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1.
Nirit Reichel 《History of education》2013,42(1):9-28
The founding fathers of the new Jewish community in Eretz Yisrael (the Land of Israel, or Palestine) as well as many philosophers, public figures, educators and authors both in Israel and in the Diaspora were preoccupied with the image of the new Israeli Hebrew. The educational system was seen as an instrument to create the ‘new Hebrew’ (identifying with the ancient Hebrews) and to instil new values and behaviours in the young Palestinian‐born generation. During the first three decades (1981–1914) of Jewish education in Palestine, the typical teacher had neither pedagogical training nor prior experience in education, lacked the vocabulary for teaching subjects in Hebrew, and was familiar only with educational systems that differed from the one that she/he dreamed of creating. Individual teachers had no contact with one another and no institutionalised support system. They worked as ‘lone soldiers’, contending with a severe shortage of reference books, textbooks and reading material, struggling with the necessity to create a curriculum and set its priorities, and to translate and prepare material. Yet despite these tremendous difficulties, many educators did manage to realise their educational aims. What characterised these early teachers? What were the difficulties they faced? How did they manage to achieve their aims? This article attempts to answer these and other relevant questions. 相似文献
2.
Yenming Zhang 《Asia Pacific Journal of Education》1995,15(1):14-20
This article is the result of a research review of Chinese-American students' academic performance. The key research questions are: 1) How are Asian students, especially Chinese-American students, doing academically in the United States compared with other American students? 2) How do they do well and why do they excel? 3) What are the main factors that contribute to their outstanding performance? In answering these questions, endeavours and attempts are made to explain reasons why they are doing well and to provide findings in search of factors affecting their advantages. The major purposes are to present to Singaporean and other Asian students the lessons they can learn from Chinese-American students to succeed academically and socially. 相似文献
3.
Martin Niss 《International Journal of Science Education》2013,35(5):697-719
Modelling is a significant aspect of doing physics and it is important how this activity is taught. This paper focuses on the explicit or implicit messages about modelling conveyed to the student in the treatments of phase transitions in statistical mechanics textbooks at beginning graduate level. Five textbooks from the 1930s to the present are analysed with respect to their messages about the following issues: What is a good model? What is the purpose of modelling? What does it mean to understand a natural phenomenon? It is argued that these texts give the student quite different perceptions of these issues and thus what of it means to do physics. 相似文献
4.
The concepts of physical and chemical change have been treated in a variety of ways in textbooks. In this study 527 chemistry/science textbooks from a variety of countries and written at different levels of education were examined to see how they dealt with the topic of physical and chemical change. Textbooks have continued to cover this topic for over one hundred years. What evidence do textbooks contain about the purposes and methods of teaching this topic? Is its coverage in textbooks increasing or decreasing? When was physical and chemical change first taught and is it still appropriate to teach this topic? These and other related questions are considered in the paper. 相似文献
5.
在田纳西·威廉斯的剧作《欲望号街车》中,布兰奇和史黛拉是一母所生的同胞姐妹,但却有着不同的人格和爱情观。她们都渴望爱情,追求爱情,但她们的爱情故事都以失败结尾。通过分析她们在爱情中的心态、遭遇以及其悲剧结局,不难看出,过分依赖男性是她们共同的悲剧根源。 相似文献
6.
James P. Smith 《Economics of Education Review》1981,1(4):421-436
What distinguishes economically successful American men from those less fortunate? How critical to their success were their parents, their being academically more adept, attending college, or having the right personality? These are the questions asked, and partially answered, in this useful new book by Christopher Jencks and eleven associates. Who Gets Ahead also represents a reevaluation of the conclusions presented in an earlier volume, Inequality, that had the same senior author. Although the chapters are markedly uneven in quality, we are offered here an impressive collection of well-documented and carefully executed empirical studies. Taken together, they span the main themes that have preoccupied scholarly research on intergenerational mobility and status attainment. 相似文献
7.
《Chinese Education & Society》2013,46(5):34-52
This subject was at first one of the topics selected for my assignment "Gender and Education." After the teacher told us in class about some of the gender problems that exist in teaching materials, a light seemingly lit up before our eyes: How was it that there were such problems in the language teaching materials that had commanded so much "respect"? We had never noticed or suspected such problems. At the time, the teacher did not say what direct effects these problems had on children, but examined teaching materials from the perspective of feminism supported by many theoretical backgrounds. Since I have always loved children, I like to listen to their voices, am highly interested in their ways of thinking, and am often curious about such things. On top of that, the qualitative (zhi xing) research methods I had once learned gave me confidence that I could convincingly present these interesting things; they were not absurd, and perhaps people could find value in them. Hence, I had a strong desire to know how children saw their language teaching materials. How far from or how close are the children to their textbooks? What do they see in them? Have the gender issues in the teaching materials come to the attention of children? How do these affect elementary school students? We wished to bring attention to the ways teaching materials affected children's gender concepts. 相似文献
8.
Astrid Pettersson 《Educational Studies in Mathematics》1991,22(5):439-450
The main purpose of this study was to analyse how pupils, differing in achievement levels in mathematics, performed operations with numbers and solved mathematical problems. What strategies did they use in different grades when they performed the operations and solved the problems correctly, and what types of errors were involved when they solved an item incorrectly? What types of errors disappear and what types of errors remain at a later grade? Five groups of pupils, comprising a total number of 900, who have shown different developments in mathematical achievement from grades 3 to 6 have been studied. When the pupils solved items correctly they used the same strategies irrespective of their total results. However, when they made errors they used a number of different strategies. The results of this study implicate that it is very essential that the teaching be individualised and built upon how the pupils think when solving mathematical problems. 相似文献
9.
Nelleke Bakker 《Paedagogica Historica: International Journal of the History of Education》2014,50(1-2):213-228
This article discusses the transition from philosophy to psychology as the main source of inspiration for education during the mid-twentieth century in the Netherlands, situated between Germany in the east and the English-speaking world in the west. Claims have been made that educational theory in the Netherlands was dominated by German philosophy before 1945 and subsequently turned westward for inspiration. The transnational transfer of ideas and concepts to the Netherlands is studied using textbooks on childhood and education for teachers-to-be, published between 1925 and 1970, as sources. Did the Dutch indeed turn from the east to the west for inspiration, and if so when and along the lines of which theories? This article shows that the authors of the textbooks did not simply copy theories from abroad, but gave them a reading of their own and selected what they liked. A shift from the east to the west as a source of inspiration did not occur before the 1970s. Developmentalism, personalism, phenomenology, characterology and individual psychology were all imported from German-speaking countries. It is true that some of these theories were brought to the west as their founders fled Nazism, but that does not undo their continental European origins. 相似文献
10.
衡量高校教材质量的优劣 ,应从教材的思想性、科学性、启发性、适合我国情况的先进性和教学上的适用性等这“五性”进行分析。认识和理解“五性”与质量关系 ,坚持“五性”标准 ,才能保证和提高教材质量 ,为提高教学质量提供可靠的教材保障。 相似文献
11.
Christina Siry 《Cultural Studies of Science Education》2014,9(2):297-304
In this forum paper, I respond to issues raised by Kristina Andersson and Annica Gullberg in their article titled What is science in preschool and what do teachers have to know to empower children? (2012). I seek to continue the discussion begun with Andersson and Gullberg’s paper, by further exploring the questions they introduce to guide their paper: “What is science in preschool?” and “What do teachers have to know to empower children?” In particular, I elaborate on the value of drawing on multiple perspectives and different epistemological frameworks, and I argue for the need for a reconceptualized notion of science as a school discipline; one that acknowledges the multifaceted ways in which young children engage in science. 相似文献
12.
《Journal of Language, Identity & Education》2013,12(1):25-46
This article introduces a new analytical approach to the study of identity options offered in foreign and second language textbooks. This approach, grounded in poststructuralist theory and critical discourse analysis, is applied to 2 popular beginning Russian textbooks. Two sets of identity options are examined in the study: imagined learners (targeted implicitly by the texts) and imagined interlocutors (invoked explicitly). It is argued that, while one text, Russian Stage 1, offers a richer variety of identity options for the students, neither book fully reflects the diversity of contemporary Russian society. The biases and oversimplifications identified in the texts represent lost opportunities for cross-cultural reflection; they may also negatively affect the students and deprive them of important means of self-representation and at times even self-defense. The discussion suggests some directions for future research inquiry, as well as for material writing and classroom practice that would promote intercultural competence and critical language awareness. Key words: identity, critical pedagogy, foreign language textbooks, Russian 相似文献
13.
Photographs are a major aspect of high school science textbooks, which dominate classroom approaches to teaching and learning. It is thus surprising that the function of photographs and their relation to captions and texts have not been the topic of analysis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence, function, and structure of photographs in high school science. Our motivating research question was, “What can students learn from textbooks when they study photographs?” To answer this and several subordinate questions, we selected and analyzed four Brazilian biology textbooks. We focus on the use of photographs and the relation among them, various types of texts, and the subject matter presented. Our analysis reveals that the structural elements of text, caption, and photographs and the relations among them differ across the textbooks and at times even within the same book. This, of course, will influence readers' interpretations of the photographs changing their role in the text. The results of our study have implications for textbook authors and textbook readers. We suggest that future studies may focus on students' and teachers' interpretation of photographs in real time. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 40: 1089–1114, 2003 相似文献
14.
王群 《黑龙江教育学院学报》2012,(6):174-177
词汇作为语言的基础,在俄语学习中发挥着极为重要的作用,而完善教材的词汇结构设计,成为完善教材的重要内容。以俄语界普遍使用的两本教材为依托,从其中的词汇特点入手,分析两本教材的利弊并提出对今后编教材的一些建议,以期今后编辑出版更适合现代学生需求的《俄语》教材。 相似文献
15.
Min Liu Jina Kang Mengwen Cao Mihyun Lim Yujung Ko Ryan Myers 《The American journal of distance education》2013,27(3):147-159
This study examined participants’ learning experiences in the context of a six-week massive open online course (MOOC) in journalism with five thousand students from 137 countries. Three research questions were asked: (1) Who are the students and why are they enrolled in this MOOC?, (2) How much time have the students spent in taking this MOOC and have they completed all the assignments?, and, (3) What have they learned and what aspects of this MOOC do the students find most helpful? Four hundred and nine students responded to a survey and forty-four responded to interview questions. The main findings showed 84% of the participants were working professionals and only 28.9% were from a journalism background. Of those who did not complete the course, lack of time was the top reason. Most participants reported a positive learning experience, but lack of feedback and/or poor quality were reported as negative experiences. The discussion forum was the least liked aspect of the course. 相似文献
16.
Identifying the Causes of DIF in Translated Verbal Items 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Avi Allalouf Ronald K. Hambleton Stephen G. Sireci 《Journal of Educational Measurement》1999,36(3):185-198
Translated tests are being used increasingly for assessing the knowledge and skills of individuals who speak different languages. There is little research exploring why translated items sometimes function differently across languages. If the sources of differential item functioning (DIF) across languages could be predicted, it could have important implications on test development, scoring and equating. This study focuses on two questions: “Is DIF related to item type?”, “What are the causes of DIF?” The data were taken from the Israeli Psychometric Entrance Test in Hebrew (source) and Russian (translated). The results indicated that 34% of the items functioned differentially across languages. The analogy items were the most problematic with 65% showing DIF, mostly in favor of the Russian-speaking examinees. The sentence completion items were also a problem (45% D1F). The main reasons for DIF were changes in word difficulty, changes in item format, differences in cultural relevance, and changes in content. 相似文献
17.
马楚坚 《韩山师范学院学报》2008,29(2)
潮人蹈海异邦,将其所赚金钱如何通过银行以外而白成系统的侨批行业,用“批”寄回家乡赡养家眷;侨批行业怎样分作潮帮、闽帮、粤帮;潮批于战时前后寄回潮汕地区有何不同;战时前后如何由不与银行汇通而结合为侨汇流通之发展;侨批汇款对潮汕贸易平衡有何作用,素来少人关注,该文就此而综合资料,一一予以初探,将其发展历史重现。 相似文献
18.
Miriam Heller Stern 《Journal of Jewish Education》2013,79(2):141-142
This article examines 10 textbooks used in Jewish religion classes in Russian high schools in the final decades of the 19th century. The textbooks reveal an expectation of a low level of Hebrew background, an interest in promoting the practice of prayer, and two distinct approaches to teaching Judaism. While some of the books introduce students to their religion through Biblical or later Jewish history, others present the religion as a systematic set of beliefs and practices. Although it is difficult to ascertain exactly how the books were utilized in classrooms, they certainly provide a sense of the priorities of a group of educators, as well as of the relative freedom they had in defining Judaism for the next generation. 相似文献
19.
Sam Rouse Roger Lewis 《British journal of educational technology : journal of the Council for Educational Technology》1984,15(1):24-32
How to Study Effectively was probably the first distance learning course in the UK to help students to acquire learning skills. It has consistently attracted large numbers of students. Sam Rouse has tutored the course for the whole of its life and this paper reports the result of an evaluation he recently carried out. Samples of three student groups, all enrolled in 1972, were asked for their views on the course after a ten year gap. A group of'normal'enrollers is compared with two more special groups, one of TUC sponsored students and one of intending ordinands in the Church of England. Why did they enrol? How many assignments did they complete? What did they think of the course? What differences if any has it made to their lives? The paper concludes with three case studies of students, one from each group. The full report, And Having Studied Effectively , is published by the National Extension College. 相似文献
20.
This article studies the views and practices of a group of secondary school science teachers toward lesson planning. The two main questions posed are: “What do teachers do when they prepare their lessons?” and “What do teachers think of their own planning?” We describe the decisions made by the teachers, the things they take into account, what they give most importance to, the time spent, the source of their knowledge, and how they evaluate the results. The information was obtained by structured personal interviews, which were compared with reports written by the teachers. Our findings led us to reflect on ways in which lesson planning may be introduced into training programs. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 36: 493–513, 1999 相似文献