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1.
"Clean Energies Facing the Future," a cooperative research program jointly organized by CAS and the BP Group, has made encourag-  相似文献   

2.
《科研管理》2012,33(5)
基于全要素生产理论,利用数据包络分析（DEA）方法构建非参数前沿,在共同前沿方法框架下分析比较2000-2007年中国全要素能源效率的区域差异,并利用＂技术缺口比率（TGR）＂定量考察中国区域能源利用的技术差距。结果表明：样本期间内中国全要素能源效率整体水平偏低,在全国共同前沿下的均值仅为0.688,维持既定经济产出的节能空间达到31.2%;从区域角度来看,中国能源技术存在显著差异,其中东部地区接近全国最优水平,样本期内TGR始终维持在0.95以上,而中、西部地区距离全国潜在最优能源技术还分别存在18.6%和26.6%的改进潜力,三大区域之间的能源技术差距有进一步扩大的危险。  相似文献   

3.
CAS and the BP Group, one of the world’s largest oil, gas and petrochemical companies, have jointly announced that they will co-establish a Clean Energy Commercialization Center (CECC). The Memoran-  相似文献   

4.
16 October, 2005 was a day of celebration for the Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion (GIEC), CAS, as its technology of biomass gasification and power generation (BGPG) was chosen  相似文献   

5.
16 October, 2005 was a day of celebration for the Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion(GIEC), CAS, as its technology ofbiomass gasification and power generation (BGPG) was chosen by an evaluation panel of the United Nations Industrial Development Organization as one of the 10 top investment scenarios to apply new technologies for renewable energy utilization.  相似文献   

6.
The joint launching ceremony for the Research and Development Center for Energy Plants, the CAS Institute of Botany （IBCAS）, and the R＆D Laboratory for Sweet Sorghum co-established by IBCAS and the Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory （TLL） in Singapore was held on 10 December at IOB in Beijing.  相似文献   

7.
In order to introduce a sustainable energy system to support China’s socio-economic development in the coming three to five decades, a strategic blueprint must be mapped out based  相似文献   

8.
An energy report entitled Lighting the Way: Toward a Sustainable Energy Future by the InterAcademy Council (IAC), and the other one entitled Addressing the Challenge: Devel-  相似文献   

9.
An energy report entitled Lighting the Way. Toward a Sustainable Energy Future by the InterAcademy Council (IAC), and the other one entitled Addressing the Challenge: Developing a Sustainable Energy System by CAS, were jointly released recently. The Sustainable Energy Forum: Panel Discussions on IAC/CAS Energy Reports, organized by CAS and held in Beijing on the afternoon of 22 October 2007, attracted around 50 distinguished participants, including senior governmental leaders, experts, and industrial representatives from both domestic and foreign energyrelated organizations.  相似文献   

10.
In this paper, a finite-horizon H∞ consensus control problem is studied for multi-agent systems under the limited energy constraint. Due to the limited energy, only a part of agents can use high energy to transmit information infallibly, and the remaining agents are randomly allocated low energy with several levels, which may lead to packet loss in some sense. Different levels result in different packet dropout probability. The purpose of this paper is to design a probability-dependent controller such that, for all probabilistic energy allocation and packet dropout, the H∞ consensus performance can be guaranteed for multi-agent systems over a finite horizon. To this end, a stochastic and high-availability energy allocation method is first presented via stratified multi-objective optimization methods and stochastic analysis methods. Based on this novel allocation, a H∞ consensus controller depending on the varying energy allocation is established. Furthermore, in terms of the probability information of both energy allocation and packet dropout, important results are obtained to guarantee the desired performance of the designed probability-dependent controller, and the controller are explicitly parameterized by means of the solutions to a set of linear matrix inequalities. Finally, a simulation example is utilized to illustrate the usefulness of the proposed controller design method.  相似文献   

11.
An international consortium for clean energy (ICCE) has recently been established, consisting of the US Pacific Northwest National  相似文献   

12.
On 12 October, 2007, an agreement on the construction of a stand-alone renewable energy (RE) system at the Dangan Island was inked between the CAS Guangzhou Institute of Energy Con-  相似文献   

13.
《Research Policy》2019,48(10):103694
Citizens are the target group of sustainability policies, and their acceptance and subsequent behavioral change are key in transition processes. But what drives citizens to accept new instruments that will be added to a pre-existing instrument mix? To answer this question, we suggest an innovative combination of sustainability transitions and social acceptance research, and examine the case of Swiss energy turnaround. We rely on data from a representative sample of the Swiss resident population. By estimating logistic multi-response models, we disentangle individual and context-related factors that drive instrument preferences in a instrument mix situation. We conclude that it is mainly individual factors (values in favor of nuclear phasing out and climate mitigation) that positively impact the acceptance of instruments that promote the larger energy transitions through renewables. Additionally, the self-contribution of citizens (energy pro-sumers) seems to shape preferences more than current policies of their own jurisdiction.  相似文献   

14.
Under the auspices of the Academic Divisions of CAS (CASAD), a panel of experts recently completed a consultative project on the medium- and long-term development strategy for petroleum supplements and alternative energy sources in China.  相似文献   

15.
Kantak C  Zhu Q  Beyer S  Bansal T  Trau D 《Biomicrofluidics》2012,6(2):22006-220069
Here, we utilize microfluidic droplet technology to generate photopolymerizeable polyethylene glycol (PEG) hydrogel microbeads incorporating a fluorescence-based glucose bioassay. A microfluidic T-junction and multiphase flow of fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran, tetramethyl rhodamine isothiocyanate concanavalin A, and PEG in water were used to generate microdroplets in a continuous stream of hexadecane. The microdroplets were photopolymerized mid-stream with ultraviolet light exposure to form PEG microbeads and were collected at the outlet for further analysis. Devices were prototyped in PDMS and generated highly monodisperse 72?±?2 μm sized microbeads (measured after transfer into aqueous phase) at a continuous flow rate between 0.04 ml/h-0.06 ml/h. Scanning electron microscopy analysis was conducted to analyze and confirm microbead integrity and surface morphology. Glucose sensing was carried out using a F?rster resonance energy transfer (FRET) based assay. A proportional fluorescence intensity increase was measured within a 1-10 mM glucose concentration range. Microfluidically synthesized microbeads encapsulating sensing biomolecules offer a quick and low cost method to generate monodisperse biosensors for a variety of applications including cell cultures systems, tissue engineering, etc.  相似文献   

16.
Here, we utilize microfluidic droplet technology to generate photopolymerizeable polyethylene glycol (PEG) hydrogel microbeads incorporating a fluorescence-based glucose bioassay. A microfluidic T-junction and multiphase flow of fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran, tetramethyl rhodamine isothiocyanate concanavalin A, and PEG in water were used to generate microdroplets in a continuous stream of hexadecane. The microdroplets were photopolymerized mid-stream with ultraviolet light exposure to form PEG microbeads and were collected at the outlet for further analysis. Devices were prototyped in PDMS and generated highly monodisperse 72 ± 2 μm sized microbeads (measured after transfer into aqueous phase) at a continuous flow rate between 0.04 ml/h—0.06 ml/h. Scanning electron microscopy analysis was conducted to analyze and confirm microbead integrity and surface morphology. Glucose sensing was carried out using a Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) based assay. A proportional fluorescence intensity increase was measured within a 1–10 mM glucose concentration range. Microfluidically synthesized microbeads encapsulating sensing biomolecules offer a quick and low cost method to generate monodisperse biosensors for a variety of applications including cell cultures systems, tissue engineering, etc.  相似文献   

17.
In recent decades, with the rapid development of the knowledge economy and science, countries have embraced technical innovation and have gradually increased investment in research and development (R&D). A vast literature indicates that the relationship between R&D and firm performance is highly complex. The evidence suggests that R&D positively influences firm performance, yet findings on the process by which this happens are mixed. Rigorous analyses are required on how R&D investments affect energy consumption. This study explores the impact of R&D investment on the performance and energy consumption of 476 firms in Ethiopia by employing a combination of fixed-effect, propensity score matching, and endogenous treatment effect estimation methods. The empirical results reveal that investment in R&D positively influences both innovation and long-term financial performance but negatively impacts short-term financial performance and energy consumption. The results also show that the impacts of R&D activities vary significantly across different categories of firms, confirming that heterogeneity may be an issue among the firms considered. The results also indicate that the availability of credit is a more important moderating factor in the relationship between R&D investment and firm performance than the legal system is. These results have important implications for firms with growing R&D operations, especially those in developing countries such as Ethiopia. Ethiopian firms should invest more in R&D activities, such as in fundamental and applied research, to improve performance and enhance competitiveness.  相似文献   

18.
《Research Policy》2019,48(10):103668
Policies and politics are crucial elements of sustainability transitions. Transition pathways unfold as a result of continuous struggles of actors over policy goals and instruments. Taking a policy mix perspective, we study policies and policy preferences of key industry actors in the ongoing energy transition at the level of the European Union. We introduce two central analytical dimensions for transition pathways: the degree of sustainability (here: renewable energy ambition) and the degree of disruption (here: whether to pursue centralized or decentralized energy system configurations). We find that the current EU energy policy mix is heterogeneous with respect to the issue of (de-)centralization, whereas most policies and actors express high or moderate ambitions for renewable energy. Our paper makes three contributions. It demonstrates how actors and policy preferences can be explicitly included in the study of policy mixes. To the literature on transition pathways, we introduce sustainability as another key dimension in addition to disruption. Lastly, we propose a novel methodology for analyzing the politics of transition pathways.  相似文献   

19.
The reports in the literature on effects of diabetes on mitochondrial energy-linked functions are conflicting. Hence we carried out systematic studies to evaluate the effects at the early and the late stages of the disease using STZ-diabetic rat as a model. At the end of one week, after induction of diabetes, respiration rates with glutamate and succinate as the substrates increased; respiration rates with other substrates e.g. β-hydroxybutyrate, pyruvate + malate and ascorbate + TMPD were not affected despite substantial decrease in the β-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase activity and cytochrome b and c+c1 contents. Insulin treatment brought about increase in the cytochrome contents beyond control values. The ATPase activity was generally low in the diabetic animals and was not restored by insulin treatment. At the end of one month, the respiratory activities with all the substrates were generally low. Insulin treatment either restored or stimulated the respiration rates beyond control values. The content of cytochromes was differentially affected in the diabetic animals, but insulin treatment caused significant increase beyond control levels. The pattern for ATPase activity was similar to the early effects. At both the stages i.e. early and late stages of diabetes the mitochondria were tightly coupled. The ADP/O ratios were in normal expected ranges and the respiratory control ratios were comparable with the control groups. Insulin treatment resulted in apparent restoration of respiratory activity. However, the effects on the cytochromes and dehydrogenases activities were differential. Taken together the two observations would suggest that the mitochondria were not re-instated to normality despite apparent restoration of respiratory function.  相似文献   

20.
《Research Policy》2019,48(10):103557
Complex societal or environmental problems require fast and substantial socio-technical transitions. For instance, in the case of climate change, these transitions need to take place in the energy, transport and several industry sectors. To induce and accelerate such transitions, numerous policy interventions are required, which interact with each other in policy mixes. While several conceptual studies on policy mixes have been published recently, there is very little empirical research apart from single case or small-n studies. It has been prominently argued that the debate about policy mixes has reached an impasse partly due to this lack of empirical work. This paper addresses this gap by providing a first analysis of the temporal dynamics of complex policy mixes. To do so, we develop a conceptualization and measurement of policy mix balance across instrument types as well as policy mix design features (in the form of intensity as a general and technology specificity as a technology-focused design feature). This allows us to answer the question how temporal dynamics of policy mixes differ between countries regarding their balance and design features. Our measurement approach is developed bottom-up, i.e., policies are assessed individually and then aggregated systematically at the policy mix level. This enables overcoming the ‘dependent variable problem in the study of policy change’, i.e., the problem of measuring policy output. More specifically, we develop a comparative dataset of 522 renewable energy policies in nine OECD countries. Our analysis shows that countries’ policy mix dynamics vary strongly regarding some variables (e.g., technology specificity) but less regarding others (e.g., balance). As a validity check, we also test the effects of these mix dynamics on policy outcome in the form of renewable energy technology diffusion. We reflect our findings in light of the theoretical debates around policy mixes and policy design and discuss how our results provoke an agenda for the new generation of research on policy mixes. We specifically discuss avenues for future research with a particular focus on the ‘politics of policy mixes’.  相似文献   

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