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1.
太极拳锻炼时不同运动量对中老年人心血管系统机能影响的研究 总被引：10，自引：1，他引：9
运用遥测心率及血压测定的方法,研究了北京体育大学10名太极拳爱好者,同一练习内容,不同练习时间,心血管机能的适应情况。研究发现,在练习过程中,心率升高的幅度不大,最大心率稳定在109．6＋3．8,不同的练习时间,其最大心率的差异不显著（p＞0．05）,运动后即刻收缩压高于运动前,舒张压低于运动前,在恢复期内,收缩压,舒张压下降,到恢复期第三分钟时,各次练习的收缩压,舒张压皆低于运动前水平,恢复期脉压变化也有此特点。结论：太极拳是一种中低强度运动,合理的控制好运动量,能够有效地提高中老年人的心血管系统机能。 相似文献
2.
艾灸预处理对运动后心率和血压变化的观察 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
李同辉 《体育科技文献通报》2009,17(1):122-124
目的：通过对华南师范大学体育学院大一（07级）学生进行艾灸（足三里穴）预处理,来观察艾灸预处理前受试者运动后血压、心率与艾灸预处理后受试者运动后血压、心率的变化,从而探讨艾灸预处理对于运动后心率和血压的影响。方法：在运动前用血压计测定受试者安静时的血压和心率,随后受试者在跑台周Bruce方法进行逐级递增负荷运动,当受试者运动到力竭后测定受试者运动后即刻、运动后15min、运动后30min的血压、和心率。在运动当天后的一星期内对受试者进行艾灸（足三里穴）预处理,在艾灸一星期以后受试者再次进行跑台BRUCE方法逐级递增负荷运动,测定受试者运动前安静时、运动后即刻、运动后15min、运动后30min的血压和心率。结果：（1）收缩压在艾灸预处理前后运动后15min有显著性差异;在安静时、运动后即刻和运动后30min没有显著性差异。（2）舒张压在艾灸预处理前后安静状态和运动后30min有显著性差异;在运动后即刻和运动后15min没有显著性差异。（3）心率在艾灸预处理前后均没有显著性差异。结论：艾灸预处理在安静时和运动后恢复期都有一定的降压作用,也可能与艾灸消除运动性疲劳有一定的关系。 相似文献
3.
42式太极拳定量负荷对中老年知识分子心肺机能的影响 总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12
采用XXG-D型心功能测试仪和F-Ⅱ型肺活量计对72名集美老年大学学员在42式太极拳定量负荷前、后进行心血管机能26个参数、肺活量（VC）测定和5次肺活量试验（FVCT）。结果表明心血管机能可顺应42式太极拳定量负荷，使脉率（PR）、每搏量（SV）、心搏指数（SI）、心输出量（CO）、心脏指数（CI）、左心搏功指数（LVWI）、收缩压（SP）、平均收缩压（MSP）、脉压（PP）和肺活量(VC)适度升高，有显著性差异（P<0.01）；而心肌耗氧量（HOV）、心肌耗氧指数（HOI）增加较少，无统计学意义（P>0.05）；负荷后总外周阻力（TPR）和标准周阻（SPR）下降，有显著性差异（P<0.01），而第1次VC分别与第4次和第5次VC比较增加组的例数较多，与其它各组有显著性差异（P<0.01）。结果表明42式太极拳练习对中老年知识分子属中、小强度的需氧运动项目，其运动量和运动强度适宜，有助于心血管机能、肺通气量的改善和提高。 相似文献
4.
本文对１２名男大学生２４小时内不同时间安静时、定量负荷（６０Ｗ、１２０Ｗ、１８０Ｗ）时的心率进行了记录分析，结果显示：①安静时白天心率高于夜间，白天中１０：３０和１６：３０左右时心率较低；②定量负荷后的心率反应也存在昼夜节律现象；③清晨（４：３０）定量负荷时心率增加最快；④一天中运动能力存在两个高峰（１０：３０和１６：３０左右）。 相似文献
5.
目的:揭示旋梯训练对人体生理变化的影响,分析人体出现习服的情况。方法:通过三个月的旋梯训练,在不同阶段采集心率、收缩压、舒张压和五次选择反应时数据,并对比不同阶段生理参数与基础数据和训练前旋梯运动的差异性。结果:三个月训练各阶段的心率和收缩压与基础数据和训练前旋梯运动具有显著差异,并呈下降趋势。除II组训练前旋梯运动的舒张压与基础数据存在明显差异,其他各阶段的舒张压无明显差异。经过训练后和训练前旋梯运动的五次选择反应时数据与基础数据存在明显差异。结论:旋梯训练能对人体的心血管系统产生习服作用,可有效提升民航飞行学员的心血管能力,对人体的认知功能影响不明显。 相似文献
6.
本文运用文献资料法、实验法、数理统计法等,以首都体育学院民族传统体育专业学生和管理与新闻专业学生共60名学生为研究对象,通过功率自行车试验,对受试者收缩压、舒张压和心率等生理指标进行监测,探讨武术运动对不同人群心血管系统功能的影响。急性运动后,经过长期武术训练的民族传统体育专业学生收缩压和心率在运动后1小时恢复至安静时... 相似文献
7.
研究资料表明,心率是心血管系统最容易测定的指标,同时有较高的可靠性,心率与训练负荷强度、心率与最大吸氧量之间存在着直接关系（即成正比）掌握青少年运动员心率变化,可为运动训练提供科学依据,同时可以结合医务监督进行青少年运动员选材和科研工作。 相似文献
8.
健美操运动对女护士生循环机能和身体工作能力的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
通过对12名中等卫校护士专业女生六个月的健美操运动训练前后心血管机能指标的测定,并与偶尔参加一般体育活动的女护士生进行比较。结果显示,训练组女护士生的安静心率缓慢,每搏输出量增加;完成相同负荷运动时增加每搏输出量以适应运动对血液供应量的需要;运动时收缩压升高,舒张压下降,心血管调节功能改善;PWC170升高。反映了健美操运动对提高卫校女生心脏泵血能力,心血管调节能力和人体工作能力具有明显作用。 相似文献
9.
目的:探讨递增负荷运动对50~59岁不同台阶指数人群血管机能的影响,为运动负荷试验提供科学的理论依据。方法:83名50~59岁成年人为研究对象,测试在逐级递增负荷运动中不同台阶指数人群心率、血压值,分析在不同负荷状态下不同台阶指数人群心血管机能变化的特征。结果:不同台阶实验指数人群在递增负荷运动中,血管机能指标变化趋势相同;不同台阶实验指数人群在负荷25W、50W、150W时,血管机能指标心率、舒张压有显著性差异。结论:50~59岁人群心肺功能较差者在运动健身时应注重控制运动负荷,防止心率、收缩压的过度升高,防止发生运动风险;台阶指数的优劣能否正确反映50~59岁人群血管机能有待进一步研究和探讨。 相似文献
10.
宋冰 《体育科技文献通报》2007,15(12):75-76
目的 对湛江寸金公园经常参加体育锻炼（运动组）与棋牌活动（棋牌组）的老年志愿者进行台阶测验，比较从事不同活动老年人的心血管机能状态。用以指导老年人选择有益身心健康的活动形式。方法 利用台阶测定仪，测定安静心率与完成相同负荷后第1、2、3分钟心率。结果 运动组运动后第1分钟心率较棋牌组慢（P〈0．01），而第2第3分钟的恢复过程却较快（P〈0．01）。提示运动组老人的身体机能、尤其是心肺功能优于棋牌组人群。结论 长期坚持有氧运动锻炼对于减缓心血管功能下降速度，维持和提高老年群体身体素质有积极作用。 相似文献
11.
There is a paucity of research on devices suitable for home-based isometric exercise. Our aim was to compare cardiovascular responses to isometric exercise using novel and established methods. Ten individuals (age 34.0 +/- 8.5 years, mass 68.2 +/- 10.4 kg, height 1.72 +/- 0.09 m; mean +/- s) performed three different isometric exercise protocols with 48 h between each. Each protocol involved four repeated exercise bouts of 2 min at 30% maximum voluntary contraction force using alternate legs (transducer), alternate arms (transducer), or alternate arms (novel device). Systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial blood pressure and heart rate were measured every 30 s. The highest (peak) values during each 2 min bout of exercise were recorded (peak systolic blood pressure, peak diastolic blood pressure, peak mean arterial blood pressure and peak heart rate). At the end of each 2 min exercise bout, the participants rated their perceived discomfort using Borg's CR-10 scale. There was a statistically significant difference in peak systolic blood pressure between isometric arm flexion using the force transducer and the novel device [158.1 +/- 10.8 vs. 149.1 +/- 13.9 mmHg (mean +/- s); P = 0.02]. Further analysis showed that peak systolic blood pressure was on average 9 mmHg higher using the force transducer with limits of agreement of - 15.97 to 33.97 mmHg. Analysis of the peak diastolic blood pressure, peak mean arterial blood pressure, peak heart rate and CR-10 data revealed no statistically significant differences between the three protocols. These results suggest that this novel, home-based method elicited similar cardiovascular responses during isometric exercise to those of established laboratory-based methods. However, the lower peak systolic blood pressure using the modified scales warrants further investigation before this method is used widely in the home. 相似文献
12.
13.
Jonathan D Wiles Damian Coleman Martin Dunford Ian Swaine 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(8):795-803
There is a paucity of research on devices suitable for home-based isometric exercise. Our aim was to compare cardiovascular responses to isometric exercise using novel and established methods. Ten individuals (age 34.0?±?8.5 years, mass 68.2?±?10.4?kg, height 1.72?±?0.09?m; mean?±?s) performed three different isometric exercise protocols with 48?h between each. Each protocol involved four repeated exercise bouts of 2?min at 30% maximum voluntary contraction force using alternate legs (transducer), alternate arms (transducer), or alternate arms (novel device). Systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial blood pressure and heart rate were measured every 30?s. The highest (peak) values during each 2?min bout of exercise were recorded (peak systolic blood pressure, peak diastolic blood pressure, peak mean arterial blood pressure and peak heart rate). At the end of each 2?min exercise bout, the participants rated their perceived discomfort using Borg's CR-10 scale. There was a statistically significant difference in peak systolic blood pressure between isometric arm flexion using the force transducer and the novel device [158.1?±?10.8 vs. 149.1?±?13.9?mmHg (mean?±?s); P = 0.02]. Further analysis showed that peak systolic blood pressure was on average 9?mmHg higher using the force transducer with limits of agreement of –?15.97 to 33.97?mmHg. Analysis of the peak diastolic blood pressure, peak mean arterial blood pressure, peak heart rate and CR-10 data revealed no statistically significant differences between the three protocols. These results suggest that this novel, home-based method elicited similar cardiovascular responses during isometric exercise to those of established laboratory-based methods. However, the lower peak systolic blood pressure using the modified scales warrants further investigation before this method is used widely in the home. 相似文献
14.
Mehdi Kordi Chris Fullerton Louis Passfield Len Parker Simpson 《European Journal of Sport Science》2019,19(2):192-198
Body position is known to alter power production and affect cycling performance. The aim of this study was to compare mechanical power output in two riding positions, and to calculate the effects on critical power (CP) and W′ estimates. Seven trained cyclists completed three peak power output efforts and three fixed-duration trial (3-, 5- and 12-min) riding with their hands on the brake lever hoods (BLH), or in a time trial position (TTP). A repeated-measures analysis of variance showed that mean power output during the 5-min trial was significantly different between BLH and TTP positions, resulting in a significantly lower estimate of CP, but not W′, for the TTP trial. In addition, TTP decreased the performance during each trial and increased the percentage difference between BLH and TTP with greater trial duration. There were no differences in pedal cadence or heart rate during the 3-min trial; however, TTP results for the 12-min trial showed a significant fall in pedal cadence and a significant rise in heart rate. The findings suggest that cycling position affects power output and influences consequent CP values. Therefore, cyclists and coaches should consider the cycling position used when calculating CP. 相似文献
15.
The aim of this study was to quantify the physiological loads of programmed "pre-season" and "in-season" training in professional soccer players. Data for players during each period were included for analysis (pre-season, n = 12; in-season, n = 10). We monitored physiological loading of training by measuring heart rate and rating of perceived exertion (RPE). Training loads were calculated by multiplying RPE score by the duration of training sessions. Each session was sub-categorized as physical, technical/tactical, physical and technical/tactical training. Average physiological loads in pre-season (heart rate 124 ± 7 beats · min(-1); training load 4343 ± 329 Borg scale · min) were higher compared with in-season (heart rate 112 ± 7 beats · min(-1); training load 1703 ± 173 Borg scale · min) (P < 0.05) and there was a greater proportion of time spent in 80-100% maximum heart rate zones (18 ± 2 vs. 5 ± 2%; P < 0.05). Such differences appear attributable to the higher intensities in technical/tactical sessions during pre-season (pre-season: heart rate 137 ± 8 beats · min(-1); training load 321 ± 23 Borg scale · min; in-season: heart rate 114 ± 9 beats · min(-1); training load 174 ± 27 Borg scale · min; P < 0.05). These findings demonstrate that pre-season training is more intense than in-season training. Such data indicate that these adjustments in load are a direct attempt to deliver training to promote specific training adaptations. 相似文献
16.
The aim of this study was to examine the possibility of obtaining information about the heart rate and physiological load imposed on soccer players during a game. The study was conducted on 27 soccer players, 9 each from semi-professional, university and recreational soccer teams. Players from all positions (attack, midfield and defence) were selected for the study. Each subject's heart rate was monitored during a match using a short-range radio telemetry (Sport Tester PE3000), and was sampled at 5-s intervals. The results indicate that it is possible to monitor successfully the heart rate of players with such equipment. The mean heart rate and standard deviation for each player during match play were: semi-professional players (172 +/- 12, 176 +/- 9 and 166 +/- 15 for forwards, midfielders and defenders, respectively); university players (171 +/- 13, 173 +/- 10 and 156 +/- 13 for forwards, midfielders and defenders, respectively); and recreational players (173 +/- 13, 170 +/- 12 and 162 +/- 13 for forwards, midfielders and defenders, respectively). Analysis by playing position revealed that midfield and forward players has a greater mean heart rate during a game than defensive players. To examine the suitability and accuracy of the two methods of obtaining objective data on heart rate, comparisons were made between the Sport Tester PE3000 and a standard electrocardiograph (ECG) telemetry technique. The results show that both techniques produce similar results; the former was the more convenient.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
17.
目的:通过对民航飞行员进行非药物健康干预,观察其对民航飞行员安静心率和血压等心功能主要指标的影响。方法:对健康基本情况处于B级和C级的12名民航飞行员进行为期24周的以营养指导和运动干预为主的非药物健康干预,并测量实验前后的安静心率和血压值。结果:(1)干预前后,民航飞行员安静心率具有统计学的显著性差异(P<0.05);(2)干预前后,民航飞行员收缩压具有极显著性差异(P<0.01);(3)干预前后,民航飞行员舒张压无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论:非药物健康干预可有效改善民航飞行员的安静心率和血压,促进飞行员增强心功能和提升健康水平。 相似文献
18.
Physiological demands of top-class soccer refereeing in relation to physical capacity: effect of intense intermittent exercise training. 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
To examine the activity profile and physiological demands of top-class soccer refereeing, we performed computerized time-motion analyses and measured the heart rate and blood lactate concentration of 27 referees during 43 competitive matches in the two top Danish leagues. To relate match performance to physical capacity and training, several physiological tests were performed before and after intermittent exercise training. Total distance covered was 10.07+/-0.13 km (mean +/- s(x)), of which 1.67+/-0.08 km was high-intensity running. High-intensity running and backwards running decreased (P < 0.05) in the second half. Mean heart rate was 162+/-2 beats min(-1) (85+/-1% of maximal heart rate) and the mean blood lactate concentration was 4.9+/-0.3 (range 1.7-14.0) mmol x l(-1). The amount of high-intensity running during a match was related to the Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test (r2 = 0.57; P<0.05) and the 12 min run (r2 = 0.21; P<0.05). After intermittent training (n = 8), distance covered during high-intensity running was greater (2.06+/-0.13 vs 1.69+/-0.08 km; P< 0.05) and mean heart rate was lower (159+/-1 vs 164+/-2 beats x min(-1); P< 0.05) than before training. The results of the present study demonstrate that: (1) top-class soccer referees have significant aerobic energy expenditure throughout a game and episodes of considerable anaerobic energy turnover; (2) the ability to perform high-intensity running is reduced towards the end of matches; (3) the Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test can be used to evaluate referees' match performance; and (4) intense intermittent exercise training improves referees' performance capacity during a game. 相似文献
19.
To examine the activity profile and physiological demands of top-class soccer refereeing, we performed computerized time-motion analyses and measured the heart rate and blood lactate concentration of 27 referees during 43 competitive matches in the two top Danish leagues. To relate match performance to physical capacity and training, several physiological tests were performed before and after intermittent exercise training. Total distance covered was 10.07 - 0.13 km (mean - s x ), of which 1.67 - 0.08 km was high-intensity running. High-intensity running and backwards running decreased (P ? 0.05) in the second half. Mean heart rate was 162 - 2 beats· min -1 (85 - 1% of maximal heart rate) and the mean blood lactate concentration was 4.9 - 0.3 (range 1.7-14.0) mmol·l -1 . The amount of high-intensity running during a match was related to the Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test ( r 2 = 0.57; P ? 0.05) and the 12 min run ( r 2 = 0.21; P ? 0.05). After intermittent training ( n = 8), distance covered during high-intensity running was greater (2.06 - 0.13 vs 1.69 - 0.08 km; P ? 0.05) and mean heart rate was lower (159 - 1 vs 164 - 2 beats· min -1 ; P ? 0.05) than before training. The results of the present study demonstrate that: (1) top-class soccer referees have significant aerobic energy expenditure throughout a game and episodes of considerable anaerobic energy turnover; (2) the ability to perform high-intensity running is reduced towards the end of matches; (3) the Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test can be used to evaluate referees' match performance; and (4) intense intermittent exercise training improves referees' performance capacity during a game. 相似文献
20.
The relationships between exercise intensity, heart rate, and blood pressure during an incremental isometric exercise test 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Currently, it is not possible to prescribe isometric exercise at an intensity that corresponds to given heart rates or systolic blood pressures. This might be useful in optimizing the effects of isometric exercise training. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore the relationships between isometric exercise intensity and both heart rate and systolic blood pressure during repeated incremental isometric exercise tests. Fifteen participants performed seated isometric double-leg knee extension, during which maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) was assessed, using an isokinetic dynamometer. From this, a corresponding peak electromyographic activity (EMG(peak)) was determined. Subsequently, participants performed two incremental isometric exercise tests (at least 48 h apart) at 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30% EMG(peak), during which steady-state heart rate and systolic blood pressure were recorded. In all participants, there were linear relationships between %EMG(peak) and heart rate (r at least 0.91; P < 0.05) and between %EMG(peak) and systolic blood pressure (r at least 0.92; P < 0.05). Also, when repeated tests were compared, there were no differences in the slopes (P > 0.50) or elevations (P > 0.10) for either of the relationships. Therefore, these linear relationships could be used to identify isometric exercise training intensities that correspond to precise heart rates or systolic blood pressures. Training performed in this way might provide greater insight into the underlying mechanisms for the cardiovascular adaptations that are known to occur as a result. 相似文献