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1.
This study explores how graduate students enrolled in M.A./M.S. and Ph.D. geography programs perceive the social and academic
climate of their departments. A second objective is to understand how these students self-assess their own professional abilities,
values, and goals, and whether these self-assessments differ across demographic and institutional contexts. The survey instrument
for this research is based on data collected from graduate student focus groups and on validated constructs of academic culture
and climate from previous research. T-tests, ANOVA, and regression analyses identified significant differences among graduate students and their perceptions of
departmental climate when compared on the basis of gender, citizenship, race/ethnicity, disciplinary subfield, and institutional
type. Interview data provide additional context for analysis of the survey data. The primary areas in which we detected differences
in graduate students’ experiences were 1) diversity issues, 2) disciplinary and institutional cultures, 3) career planning
and development, 4) financial matters, and 5) quality of the learning environment. These differences result from the varying
social and academic dynamics of graduate programs, illustrating the importance of the local environment in shaping student
experiences.
相似文献
Beth SchlemperEmail: |
2.
This exploratory study examines the learning beliefs of high and low achieving, low-income Mexican-American students. Semi-structured
interviews were conducted with 11 ninth grade students. The qualitative analysis shows that students’ perceptions of their
teachers’ expectations of a “good” student or a “not so good” student did not differ along achievement lines. However, the
students’ perceptions about what it means to be a good student differentiated the low-achievers from the high-achievers. This
study’s findings may be used to inform educators about Mexican-American students’ orientation towards school and learning,
in hopes for creating more equitable educational settings where all students achieve to their fullest potential.
相似文献
Soung BaeEmail: |
3.
The Interrelation of First-Year College Students’ Critical Thinking Disposition, Perceived Academic Control, and Academic Achievement 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Robert H. Stupnisky Robert D. Renaud Lia M. Daniels Tara L. Haynes Raymond P. Perry 《Research in higher education》2008,49(6):513-530
While a great deal of research has examined students’ critical thinking skills, less is known about students’ tendencies to
use these skills. Specifically, little is known about what factors contribute to students developing a disposition to think
critically or what impact this disposition has on college students’ academic achievement. Perceived control, which has been
found to be an important factor in college students’ academic success, may be an important factor in developing this disposition.
The current longitudinal study examined the reciprocal-effects between critical thinking disposition and perceived academic
control, and their comparative influences on academic achievement in 1196 first-year college students. Using a two-wave, two-variable
cross-lag structural equation model, a reciprocal-effect was found whereby students’ perceived academic control predicted
their subsequent critical thinking disposition, and students’ critical thinking disposition predicted their subsequent perceived
academic control. Furthermore, after controlling for high school academic performance, perceived academic control was found
to have a stronger impact on students’ GPAs than critical thinking disposition. Implications of fostering a critical thinking
disposition and perceived academic control among college students are discussed.
相似文献
Robert H. StupniskyEmail: |
4.
This survey study explored high school science teachers’ challenges and needs specific to their growing English language learning
(ELL) student population. Thirty-three science teachers from 6 English as a Second language (ESL)-center high schools in central
Virginia participated in the survey. Issues surveyed were (a) strategies used by science teachers to accommodate ELL students’
special needs, (b) challenges they experienced, and (c) support and training necessary for effective ELL instruction. Results
suggest that language barriers as well as ELL students’ lack of science foundational knowledge challenged teachers most. Teachers
perceived that appropriate instructional materials and pedagogical training was most needed. The findings have implications
for science teacher preservice and inservice education in regard to working with language minority students.
相似文献
Jacqueline T. McDonnoughEmail: |
5.
Matti E. Lindberg 《Higher Education》2009,58(3):339-358
This article addresses the question of how great are higher education students’ incentives to change study programs or institutions
to improve one’s personal employability in the course of the higher education-to-work transition process. The posed question
is addressed at a system level. Students’ mobility between programs and institutions is referred to as ‘student mobility’
and graduates’ mobility between jobs is referred to as ‘early career mobility.’ The relationship between these two separate
components of mobility is discussed in three different institutional frames: German/Finnish, Italian, and British. When depicting
the relationship between the two components of mobility, the article also considers parallel phenomena such as prolongation
of the degree-earning process and participation in work-life with student status. Indicator level analysis concerning graduates
of the year 2000 reveals important differences between the three institutional frames: in Germany and Finland, there is a
high level of student mobility at the basic degree level combined with a low level of career mobility after graduation; in
the UK the opposite transition logic than that of Germany and Finland occurs, and in Italy students demonstrate prolonged
transitions with little student mobility and early career mobility.
相似文献
Matti E. LindbergEmail: |
6.
Peter Riley Bahr 《Research in higher education》2009,50(7):691-714
Variables that address student enrollment patterns (e.g., persistence, enrollment inconsistency, completed credit hours, course
credit load, course completion rate, procrastination) constitute a longstanding fixture of analytical strategies in educational
research, particularly research that focuses on explaining variation in academic outcomes. However, nearly all measures of
enrollment patterns are handicapped by untested assumptions about a more fundamental measure, namely students’ rate of progress.
In this paper, I first explain how a variety of widely used measures of enrollment patterns are inextricably linked to students’
rate of progress. I then describe a method of modeling mathematically students’ rate of progress that employs hierarchical
(multilevel) discrete-time event history analysis of repeated events. I conclude with an empirical example of the application
of this method in which I test several hypotheses concerning students’ rate of progress through the remedial math sequence
toward the outcome of college-level math competency. In addition to the utility of the method that is proposed here, the issues
discussed in this paper have important practical implications for institutional research, particularly with respect to the
use of the various measures of enrollment patterns to explain variation in students’ attainment.
相似文献
Peter Riley BahrEmail: |
7.
The purpose of this study is to identify school factors that affect students’ achievements at the secondary and tertiary levels
of education. The analysis included data of 9,894 students who studied in Auckland regional secondary schools in 2004. The
results indicate that, although student demographic characteristics are associated with students’ pathways and achievements,
schools’ demographic composition did not affect student outcomes. It was found, however, that schools’ organisational factors
do have an effect. At the university level, none of the schools’ characteristics was related to students’ achievements at
the higher end of the achievement scale (GPA ≥ 4). However, students from private or state-integrated schools were found to
be more likely to achieve low GPA (<2) than students who came from state schools. In conclusion, it is suggested that interventions
targeting at-risk populations based on demographic factors should focus on individuals or groups rather than on institutions;
while school-based interventions should identify the schools by their structure and function rather than by their demographic
characteristics.
相似文献
Boaz ShulrufEmail: Email: |
8.
Eyvind Elstad 《Learning Inquiry》2008,2(1):53-71
Volitional issues are important in today’s classrooms where autonomous students are expected to manage school demands on their
own. A new kind of challenge has appeared with the advent of free Internet access in the classroom. Motivational conflicts
may therefore arise between (1) immediate rewards of electronic chatting, surfing, and games and (2) the long-term rewards
of academic achievement. Paradoxes of our educational system are emerging in the technology-rich classroom, for example, the
basic need of student autonomy versus dealing with constraints to regulate one’s own behaviour. The main purposes of this
article are, first, to discuss volitional issues on a theoretical level. Second, a field study is used to identify how students
are using volitional (or self-discipline) strategies in technology-rich laissez-faire classrooms. Third, how schools may design
institutional arrangements which can scaffold the student’s use of self-discipline strategies are discussed. The strategies
which are enumerated may contribute to school programs that are to build self-discipline. Understanding how to design institutional
features to influence students’ choices in directions that improve their academic achievement is one of the major challenges
in education.
相似文献
Eyvind ElstadEmail: |
9.
Sylvia Hurtado M. Kevin Eagan Nolan L. Cabrera Monica H. Lin Julie Park Miguel Lopez 《Research in higher education》2008,49(2):126-152
Using longitudinal data from the UCLA Cooperative Institutional Research Program (CIRP) and Your First College Year (YFCY)
surveys, this study examines predictors of the likelihood that science-oriented students would participate in a health science
undergraduate research program during the first year of college. The key predictors of participation in health science research
programs are students’ reliance on peer networks and whether campuses provide structured opportunities for first-year students
even though only 12% of freshmen in the sample engaged in this activity. These experiences are particularly important for
Black students. The findings inform efforts to orient students at an early stage, particularly under-represented minorities,
toward biomedical and behavioral science research careers.
相似文献
Sylvia HurtadoEmail: |
10.
Elisa L. Park 《Higher Education》2009,57(6):741-755
The purpose of this study is to understand the dynamics of Korean students’ international mobility to study abroad by using
the 2-D Model. The first D, the driving force factor, explains how and what components of the dissatisfaction with domestic higher education perceived by Korean students drives
students’ outward mobility to seek foreign higher education. The second D, the directional factor, describes the factors that influence the choice of destination country for students’ outward mobility, and is explained
by the comparison of Korean students’ perceptions on the images of universities in the U.S., China, the U.K., and Australia
and their expectations for higher education in each country (categorized as ‘academic’–‘environmental’). Two questionnaire
surveys were conducted to analyze the two D factors and the research findings were integrated into suggestions for each country’s
higher education institutions that can be incorporated into their recruitment strategies for international students.
相似文献
Elisa L. ParkEmail: |
11.
The Impact of Student Self-efficacy on Scientific Inquiry Skills: An Exploratory Investigation in River City, a Multi-user Virtual Environment 总被引:4,自引:3,他引:1
Diane Jass Ketelhut 《Journal of Science Education and Technology》2007,16(1):99-111
This exploratory study investigated data-gathering behaviors exhibited by 100 seventh-grade students as they participated
in a scientific inquiry-based curriculum project delivered by a multi-user virtual environment (MUVE). This research examined
the relationship between students’ self-efficacy on entry into the authentic scientific activity and the longitudinal data-gathering
behaviors they employed while engaged in that process. Three waves of student behavior data were gathered from a server-side
database that recorded all student activity in the MUVE; these data were analyzed using individual growth modeling. The study
found that self-efficacy correlated with the number of data-gathering behaviors in which students initially engaged, with
high self-efficacy students engaging in more data gathering than students with low self-efficacy. Also, the impact of student
self-efficacy on rate of change in data gathering behavior differed by gender. However, by the end of their time in the MUVE,
initial student self-efficacy no longer correlated with data gathering behaviors. In addition, students’ level of self-efficacy
did not affect how many different sources from which they chose to gather data. These results suggest that embedding science
inquiry curricula in novel platforms like a MUVE might act as a catalyst for change in students’ self-efficacy and learning
processes.
相似文献
Diane Jass KetelhutEmail: |
12.
Peer Coaching: Professional Development for Experienced Faculty 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The professoriate, as a whole, is growing older and more experienced; yet institutions often overlook the professional development
needs of mid-career and senior faculty. This article, based on a review of the literature and the development of a peer coaching
project, examines peer coaching as a professional development opportunity for experienced faculty that meets many of their
immediate needs and offers a variety of longer-term benefits to their institution. Six recommendations for creating a peer
coaching program emerge from the literature and the authors’ experience.
Therese A. Huston is the Director of the Center for Excellence in Teaching and Learning at Seattle University. She received her B.A. from Carleton College and her M.S. and Ph.D. in cognitive psychology from Carnegie Mellon University. Her research interests include faculty development and satisfaction, college teaching, diversity and social justice, and student learning. Carol L. Weaver is an associate professor in Adult Education at Seattle University’s College of Education. She received her B.S. Degree from Washington State University. Both her Master’s degree work (Oregon State University) and her Doctorate (The Ohio State University) focused on adult education. Her teaching and research focus on faculty development, course design, and workplace learning. 相似文献
Therese HustonEmail: |
Therese A. Huston is the Director of the Center for Excellence in Teaching and Learning at Seattle University. She received her B.A. from Carleton College and her M.S. and Ph.D. in cognitive psychology from Carnegie Mellon University. Her research interests include faculty development and satisfaction, college teaching, diversity and social justice, and student learning. Carol L. Weaver is an associate professor in Adult Education at Seattle University’s College of Education. She received her B.S. Degree from Washington State University. Both her Master’s degree work (Oregon State University) and her Doctorate (The Ohio State University) focused on adult education. Her teaching and research focus on faculty development, course design, and workplace learning. 相似文献
13.
14.
J. Martin Rochester 《Academic Questions》2007,20(4):366-369
In 2006, a bill was submitted in the Missouri Legislature designed to address issues raised during a lawsuit by a Missouri
State University social work student contesting requirements that Missouri public colleges and universities take steps to
insure tolerance of diverse perspectives in the classroom and on campus. Although the legislation did not pass, it motivated
university administrators among other measures to sponsor a forum on “intellectual diversity,” held on 11 October 2007 on
the University of Missouri–St. Louis campus. In his remarks as a faculty panelist, J. Martin Rochester makes five distinct
points about the realities and pitfalls of regulating tolerance and the true meaning of diversity on a college campus.
相似文献
J. Martin RochesterEmail: |
15.
16.
Most institutions of higher education allow students to drop or add courses in the first 2–3 weeks of each term (D&A). Arguing
that course cancellation is not merely an administrative issue involving enrollment trends but represents complex decision
making processes taken by students, this study investigated antecedents and correlates of course cancellation during a D&A
period in 109 elective courses. Student ratings of the teachers (SRT) and characteristics of the syllabi distributed in the
first class session were investigated as predictors of course cancellation. Rates of cancellation were significantly predicted
from SRT and from syllabus workload difficulty—lower quality teachers (SRT-based) and more difficult courses (syllabus-based)
being cancelled more frequently. Analysis of a sub-sample of truly elective, high-priority courses revealed that these correlations
were intensified in teacher-centered lecture courses, but nullified in student-centered seminar courses, in which students
write independent research papers. The importance of students’ course selection and course cancellation as decision making
processes, the methodology based on institutional data rather than students’ self-reports, and the unique effects of course
difficulty on students’ decisions were discussed.
相似文献
Elisha BabadEmail: |
17.
Quality Matters: Assessing the Impact of Attending More Selective Institutions on College Completion Rates of Minorities 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Tatiana Melguizo 《Research in higher education》2008,49(3):214-236
This paper examines the impact of attending different categories of selective institutions on students’ college completion.
Specifically, it explores differences in the impact that selectivity of an institution has by race and ethnicity. The analysis
accounts for the impact of individual and institutional characteristics and corrects for omitted variables with proxies for
student motivation. The results suggest that students who attend the most selective institutions and highly selective institutions,
as opposed to non-selective ones, are more likely to complete a bachelor’s degree. This result holds for African American
and Hispanic students. After correcting for the problem of sorting of students into specific types of institutions, the results
of the models suggest that the coefficient of selective institutions might have a small upward bias. The positive effect of
selective institutions on attainment suggests that they have the potential to increase the graduation rates of minorities
while narrowing the persistent college completion gap.
相似文献
Tatiana MelguizoEmail: |
18.
Various factors are making faculty leadership challenging including the rise in part-time and non-tenure-track faculty, the
increasing pressure to publish and teach more courses and adopt new technologies and pedagogies, increasing standards for
tenure and promotion, ascension of academic capitalism, and heavy service roles for women and people of color. This article
focuses on describing actions taken by institutional agents and aspects of campus environments which are supportive of grassroots
faculty leadership. While there are many conditions which inhibit faculty leadership (i.e., part-time and contingent faculty
trends, rising publication standards, etc.), our study demonstrated certain campus conditions or characteristics can overcome
the forces of change including counting leadership as service, creating campus networks, addressing dysfunctional department
dynamics, fostering role models, supporting faculty who question or challenge decisions, ensuring flexibility and autonomy,
and altering contingent faculty contracts to include service and leadership.
相似文献
Jaime LesterEmail: |
19.
Tania Smith 《Innovative Higher Education》2008,33(1):49-63
This article presents research and narratives on the integration of course-based peer learning assistants into seven courses.
A new curricular peer mentoring program was piloted in the 2005–2006 academic year in an interdisciplinary liberal arts college
at a large Canadian research university. Undergraduate students enrolled in a practicum course which supported their learning
while they collaborated with the “host instructor” of the course in which they served as peer mentor. Assistants’ roles varied
and included individual tutoring, help via email, online discussion facilitation, small group facilitation, in-class presentation
and discussion facilitation, and extracurricular study groups. Their integration into scheduled class activities resulted
in participating students’ perception of enhanced learning. Data included peer mentors’ assignments, host instructor feedback,
and student surveys.
Tania Smith is an Assistant Professor of Communications Studies in the Faculty of Communication at the University of Calgary, Canada. She received her Ph.D. in English in the Rhetoric and Composition program from Ohio State University and teaches rhetoric and professional communication. She researches the development of communities and individuals in advanced informal or experiential education, inquiry based learning, community service learning, collaborative learning and mentoring, and the rhetorical formation of eighteenth-century British women writers. She can be contacted at smit@ucalgary.ca Faculty of Communication and Culture, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada. 相似文献
Tania SmithEmail: |
Tania Smith is an Assistant Professor of Communications Studies in the Faculty of Communication at the University of Calgary, Canada. She received her Ph.D. in English in the Rhetoric and Composition program from Ohio State University and teaches rhetoric and professional communication. She researches the development of communities and individuals in advanced informal or experiential education, inquiry based learning, community service learning, collaborative learning and mentoring, and the rhetorical formation of eighteenth-century British women writers. She can be contacted at smit@ucalgary.ca Faculty of Communication and Culture, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada. 相似文献
20.
In the learning sciences, students’ understanding of scientific concepts has often been approached in terms of conceptual change. These studies are grounded in a cognitive or a socio-cognitive approach to students’ understanding and imply a focus on the
individuals’ mental representations of scientific concepts and ideas. We approach students’ conceptual change from a socio-cultural
perspective as they make new meaning in genetics. Adhering to a socio-cultural perspective, we emphasize the discursive and
interactional aspects of human learning and understanding. This perspective implies that the focus is on students’ meaning
making processes in collaborative learning activities. In the study, we conduct an analysis of a group of students’ who interact
while working to solve problems in genetics. In our analyses we emphasize four analytical aspects of the students’ meaning
making: (a) the students’ use of resources in problematizing, (b) teacher interventions, (c) changes in interactional accomplishments,
and (d) the institutional aspect of meaning making. Our findings suggest that students’ meaning making surrounding genetics
concepts relates not only to an epistemic concern but also to an interactional and an institutional concern.
Anniken Furberg is a PhD student in education at InterMedia, the University of Oslo. After earning a master’s degree in education at the University of Oslo (1998) she spent four years working as a researcher at Telenor R&I. She still has her position in Telenor R&I but performs her PhD work on a daily basis at InterMedia, the University of Oslo. Her research interests include the socio-cultural approach to collaborative learning, socio-scientific issues, computer-supported learning, and analyses of students’ and teachers’ classroom talk. Hans Christian Arnseth is an associate professor/research director at the Network for IT-Research and Competence in Education, University of Oslo. In 2004 he earned his PhD in education at the University of Oslo. He currently works with initializing and coordinating national and international research programs related to ICT in education. His research explores computer-supported collaborative learning, computer gaming and learning, and analyses of students’ classroom interaction. 相似文献
Anniken FurbergEmail: |
Anniken Furberg is a PhD student in education at InterMedia, the University of Oslo. After earning a master’s degree in education at the University of Oslo (1998) she spent four years working as a researcher at Telenor R&I. She still has her position in Telenor R&I but performs her PhD work on a daily basis at InterMedia, the University of Oslo. Her research interests include the socio-cultural approach to collaborative learning, socio-scientific issues, computer-supported learning, and analyses of students’ and teachers’ classroom talk. Hans Christian Arnseth is an associate professor/research director at the Network for IT-Research and Competence in Education, University of Oslo. In 2004 he earned his PhD in education at the University of Oslo. He currently works with initializing and coordinating national and international research programs related to ICT in education. His research explores computer-supported collaborative learning, computer gaming and learning, and analyses of students’ classroom interaction. 相似文献