共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 171 毫秒
1.
巴西公私立高等教育比较研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
巴西公私立高等教育比较研究王留栓本文拟从巴西高等教育发展过程中探究公私立大学的异同点及其办学经验，企盼对我国正在发展的民办私立大学提供某些借鉴。一、巴西高等教育发展概况如果从巴西的第一所大学─—里约热内卢联邦大学成立之日（１９２０年创办）算起，这个拉... 相似文献
2.
巴西私立高等教育近年来发展非常迅速,但在发展过程中也出现了很多问题,其中私立高校的教育质量和教育公平问题引起了巴西各界的关注。这两个问题的产生有历史的原因,也与政府的政策和私立高等教育自身发展规律有关。巴西政府及学界针对这两个问题提出的一些建议和措施,给我国私立高等教育的发展提供了有益的经验。 相似文献
3.
《佳木斯教育学院学报》2015,(7)
巴西的高等教育发展进程中将教育"均等化"作为改革重点,为了满足社会需积极发展私立高等教育,在对高等教育资助中各个组织严格监管,为巴西的高等教育快速发展创建了良好的环境,对我国西北地区高等教育有一定的可鉴价值。 相似文献
5.
近年来,巴西私立高等教育急剧扩张,但由于高昂的学费以及学位价值与支出的课程费用的不相称,大多数巴西人并不能就读私立大学。这不仅产生了教育的质量问题,而且也出现了教育不公平的现象。尽管私立高等教育中的助学贷款和政府补贴有所增加,但教育公平仍不能真正实现。 相似文献
6.
巴西高等教育发展较晚,主要是参照欧洲模式发展起来的。直到19世纪早期,巴西还是葡萄牙的殖民地,并没有设立高等教育机构。20世纪初,巴西完全摆脱了葡萄牙的殖民统治而独立,开始建立了一些高等院校,并且出现了大批私立院校。二战后巴西陆续建立了一批综合性大学。60年代末至70年代初, 相似文献
7.
近年来,英国私立高等教育迅速发展,为英国高等教育规模扩张做出了巨大贡献.通过对英国私立高等教育机构类型的梳理和对其质量保障体系的分析,挖掘英国私立高等教育发展的优缺点,为我国私立高等教育发展提供有益借鉴. 相似文献
8.
2世纪80年代以来,非洲的高等教育危机引发了私立高等教育的发展,肯尼亚是一个典型的代表.肯尼亚私立高等教育历史虽然不长,但发展速度迅猛,已经成为高等教育的重要组成部分.本文立足肯尼亚的现实,分析了该国私立高等教育发展的原因,介绍了其发展现状和私立高校的特色,最后从持续发展的角度提出了私立高等教育面临的挑战,意在全方位地展现肯尼亚私立高等教育发展的概貌. 相似文献
9.
台湾私立高等教育经过60余年的发展,形成了比较完整的体系。在其发展过程中呈现出：私立高等教育体系完整,办学层次上移;私立高等教育法律法规体系比较健全;私立高等教育办学主体、经费来源多元化等特点。这为大陆民办高校发展提供了一定的启示和借鉴。 相似文献
10.
日本私立高等教育的发展经过了一个较长的过程。战前日本政府对私立高等教育机构采取了不资助但仍施行行政管理的政策。战后日本政府逐步调整对私立高等教育机构的政策,开始注入一定数量的资金,并推行较全面的行政管理。在政府资金的援助下,日本的私立高等教育发展很快,在办学规模和质量等方面都超越了公立高等教育,其经验对中国私立高等教育的发展是不无裨益的。 相似文献
11.
孙静 《常熟理工学院学报》2005,19(1):90-93
“私人企业倡议”是里根政府时期对拉美经济援助的一个重要内容,它把促进拉美国家私人企业发展和鼓励拉美国家实行市场经济的改革作为两大中心目标。这一倡议在促进拉美社会和经济进步的同时,也给拉美带来一些社会问题。“私人企业倡议”反映了20世纪80年代美国在拉美的战略利益。 相似文献
12.
Dante J. Salto 《Higher Education》2018,75(5):809-825
Brazil has by far the largest higher education system in Latin America, with a sizable share of students enrolled in private-sector institutions. Its recently established and fast-growing for-profit sector is one of the largest worldwide. The for-profit sector already surpasses the public sector in student enrollment, and its role is growing. Public policy has supported for-profit growth, ostensibly for tax revenue reasons, but the federal government has recently launched social initiatives that include tax exemption policies for the for-profit sector in exchange for need-based scholarships. Through exploratory data analysis, this study explores the role, function, and form of the for-profit sector compared with its nonprofit and public counterparts. The findings reveal that the for-profit sector shares some important characteristics with the nonprofit sector but contrasts sharply with the public sector. The study concludes that countries such as Brazil are moving toward public funding for private higher education to meet enrollment targets. These findings may be able to address issues in other countries by considering similar public policies toward private higher education. 相似文献
13.
Clemencia Cosentino de Cohen 《Higher Education》2003,46(1):1-35
Private education is a remarkably dynamic area of change in post-secondary education, particularly in Latin America. Evidence of growth in the number of private institutions and enrollment suggests that higher education is becoming increasingly diversified into two sectors – public and private. While this appears to be true throughout Latin America, and much of the developing world, recent evidence from Argentina casts doubt on the degree to which private sector growth trends may actually translate into a significant increase in the impact of private institutions in higher education, where impact is proxied by the relative share of student enrollment and graduates. This study explores the dimensions and impact of private expansion in Argentina, and places the findings in a comparative (regional) and theoretical framework. The analysis shows that, despite unprecedented growth in the number of private universities, the public sector remains the dominant provider of university education. Private institutions, while certainly more numerous and training a growing number of students, do not account for a larger share of university enrollment. They have, however, developed specific niches (e.g., in graduate level training and in urban areas). Significantly, following a pattern of institutional proliferation found throughout Latin America, some private universities offer elite alternatives to prestigious public institutions. The findings serve to qualify apparent `gains' in private higher education and to underscore the need for further research into the relevant intrasectoral (public and private) dimensions of change in post-secondary education. 相似文献
14.
巴西的S-系统是整个拉丁美洲最大的劳动力技能培训系统。它由一系列葡萄牙语名称的首字母为S的机构组成。S-系统目前几乎覆盖巴西所有的经济领域,为工业、农业、商业等领域的劳动者提供各种职业培训。S-系统的职业培训具有独特的资金渠道以及灵活多样的课程和方法,为巴西培养了大量合格的劳动者．是巴西成人职业教育领域中的重要力量。 相似文献
15.
哥伦比亚教育券政策述评 总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12
哥伦比亚是拉丁美洲经济发展较为良好的发展中国家，该国90年代以来实施的教育券政策有效地促进了私立教育的发展，并保障了贫穷孩子获得良好教育的机会。我国与哥伦比亚同属经济发展瞩目的发展中国家，一些地区正在尝试的教育券政策也与哥伦比亚的实践十分相似。本文试图对哥伦比亚教育券计划的实施背景、模式、特征及运作过程等作一系统分析与研究，以期为我国相关政策的制定、实施与完善提供借鉴。 相似文献
16.
联合国教科文组织在推动发展中国家高等教育发展中所起的作用越来越重要,参与跨国层面、区域层面的治理工作日渐频繁.拉丁美洲一直是教科文组织重点关注的区域,1997年,教科文组织特别成立了拉丁美洲及加勒比地区国际高等教育研究所,致力于完善该区域高等教育体系,提高高等教育质量,鼓励高等教育系统专业人员流动等,缩短拉美国家与发达国家的差距,推动该地区高等教育一体化的发展.联合国教科文组织在推动拉丁美洲高等教育一体化建设取得一定成效的同时,存在资金不足、政策实施不力、对不同地区支持不均衡等问题.此外,在拉丁美洲高等教育一体化建设过程中,拉美国家还应该进一步改善自我认同缺失、凝聚力不足、国别异质性显著等自身问题. 相似文献
17.
During the last decade, the debate over higher education took up a significant space on the agendas of various international agencies, including multilateral development banks and other intergovernmental agencies. This fact points to the importance of the subject within a broader discussion that refers to national development projects and their articulation within the new international economic and political order. In this context, the purpose of this article is to discern the principal lines of argument at work and their implications for the transformation of higher education in Latin America. To this end, we have chosen four cases that we consider relevant for the region: The United Nations Education, Science and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), the World Bank, the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLA) and the Interamerican Development Bank (IADB). In the first part of the text we characterize the particularities of each of these organizations, highlighting their relation with the processes of educational change. In the second, we approach the subject of the recommendations made by the multilateral agencies on change in the higher education systems in the world and, particularly, in the Latin American region. 相似文献
18.
拉美地区的环境教育注重社会文化内涵,并在很多国家已经初步形成了推进环境教育的机制,而可持续发展教育目前仍在起步阶段。目前,拉美国家综合两者,提出为了可持续发展的环境教育。在拉丁美洲,环境教育与可持续发展教育本质上是一致的,可持续发展教育在全球范围内的推广促进了拉美环境教育政策的制定和执行。 相似文献
19.
The aim of this article is to analyse and show in detail the influence of the National Security and Development Doctrine, the main ideological prop of the 1964 civilian–military coup, on the education policy implemented by the regime. Special attention is given to the MEC-USAID agreements, the setting up of the Meira Matos Commission and the reform of elementary, middle and high school education, which was put into effect by the enactment of Law 5692/1971. It purports to show that their overriding purpose was to adapt the education system to the economic and political model in place at that time, so as to transform it into a tool for the promotion of national security and development as perceived by that doctrine. The article concludes that the changes that took place in Brazilian education can only be fully comprehended in the light of their interaction with the processes that fostered the manifestation of the National Security ideology in Latin America as a whole and Brazil in particular. 相似文献
20.
In this preliminary review, the authors analyse the effects of privatisation on diversity in higher education (HE) systems by exploring the consequences of the establishment of HE Institutions by non-public organisations. The rising importance of privatisation in Europe (Western and transitional economies), Latin America, and Southeast Asia is analysed. Then follows detailed examinations of private-sector HE in countries representative of all these geographical areas to determine how far privatisation has stimulated diversity. The preliminary results indicate that in each case the private sub-sector has promoted limited and partial diversification. In general, though, the more recent private establishments, created to satisfy increasing demand for HE, have nonetheless focused predominately on teaching, have undertaken little, or no, research and appear to be of lower quality than the older institutions. The private sub-sector is characterised mostly by its low-risk behaviour, and a concentration on low-cost and/or safer initiatives. Public authorities must share at least a partial responsibility for some of the negative side effects of the development of private higher education. 相似文献