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天才教育政策的开发与修订是天才教育计划实施的基础和关键。——Joyce VanTassel-Baska(乔伊斯·万塔斯尔-巴斯卡,美国威廉玛丽大学天才教育中心教育学教授和执行主任)天才教育与教育心理学与认知领域的发展一样,自产生之初就备受关注和争议。美国的哲学家们倾向于将天才教育纳入到教育公平、教育卓越 相似文献
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法国对天才儿童的教育基于公平和个性化的基本教育理念,对天才儿童的特殊培养源于帮助智力早熟儿童更好地适应学校生活。这样的教育理念避免其过度功利化,同时为选拔优质人才提供坚实基础。法国对天才儿童的选拔和培养均基于多元智力理论,从认知、社会情感和行为个性多维度考察,采取融合教学、根据学生特点分组教学以及加速制教学等教学方式培养天才儿童,同时以立法、教师培训、财政支持以及鼓励设立相应研究机构等形式保障天才儿童培养的科学有效推进。法国的天才儿童教育体系对其国家全面发展提供了重要的人才保障。 相似文献
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人们普遍认为天才儿童是儿童中的极少数，然而，根据国外最新研究成果表明，儿童在其早期就几经具备了一些超乎人们想象的认知行为和能力，这是对皮亚杰的儿童认知发展理论的又一有力挑战。根据这些新研究成果，我们认为天才儿童的培养不是不可能的，只要及时的、用科学的启发方式和培养手段，天才儿童的普遍塑造还是有可能的。 相似文献
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产生于上世纪60年代的美国天才搜索运动,对美国天才教育乃至普通学校教育都具有深刻的影响。当今,美国接受天才搜索教育的学生通常在本年龄段学生群体的测验中会取得前3%或5%的高分。天才搜索机构还为天才学生提供发展的教育资源。天才搜索机构对天才学生的加速教育取得了显著的成效。天才搜索机构与学校教学相结合,为具有超常才能的学生提供更好的教育。随着天才搜索教育理念在普通学校中的进一步推广,天才搜索教育未来的发展会使更多早慧学生获得接受高质量教育的机会。 相似文献
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现代美国天才教育发展的保障与困惑 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
美国的天才教育一直走在世界的前列。文章以二十一世纪为背景,介绍了美国天才教育发展的现状,包括各方力量是如何在政策、服务、研究、学习这四方面给予支持,来保障其发展的连贯性和稳定性。同时,本文也提及美国在天才教育领域发展中存在的问题．希望对我国的天才教育改革同时起到启发和提示作用。 相似文献
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培养拔尖创新人才是国家长远发展的大计,天才儿童是拔尖创新人才的重要来源。随着对人才认识的不断加深,世界各国开始重新认识天才儿童,其内涵不断丰富,由单维智力转为多维能力和才能,由关注静态能力转为关注个体与环境互动过程中能力的动态发展。我国素来重视天才儿童教育,新中国成立以来,对天才儿童教育的探索也历经积极探索时期和创新实践时期,并取得了一定的成效。如总结了科学化的鉴别标准和工具;探索了多样化的培养模式;培养了一批优秀人才。但目前我国的天才儿童教育还面临着缺乏新近独立自主知识产权的选拔测评系统,专业选拔和评价队伍有待提高,管理和保障制度不完善等挑战。在新时代,应进一步明确天才儿童教育的目标与原则,不断创新路径,推动我国天才儿童教育迈向新台阶。 相似文献
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印度作为世界上第二人口大国,一直将教育作为国家发展战略的重点,而追求卓越是印度教育战略的主题之一。印度在不同时期对于“天才儿童”有不同的理解。现代印度为天才儿童教育制定了一系列项目计划,如天才寻找计划、天才激励计划等。在天才的选拔和培养方面,印度大多通过私立学校、专门学校或举办奥林匹克竞赛等来开展。同时,印度也面临着天才儿童识别困难、天才教育缺乏创新及精英人才外流严重等挑战。 相似文献
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美国非常重视天才儿童的发展,并有完善的天才教育师资培训计划与之配套。20世纪后半叶以来,美国天才教育领域的研究生计划发展如火如荼,其中尤以康涅狄格大学最具代表性。本文详细介绍了康涅狄格大学设置天才教育领域研究生计划的背景;康涅狄格大学天才教育领域研究生计划的内容,包括博士学位计划和硕士学位计划;康涅狄格大学天才教育领域研究生计划的特色;及其对我国天才教育领域的从业者和教师培训提供的一些启示和借鉴。 相似文献
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Cognitive Development in Gifted Children: Toward a More Precise Understanding of Emerging Differences in Intelligence 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
To truly understand gifted performance, it is necessary to merge research on giftedness with current thinking in cognitive development and intelligence. This article presents traditional research on gifted children's cognitive development then considers how the application of newer models and theories from the field of cognitive development can be combined with research on giftedness to change the way people think about gifted performance. First four factors that have often been associated with giftedness are discussed from the perspectives of cognitive developmental psychology and gifted education. Next, emphasis is placed on investigating the strategic development of gifted children. Specifically, R. S. Siegler's (Emerging Minds: The Process of Change in Children's
Thinking, Oxford University Press, New York, 1996) model of strategy development is addressed in terms of what it may contribute to understanding gifted cognition. Finally, future lines of research using models from cognitive development and complex systems models of development are recommended. 相似文献
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Do gifted students adjust poorly to their social environment? There are currently two competing positions: one that sustains that giftedness is by itself a risk factor for social adaptation, and another that holds that high cognitive abilities involve distinctive features that are protective and hence increase individual resilience. Empirical support has been provided for both positions. This paper provides data from a study performed with 50 Spanish‐speaking gifted children and adolescents using a comparison group of 50 average‐ability peers matched by sex and chronological age. The results show no significant differences between gifted students and their peers on global measures of adjustment. Instead, they suggest that gifted students are neither significantly more poorly nor better adjusted than their peers during different age periods. Our analysis of the results provides moderate support for the resilience position. 相似文献
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天才儿童弱势群体特征的分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
天才被视为社会人力资源中的“富矿”,被社会寄予厚望。但一些天才儿童个体的辉煌成功掩盖了他们群体的不利处境,其弱势群体特征比起残疾儿童、贫困儿童来较为隐蔽,不易被识别与认同,这更加重其不利处境。本文分析了来自社会公众意识、教育服务、天才个体自身特点及科研成果的局限等方面的不利因素,讨论天才儿童在社会及教育中的弱势群体特征。 相似文献
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The article describes Israel’s approach to the education of gifted and talented children. It describes the programs for gifted and talented children in Israel and the process for selecting students for these programs. The method of selecting students for programs is consistent with the Ministry of Education’s definition of giftedness, the goals of the giftedness programs, and the characteristics of these programs. The selection method is affected by the standards required of the instruments as well as other constraints, such as the constraints on funding for this purpose.The author of this article is the director of the Szold Institute program for identifying gifted children. The project is funded by the Israeli Ministry of Education 相似文献
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David Yun Dai 《Psychology in the schools》2020,57(10):1514-1527
The history of giftedness pertains to historical changes regarding how giftedness is conceptualized and defined, and how it serves the practical purpose of identifying gifted children and providing them an appropriate education. The past century has witnessed debates and controversies about what constitutes this elusive human quality we deem “gifted.” Overall, it has undergone significant changes from monolithic, static to more pluralistic, dynamic conceptions. The first part of this article delineates historical changes in the past 100 years in our understanding of the nature and development of giftedness, followed by the second part on the changing ways we define, assess, and identify gifted children or gifted potential for intervention purposes. The final part of this article depicts a broad trend toward expanding gifted education to a wider range of students, with the understanding that gifts and talents are widely distributed in student populations, and the deliberate cultivation of human potential should not be confined to a selected few. 相似文献
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Sonja Laine 《High Ability Studies》2010,21(1):63-76
The purpose of this paper is to present the results of research in which the Finnish public discussion of giftedness and gifted children, and conceptions of giftedness and gifted children presented in it, were examined. The research was conducted by analyzing articles from the Finnish newspaper Helsingin Sanomat and the teachers’ periodical Opettaja, using the content analysis method. The results show that giftedness is seen as multidimensional, and both intrapersonal and environmental contributions are recognized as essential in talent development. The conceptions of gifted children were quite diverse, and gifted children’s possible problems were frequently discussed. Moreover, misunderstandings were revealed as well as areas that have not been adequately addressed. 相似文献
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Mimi Wellisch 《Roeper Review》2013,35(2):116-126
Although both giftedness and secure attachment are associated with advanced language and good socioemotional adjustment, not all gifted children are well adjusted. This article explores the consequences of attachment style on gifted development and examines whether early trauma can be rectified. The dearth of research on giftedness and attachment has necessitated the review of less direct evidence, including brain research and maternal depression. A partly empirical, partly conceptual picture is drawn to demonstrate that attachment styles can support, reduce, and even prevent giftedness. This is further illustrated by an experiment involving IQ scores that mimics the expected effects of early trauma and insecure attachment on test performance. The article concludes by suggesting that attachment style may contribute to a gifted spectrum. 相似文献
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Jessica K. Ottwein 《Psychology in the schools》2020,57(6):937-945
As culturally, linguistically, and economically diverse students continue to be underrepresented in gifted programs, the beliefs that frame teacher perceptions of giftedness remain an important area of focus. Literature indicates that a lack of gifted-specific coursework in teacher preparation programs may sustain ill-formed preconceptions regarding giftedness, leading new teachers to rely on bias and stereotypic thinking when nominating students for gifted identification. Furthermore, deficit thinking and colorblind racial attitudes may interfere with the implementation of culture-fair identification practices and the implementation of multicultural pedagogy meant to elicit unique strengths and engage culturally diverse students. This article explores these barriers to equitable programming and concludes with broad recommendations for school psychologists in advocating for traditionally underrepresented gifted students. 相似文献
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对天才学习不良学生的评估需要同时考虑天才与学习不良的标准,但由于天才学习不良的定义本身不清晰,使得对它的鉴定缺乏明确的标准。已有研究提出的标准主要涉及天才、能力一成绩差异和加工能力缺陷三个方面。目前对天才学习不良学生的鉴定主要是理论层面的探讨,实践研究很少。多数的研究主张综合运用多种方法来鉴定天才学习不良群体。未来的研究应集合天才领域与学习不良领域的专家,将对天才学习不良学生的诊断与干预结合起来,更好地为这一群体提供需要的服务。 相似文献
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Albert Ziegler 《High Ability Studies》2012,23(2):133-142
The commentaries to our target article Towards a systemic theory of gifted education differed in their assessments of the various arguments we put forward. Of the more than 40 responses to our target article, 27 responses were chosen as being representative of all commentaries. We grouped the responses according to the main points in our target article, including our claims that current approaches to gifted education are ineffective, current models of giftedness are generally flawed, and systemic models of giftedness represent an advancement in the way that giftedness can be understood. Next, we outlined a systems approach to gifted education, based on the actiotope model of giftedness as its theoretical foundation. Finally, we argued that the systemic theory of gifted education represents a paradigm shift in the way we view the development of exceptionality. 相似文献