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1.
C. Morag Hunter-Carsch 《Literacy》1990,24(2):76-91
This paper concerns University Tutors’and students’perceptions of essay-writing difficulties in examinations and on coursework, and how to improve essay-writing in the case of those with problems. It is assumed that an awareness of both Tutors’and students’expectations and attitudes to essays is necessary in order to understand what are considered to be‘faults’or problems and how best to improve the situation. On the basis of experience with students, teachers and workshop discussions with University colleagues, a framework for analysing types of problems and providing support, is offered. The framework differentiates between those problems mainly associated with form of writing and those associated with content. Within this broad classification the perceived‘faults’are related to apparent difficulties and these in turn regarded as suggesting areas of need or possibly underlying issues. The‘needs’are not necessarily 'special educational needs’but issues for both student and Tutor to tackle sensibly and positively, using relevant learning/ teaching strategies, some of which are listed and outlined. 相似文献
2.
The present paper examines the experiences of teachers in teaching children with special needs in mainstream schools and how they see and evaluate the feasibility of the new integration initiatives in Hong Kong. The data are based on individual and focus group interviews with general class teachers, resource class teachers and principals of mainstream schools admitting students with special needs. Teachers reported difficulties and problems in maintaining classroom discipline and ambivalence in meeting the competing demands between students with and without special needs. The structural constraints of implementing a rigidly defined curriculum and being accountable for good academic results regardless of student competence pose formidable obstacles in achieving the goals of integrated education. There is a conflict at the systemic level between the philosophy of academic excellence defined by grades on the one hand and the philosophy of equality and inclusion on the other. Improving parent participation, having an ample supply of funds, the provision of necessary equipment and facilities, the availability of pre‐ and in‐service training to teachers, and additional manpower in counselling are the most urgently needed resources in facilitating teachers to engage in teaching students with special needs alongside others. 相似文献
3.
Samuel E. Okon 《International journal for the advancement of counseling》1981,4(3):227-239
Summary Many teachers in our secondary schools, colleges and universities are aware of the developmental needs and concerns of the students. But they are unable to assist the students adequately in meeting their emotional, social, physical and educational needs because they are pre-occupied with teaching the academic school subjects for as many as five or six classes, each composed of thirty to fourty or more students. There is a great need for secondary schools colleges, and universities in Nigeria to run a genuinely comprehensive counselling service with qualified and responsible personnel. The needs, concerns of the students in particular, the changes in the institutions of learning, and the needs and concerns of our developing nation in general should be vitally considered when developing, extending and managing such a service. A functional school-, college- or university-wide counselling unit, with appropriate support from the administration, staff, students and the communities will help the individual student feel more competent to deal with his or her educational, vocational, social, personal and emotional concerns.Ahmadu Bello UniversityPaper presented at the Ninth International Round Table for the Advancement of Counselling. Thessaloniki, Greece, April 1980. 相似文献
4.
North Cooc 《Exceptionality》2018,26(2):63-80
The persistent racial and ethnic disparities in special education in the United States raise concerns about the potential misidentification of students. While previous studies have focused on how various student and school factors influence teacher decisions, there is less attention on when teachers disagree about student disability or special education. The current study uses national data from the Educational Longitudinal Study of 2002 to examine when teachers disagreed in their perception of student disability for more than 10,000 high school students. A unique feature of the data is each student is observed in two different subject classrooms, providing an opportunity to examine how differences in student achievement, behavior, and teacher characteristics influence when teachers disagreed in their judgment of student disability. The results indicate that teachers were more likely to disagree when student behavior varied across classrooms, while differences in student achievement and teacher characteristics were not related to disagreement. The study also found that teachers disagreed more for students who were Black, male, and from lower socioeconomic backgrounds. The main findings highlight how disability is often a context-dependent social construct and have implications for how students are identified for special education. 相似文献
5.
Dr Robin G. Smith 《Research in Science Education》1997,27(1):141-154
The subject knowledge primary teachers have as a basis for their teaching of science has become a major concern in preservice
and inservice education in many countries, including Australia, the UK and the USA. There are differing views among policy
makers, teacher educators and student teachers about precisely what primary teachers need to know and how they are best prepared
for teaching science. This article reports an investigation into the science content and pedagogic content knowledge of student
teachers a university in the UK. Many students said that when approaching a real teaching situation they would be able to
prepare themselves adequately by independent research using published sources. The data from this study revealed that half
the group of students were able to do so with guidance although their initial background knowledge of science was weak. Implications
for the preparation of primary student teachers are discussed. 相似文献
6.
关于普小教师与特教教师对有特殊教育需要学生随班就读态度的调查 总被引：12，自引：6，他引：6
从北京市普通小学和特殊学校中随机抽取了 1 88名教师进行问卷调查。结果表明 ,对有特殊教育需要的学生在普通班级随班就读的基本态度上 ,普小教师持赞同态度的人数百分比明显低于特教教师。教师对随班就读的态度不受教龄、性别及是否修读过特殊教育课程的影响。教师对有特殊教育需要学生在普通班级随班就读的主要忧虑是学生的学习能力较差、教师专业知识和经验不够 ,缺少时间和精力、同学关系、教学条件、家长配合、学生的行为问题、教师态度、以及相应的政策、人员编制、校领导的关心和支持等。 相似文献
7.
Beginning teachers in Queensland Catholic primary schools were surveyed before, during and after their first term of full‐time teaching practice in order to identify predominant concerns and professional‐development needs. Anticipatory concerns about personal adequacy dissipated quickly after teaching began, allowing concerns over student‐learning needs and class control to emerge. By the end of the first term, teachers were beginning to feel more confident and relaxed in their role. Most had maintained a preference for discovery/inquiry methods of teaching although issues such as students’ classroom behaviour, the availability of teaching resources and time pressures were beginning to exert an influence on their choice of teaching styles. The results are interpreted in the context of beginning teacher induction programmes, and recommendations are made regarding areas in which beginning teachers need particular assistance during their first teaching term. 相似文献
8.
Petra Lindemann‐Matthies Constantinos Constantinou Xenia Junge Karlheinz Köhler Jürgen Mayer Ueli Nagel 《Environmental Education Research》2009,15(1):17-37
In this article, we present results from an international research study on biodiversity education in pre‐service education of primary school teachers. The study was carried out between 2004–2006 in four teacher education institutions in Cyprus, England, Switzerland and Germany. We used document analyses and in‐depth interviews with 27 teacher educators and 22 student teachers to examine the integration of biodiversity into the pre‐service teacher education programmes, and the student teachers’ satisfaction with their respective education. In all teacher education institutions, aspects of biodiversity education were integrated mostly in the natural science modules which provided students at least with some information on the scientific aspects of biodiversity. Few modules included aspects of the controversial nature of biodiversity conservation in relation to economics, ethics, social and political concerns, and methodological approaches on how to deal with this. In the institutions in Cyprus, England and Germany the teaching focus was content‐oriented, whereas in Switzerland a situated method‐oriented approach was used. The student teachers in Switzerland felt more confident to teach about biodiversity in school. All interviewees thought it necessary to prepare primary school student teachers on how to address biodiversity in schools, and strategies on how best to achieve this are critically discussed. 相似文献
9.
Biology and chemistry instructors at 50 institutions within th North Carolina Community College System were surveyed concerning the types of courses they teach, the diversity of students in their courses, their own academic preparation, how they would have altered their academic preparation for their current position, their preceived value of secondary school teaching in their current position, and additional comments about preparation for teaching in the community college. Personel officers at these institutions were surveyed on degrees they require for hiring biology and chemistry instructors, additional qualifications they seek in instructors, and whether they believe secondary school teaching experience to be of benefit for someone considering a community college teaching position. Major concerns in hiring an instructor are a stong academic preparation in the teaching field and a second major or minor in a related science field. An additional concern is the ability to address the special needs of the diverse student population found in the community college setting. The instructors suggest that programs in science education can help teachers improve their instructional techniques, and 7 6% of the instructors who have taught in secondary schools indicate that this experience had been beneficial in their community college teaching. 相似文献
10.
This research introduces a method to construct a unified representation of teachers and students perspectives based on the actionable knowledge discovery (AKD) and delivery framework. The representation is constructed using two models: one obtained from student evaluations and the other obtained from teachers’ reflections about their teaching practice. We integrate both models into one that incorporates students’ opinions and teachers’ knowledge and meta-knowledge. This method provides a representation of a teacher’s best teaching practices where student perceptions are presented as patterns in the form of association rules. The representation adds actionability to association rules by demonstrating how students’ association rules are related between themselves and how they are related to teacher’s meta-knowledge. 相似文献
11.
This article details the transition of second career teachers to the workplace called ‘school’. Post‐baccalaureate students at a mid‐size comprehensive state university completed surveys pre‐ and post‐student teaching. Participants responded to the personal and professional challenges in changing careers. Issues faced by the non‐traditional students emerged. An increasing number of adults are changing careers and entering teacher certification programs. The study was conducted to discover the special challenges graduate teacher certification students encountered when leaving a career field and becoming novice teachers. Forty graduate students in the study completed an extensive certification program of courses related to the art and science of teaching. Open‐ended surveys were used for the students to reflect on personal and professional expectations prior to and following the student teaching semester. Teacher educators who address the needs of second career teachers, such as increasing field experiences, providing classroom management and time management strategies, may lead second career teachers to use the unique competencies they bring to the teaching–learning setting. 相似文献
12.
Pernilla Nilsson 《欧洲师范教育杂志》2009,32(3):239-258
The research reported in this paper is based on an exploration of the ways in which student teachers learn about the issues and concerns that shape their own professional learning. Shulman’s process of pedagogical reasoning and action was used as a conceptual framework to systematically elucidate different critical incidents that student teachers experienced and to then apply it as an analytic framework for developing deeper understandings of the complex task of learning to teach primary science. Primary science student teacher participants (n = 22) were stimulated to reflect upon critical incidents in order to facilitate identifying their teaching concerns and teaching needs. The results indicate that by helping student teachers to focus on critical incidents in their learning to teach, they come to question their practice more deeply and, through such reflection, gain new insights into teaching as being problematic. 相似文献
13.
Beginning teachers are confronted with many issues as they begin their teaching careers, issues, such as classroom management, individual differences, behaviour problems, dealing with parents, and so on. Many beginning teachers take professional development seminars in an attempt to deal with these and other issues. Professional development seminars, however, may not address the specific issues faced by beginning teachers but rather focus on approaches that are more global. In this paper, we argue that the best approach to professional development is through a collaborative action research model. By extending the partnerships established between student teachers, mentor teachers and university supervisors during student teaching into the beginning teachers' career, many of the everyday problems can be confronted within a supportive network. Several recommendations are offered for beginning and maintaining productive CAR relationships. 相似文献
14.
Many teachers in higher education use feedback from students to evaluate their teaching, but only some use these evaluations to improve their teaching. One important factor that makes the difference is the teacher’s approach to their evaluations. In this article, we identify some useful approaches for improving teaching. We conducted focus groups with award-winning university teachers who use student evaluations to improve their teaching, and we identified how they approach their evaluation data. We found that these teachers take a reflective approach, aiming for constant improvement, and see their evaluation data as formative feedback, useful for improving learning outcomes for their students. We summarise this as the improvement approach, and we offer it for other teachers to emulate. We argue that if teachers take this reflective, formative, student-centred approach, they can also use student evaluations to improve their teaching, and this approach should be fostered by institutions to encourage more teachers to use student evaluations to improve their teaching. 相似文献
15.
Special education and subject teachers’ self‐perceived readiness to teach mathematics to low‐performing middle school students 
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下载免费PDF全文 Ulrika Ekstam Johan Korhonen Karin Linnanmäki Pirjo Aunio 《Journal of Research in Special Educational Needs》2018,18(1):59-69
Educational reforms during the last decade have led to a more inclusive environment for students with different needs and have placed demands on teachers’ readiness to instruct diverse students in the general classroom. Previous research has ascertained that student achievement is correlated with teacher quality and teachers’ efficacy beliefs. Today, basic competence in mathematics is more important than ever for managing routine day‐to‐day activities and therefore, identifying and educationally supporting students with low performance in mathematics is necessary. The aim of the study was to investigate the perceived teacher efficacy beliefs of special education and mathematics teachers when teaching mathematics to low‐performing middle school students. Results indicated that special education teachers had higher teacher efficacy beliefs than mathematics teachers. Teacher experience, certification or gender had no effect on teachers’ efficacy beliefs. Furthermore, subject teachers reported high pedagogical knowledge for teaching low‐performing students, and special education teachers reported having moderate mathematical subject knowledge. 相似文献
16.
特殊教育教师资格制度的比较研究 总被引：15，自引：0，他引：15
特殊教育教师是教育中不可或缺的师资.国际上对特殊教育教师普遍采取"教师资格证书 特殊教育专业资格证书"的双证书资格制度.在教师职前培养和在职培训中规定必修的特殊教育专业学分.建立中国特色的特殊教育教师资格制度需要研究和处理四个关系:义务教育教师与非义务教育教师的关系,特教师范专业与非特教师范专业毕业生的关系,特殊学校专业课教师与专业技术人员的关系,特殊学校(班)教师与普通学校随班就读教师的关系. 相似文献
17.
Noel Purdy 《欧洲特需教育杂志》2013,28(3):323-330
This study considers the reasons why so few male student teachers are entering the special education sector. This comes as recent statistics reveal that the percentage of male teaching staff in special education in Northern Ireland is much lower than in England. The article first critically considers the international literature on male students’ perceptions of entering the teaching profession. The study then examines the opinions of the post‐primary student cohort at one major initial teacher education institution in Northern Ireland and contrasts male and female responses in terms of students’ confidence in their knowledge of special educational needs and their relative willingness to consider specialising in this area. The study reveals significant differences in the cohort between male and female students’ perceptions, and through individual interviews it explores further the reasons why male students are reluctant to specialise in special educational needs. 相似文献
18.
Jonas Flodén 《Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education》2017,42(7):1054-1068
Receiving feedback from students has become a normal part of life for university teachers worldwide. This puts pressure on them from several sides and may be an influential factor that leads them to tailor their teaching to students’ preferences. The aim of this study was to investigate teachers’ perceptions of student feedback and how it affects their teaching choices. A survey was sent out to all teachers at the School of Business, Economics and Law at the University of Gothenburg, Sweden. The study found that student feedback is perceived positively by university teachers, has a large impact on their teaching and helps improve courses. Student feedback pushes teaching in the direction of fewer lectures and more tutorials, seminars and case studies. Teachers receiving negative student feedback experience more negative feelings related to the feedback, and are also more likely to introduce unjustified changes to their teaching in order to please students. These teachers also tend to have less teaching experience. However, a very large majority of teachers have a high level of professional pride and integrity and do not make (as they perceive them) unjustified changes to their teaching. 相似文献
19.
To improve the quality of teaching, educational accountability needs to include periodic external evaluations of students’ performance. This requires evaluation formats which support the development of the educational process and provide information which is understandable for teachers. The aims of this study were to review: (i) how teachers understand the feedback they receive from external evaluations; (ii) how they use the feedback; and (iii) how teachers’ understanding and use of such feedback affects the achievement of their students. None of the papers included contained simultaneous a study with all three of these aspects of external evaluations; the review shows that teachers have many problems understanding feedback and mainly focus their use of it on developing strategic teaching tactics. Research that focuses on teachers’ understanding of external evaluation, their use of it, and how the use of the feedback can foster student achievement is needed. 相似文献
20.
Phyllis E. Horne 《International Journal of Inclusive Education》2013,17(3):273-286
This qualitative study was designed to investigate teachers’ perceptions of the impact of inclusion of children with special needs on their classes. Twenty participants were randomly selected from the 25 teachers who had volunteered for the study. These teacher participants completed a survey which was composed of 62 items dealing with attitudes and perceptions, incentives for encouraging inclusion, and concerns from a classroom perspective. From these 20 participants, five teachers were then randomly selected for interviews. Findings revealed that some of the teachers’ primary concerns were planning time, meeting the needs of all students, and ongoing professional development to respond effectively to the increasingly diverse needs of students in the classroom. 相似文献