating to non-segregation and academic support were implemented as intended. It is argued that, at the school level, this is a result of the examination-oriented system, and schools’ responses to this. 相似文献
5.
Ting Liu Kathryn Holmes James Albright 《International Journal of Inclusive Education》2013,17(9):994-1008
Recently China has been undergoing an unprecedented urbanisation process which has resulted in millions of rural families living in urban areas. As part of a study of Chinese migrant children's educational experiences, surveys and interviews were conducted with primary school teachers in a metropolitan city in East China. The objectives of this study were to describe teachers’ perceptions of migrant children's education in both migrant schools and in public schools, and to investigate differences in their beliefs between school types. Results found that urban teachers’ perceptions of educational inclusion of migrant students were slightly negative in general. However, teachers in public schools showed significantly more positive attitudes to inclusion of migrant students than migrant school teachers. In the light of these findings, the paper concludes with implications for practice and policy for education of migrant children in China. 相似文献
6.
Since 2001, the Chinese government had passed a series of policies known as ‘the two primary responsibilities’ to allow the rural migrant children to attend urban public schools. However, what the migrant children actually experienced in and after negotiating access to these schools deserves serious attention from educators, scholars and policymakers. Based on prolonged ethnographic fieldwork in a Beijing public school, this study demonstrated three key aspects of exclusions in migrant children’s schooling experiences, namely, (1) access to school, (2) in-class participations and (3) peer interactions, and examined the ‘hidden curriculum’ in the existing school practices that prevented migrant children from integrating successfully in the urban school settings. We found that academic performance lay at the root of social exclusions, but the local educators’ perceptions of migrant children as outsiders, the urban-oriented school curricular and urban children’s involvement (vis-à-vis migrant children’s little involvement) in the extracurricular activities at school as well as the paid supplementary trainings outside school together formed the ‘hidden curriculum’ that led to the marginalization of migrant students in the urban school system. 相似文献
7.
An increasing number of migrant children are involved in public education due largely to the policy for migrant children education outlined by the Government of China from the late 1990s. In this article, we describe the unique and often difficult situation rural migrant children face after they enter urban public schools. Drawing from the Theory of Inclusive Education and data collected at two public junior high schools in Beijing, we provide an in-depth analysis on migrant children’s education from their own viewpoint and from the perspectives of their parents, teachers, and school administrators. Our survey results identify the need for further adjustments of the existing education system which can help improve migrant children’s education in China. Findings also highlight the dilemmas regarding how to best meet the needs for teachers, migrant parents, and migrant children who attend public schools. In order to provide a quality education for migrant children, we conclude by arguing that there must be a three-pronged partnership to best accommodate the unique education needs of migrant children in urban China. 相似文献
8.
This paper explores the association of rural schooling with empowerment of female rural migrant workers in remote Western China. It asks what school-related intrinsic and instrumental capabilities enhanced their urban lives and their role as “drivers for development” in urbanizing China. The analysis of a long-term observational study of the females of one cluster of villages shows that recently-arrived (2015) young rural new-migrant workers manifested enhanced capabilities associated with their schooling in four dimensions of social freedoms: protective security against early arranged marriage, enhanced occupational opportunity, constructive social arrangements founded in rural identity, and cognitive and aspirational capabilities. Lower educational attainment and achievement are associated with fewer and weaker empowerment capabilities across all dimensions. Political empowerment capabilities in the sense of civil rights and entitlements have no foundation in earlier education and are lacking in their urban lives. However, a sense of “voice” is beginning to take hold among young rural migrant women. Taking a female-centric capability perspective uncovers beneficial aspects of internal migration, contributing to a more holistically theorized understanding of associated social changes. 相似文献
9.
董钰萍 《宁波教育学院学报》2012,(2):95-98,105
中国城市里涌现的"民工潮"现象是流动着的"农民工"群体关于生存方式选择的权宜之计,也关系着整个中国的发展命运。随父母迁移的流动儿童在社会融入进程中"边缘化"的困境引起了众多研究者的关注。通过对Y市弱势家庭流动儿童小洁在流入城市生活的全貌展开质化研究,分析探讨了流动儿童社会融入中面临的一系列困境:弱势的家庭环境、城市社交的拒斥和代际传递的局限等。 相似文献
10.
黄晓燕 《江西师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2009,42(1)
劳动力转移中流动儿童的社会融入状况日益受到关注.对天津市两所外来务工人员子女较多的学校进行调查,从居住状况、学习成绩、同辈群体、家庭关系、对城市的适应度等方面,来考察他们对城市的生活、结构、心理等方面的融入情况.在此基础上,从不同角度提出流动儿童城市社会融入政策的发展方向及具体政策的关注点. 相似文献
11.
黄晓燕 《江西师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2009,42(1):15-22
劳动力转移中流动儿童的社会融入状况日益受到关注。对天津市两所外来务工人员子女较多的学校进行调查,从居住状况、学习成绩、同辈群体、家庭关系、对城市的适应度等方面,来考察他们对城市的生活、结构、心理等方面的融入情况。在此基础上,从不同角度提出流动儿童城市社会融入政策的发展方向及具体政策的关注点。 相似文献
12.
Jiaxin Chen 《British Journal of Sociology of Education》2020,41(2):253-268
AbstractThis study explores the complexity of school resistance by Chinese rural migrant children (RMC), which may contribute to their educational failure, as well as the school conditions informing their resistance. This study categorizes migrant children’s school resistance into three patterns, based on their rationale for school behaviors: conformist learner, education abandoner, and nascent transformative resister. All three groups were initially believers in pursuing academic success for upward social mobility, as promoted at school. However, some gradually determined such educational pursuit was untenable and became education abandoners. Teachers’ predicting RMC’s academic failure and highlighting the individual’s responsibility for that failure contributed to that abandonment. While findings of this study indicate that migrant children may develop transformative resistance, this possibility is challenged by the dominant ideology of meritocracy and a teaching agenda that legitimizes social inequality. 相似文献
13.
由于进城务工人员的社会地位、身份特征和工作性质,使其子女在受教育权利的保障上存在不容忽视的问题。这些问题的存在严重影响了进城务工人员下一代的成长和发展,对整个中国未来的发展将会产生深层次、潜在的不良影响。应该高度关注进城务工人员子女的受教育权利问题,将其作为一项重要工作来抓,帮助进城务工人员子女享受到平等的受教育机会。 相似文献
14.
我国城市经济的大发展,需要大量的外来劳动力来支撑,随着我国对农业投入的增加和技术含量的进一步提高,以及人力资本素质的逐步提升,由传统农业本身排挤出的劳动力将会越来越多。由于推力和拉力的作用,大批的农业剩余劳动力进城务工,逐步形成了规模巨大的农民工群体,由于农民工与城市居民身份的不同,导致他们在就业、收入、社会福利、子女教育等方面存在差异,于是在城市形成了新的经济结构形态即"城市二元结构"。"城市二元结构"的形成,增加了城市管理的难度,动摇了城市化的进程,扩大了农民工与城市居民收入的差异。笔者建议通过加快户籍改革、统一城乡就业政策、逐步统一社会保障、为低收入农民工群体提供廉租房、解决好农民工子女的教育等措施来缩小城市居民与农民工收入的差异。 相似文献
15.
通过问卷调查对兰州市农民工子女的社会支持网进行研究,分析农民工子女的社会支持系统在保障入学机会的平等、提供公共资源、辅导学业、关注内心情感、照顾生活等方面所发挥的作用以及存在的问题。研究发现,农民工子女的社会支持与其城市认同存在密切的关系。 相似文献
16.
大多数学者认为异地高考政策更加有利于家庭条件较好的随迁子女,少数学者则认为该政策能有效保障农村随迁子女的教育权益,但已有文献仍缺乏关于异地高考政策对两类流动人口高等教育机会影响差异的比较研究。基于2017年中国流动人口动态监测调查数据,本文探讨了异地高考政策对城乡随迁子女高等教育机会的影响,并探究了该政策的调节作用。研究发现,异地高考政策对农村随迁子女高等教育机会的促进作用显著高于城镇随迁子女,且这种效应仅在高政策门槛地区存在,低门槛地区不存在。从政策的调节作用来看,异地高考政策有助于提高农村流动人口子女随迁的意愿,且对农村随迁子女高等教育机会的促进作用要显著高于农村留守子女。同时,异地高考政策可显著降低农村随迁子女家庭社会经济地位对其子女高等教育机会的影响。为此,各地方政府应坚持并完善异地高考政策,充分发挥该政策促进高等教育公平的杠杆作用;流入地政府要进一步提高本地高中教育服务能力;中央政府要进一步推进、完善高考录取制度改革。 相似文献
17.
新生代农民工已成为中国劳动力供给的主流,是我国城镇化建设的主力军,对于城市社会结构的改变发挥着重要作用。新生代农民工的核心问题是农民工的市民化问题,他们对城市体现出较多的认同感和更强的归属感,渴望融入城市。但受城乡二元结构的限制与自身文化、技能的制约,在城市中难以获取稳定、高收入的工作,在城乡两端都处于某种边缘化状态。他们在市民化进程中面临着制度、经济、文化和个人等诸多因素上的挑战,解决新生代农民工市民化问题,不仅直接关系到解决农业、农村、农民的问题,而且关系到工业化、城镇化的健康发展,因此,应多管齐下,加快新生代农民工市民化的进程。 相似文献
18.
《信阳师范学院学报(哲学社会科学版)》2020,(2):18-26
从生存伦理与道德主体的视角看,拥有同一身体的农民与农民工因社会身份的不同,在农村与城市这两种不同日常生活世界中遵循着不同的行动逻辑与道德准则。政治、生活、社会、道德是一个人身份的构型纬度,一旦离开对农民身份有着系统性约定的乡村场域,传统型农民不再拥有农民身份;大众传媒惯用的农民工话语也是一个消解农民的过程。农民工身份是都市社会底层的一种新型社交类型,在此社交类型中农民工的道德主体有着原生型、再生型、次生型三种构型。激活作为"农民"的"农民工"内心深处认同的、与社会公德相契合的生存伦理的引领力,比抽象的"人的城镇化"对社会公德的建构更加具有现实意义。城镇化和乡村振兴的主体是农民还是农民工,不同的认识以及由此建构的不同社会治理方式对未来都市与乡村的道德构型会产生不同的影响。 相似文献
19.
雷成耀 《安顺师范高等专科学校学报》2014,(5):50-51
伴随农村中小学布局调整出现了＂留校儿童＂以及伴随离异家庭出现了＂单亲儿童＂,这部分农村孩子和父母或父母中一方相分离,父母的缺位导致孩子家庭教育非常薄弱甚至缺失。采取改革户籍制度、给农民工以公平待遇和增加对家庭教育知识的培训、因地制宜地布局农村中小学、完善学校教育补偿制度等措施建立农村社区儿童少年教育和监护体系,为广大农村孩子的健康成长营造一种良好的家庭环境和社会氛围。 相似文献
20.
Child development in rural China: children left behind by their migrant parents and children of nonmigrant families 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Using recent cross-sectional data of rural children aged from 8 to 18 in Hunan Province of China, this article examines psychological, behavioral, and educational outcomes and the psychosocial contexts of these outcomes among children left behind by one or both of their rural-to-urban migrant parents compared to those living in nonmigrant families. The results showed that left-behind children were disadvantaged in health behavior and school engagement but not in perceived satisfaction. The child's psychosocial environment, captured by family socioeconomic status, socializing processes, peer and school support, and psychological traits, were associated with, to varying extent, child developmental outcomes in rural China. These influences largely remain constant for the sampled children regardless of their parents' migrant status. 相似文献