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1.
郝慧颖 《太原大学教育学院学报》2013,31(1):20-22
相关研究发现,儿童早期的入学准备状况能够很好地预测儿童入学后的学校适应,那些在入学准备上存在风险的儿童,将在学校适应上面临更多的问题。因此,及时对学龄儿童采取相应的教育干预,可有效地提高其入学准备水平,为其顺利适应学校生活打下良好基础。文章在实证研究的基础上,结合我国儿童在入学准备方面存在的问题和不足。提出了儿童入学准备的三级教育干预模型：家庭环境的准备、学前教育环境的准备和学校环境的准备。 相似文献
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The family-school relation and the child's school performance 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Using a nationally representative sample of American households, we examine the relation between parental involvement in schooling and the child's school performance. With a sample of 179 children, parents, and teachers, we investigate 3 hypotheses: (1) the higher the educational status of the mother the greater the degree of parental involvement in school activities; (2) the younger the age of the child the greater the degree of parental involvement; and (3) children of parents who are more involved in school activities do better in school than children with parents who are less involved. In an analysis of cross-sectional data, we discover support for the 3 hypotheses. The educational status of the mother is related to the degree of parental involvement in schooling, so that parents with more education are more involved. Parental involvement is related to the child's school performance. Also, parents are more involved in school activities if the child is younger. The mother's educational level and the age of the child are stronger predictors of parental involvement in schooling for boys than for girls. We do not, however, find a direct effect of maternal educational status on school performance independent of parental involvement in school activities. We discuss these findings in light of the relation between families and schools. 相似文献
4.
The current research investigated the variability of school effects on intelligence development in considering two economically and socially distinct groups of children. The data came from a nationally representative sample of primary school children from urban and rural areas of China. Two standardised reasoning tests were used to assess fluid intelligence. The between-grade regression discontinuity approach was applied to disentangle the schooling effect from the age effect. Results showed that the combined effects of schooling and age were 5.09 intelligence points per year, in which the schooling effect (4.37 points) was larger than the age effect (.72 points). The patterns of schooling and age effects were different in urban and rural subsamples. For the urban subsample, the schooling effect was smaller than the age effect for children from grade 1 to 3, but the schooling effect became larger than the age effect from grade 4 to 6. For the rural subsample, however, the schooling effect was always larger than the age effect. The effect of one year of schooling for rural children (5.59 points) was larger than that for urban children (3.15 points). These results suggest that schooling effects are closely related to the context where children are growing up. 相似文献
5.
Etienne Gerard 《International Journal of Educational Development》2012,32(1):172-178
The article approaches the question of the schooling processes in the particular environment of the Moroccan craftsmen of Fez. It shows that the weak schooling of the children is bound to the representations and to the ways of transmission of craft industry knowledge. Schooling is, indeed, the object of tensions between a school system of western inspiration and the Muslim system of transmitting patrimonial knowledge. The article shows then that schooling is integrated into craftsmen's ‘relationships with knowledge’ and ‘reasons of knowing’: because of historic development factors of the school system in Morocco, and of sociological factors of domination in the craftsmen's environment, schooling is not indeed legitimate for most craftsmen. It is not even always “possible”: in fact, social reproduction in craftsmen's environment is indeed, and because of the previous factors, based on holding positions bound to the mastery of the traditional knowledge and of the production market, rather than to the possession of school capital. On the other hand, schooling has gained strong legitimacy at a general society level, so that the craftsmen, and especially their children, are more and more the victims of social declassification. 相似文献
6.
This article examines the determinants of children's schooling during the 1990s in rural areas of Vietnam. It focuses on the impact of family attributes on the likelihood of children remaining in school or leaving during the primary and secondary school years. Using data from the Vietnam Living Standard Survey (VLSS) of 1992–93 and 1997–98, the authors apply the survival analysis technique to follow a group of 3301 children aged between 6 and 13 over a 5-year period. In addition to the characteristics of the children and their families, they consider community attributes as larger contextual variables that also affect children's school leaving. Overall, they found very significant socioeconomic differentiations between families with respect to schooling, which puts economically disadvantaged children at risk for having their schooling interrupted at a young age. The results also indicate that for girls, compared with boys, the likelihood of staying in school is more responsive to household and community characteristics. 相似文献
7.
Ng Seok Moi 《Asia Pacific Journal of Education》1984,6(2):15-20
One of Singapore's problems with reading acquisition programmes stems from the fact that although most of our children come from non-Englisg speaking homes, their parents' choice of the medium of instruction is English. This means that English is taught right from the first day the child enters school. Most of the other countries where English is taught and is not the mother tongue, use the mother tongue as a medium of instruction for several years before the introduction of English. Neither are Singaporean children totally immersed in English at school because they also spend part of their school time learning a non-English language, namely Chinese, Malay or Tamil. Investigation into problems connected with the teaching of English and reading is therefore very important for Singapore, especially since one of our education system's streaming procedures is instituted very early, at the end of the third year of schooling at Primary 3. 相似文献
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Curt Dudley-Marling 《Gender and education》2001,13(2):183-197
ABSTRACT The desire for parent involvement in children's schooling is based on the assumption that parents play a significant role in children's educational achievements. As a policy goal, parent involvement includes the participation of both mothers and fathers. However, in practice, parent involvement refers more often to the work of women in support of children's schooling. The coordination and supervision of children's educational activities often demands a significant portion of mothers' waking hours, particularly in the case of mothers whose children are doing poorly in school. This article draws on interviews with parents of children who struggled academically in school to examine the effects of 'school troubles' on mothers who, among the parents interviewed for this study, were much more likely to assume the material and emotional burdens for school troubles. 相似文献
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Kirstine Hansen 《British Educational Research Journal》2014,40(3):483-500
This paper uses data from the Millennium Cohort Study (MCS) to examine house moves that take place in the pre‐school years, focusing on families who move for the education of their children. We present results showing that education‐ related house moves do indeed occur in the pre‐school years with particular types of parents making these education‐related moves to ensure their children attend a good primary school. We then examine whether this demand for high quality schooling is associated with a house price premia by linking the MCS data to Land Registry data and show that parents are prepared to pay significantly more to buy a house located near to better performing primary schools, even before their children reach school starting age. We interpret this as evidence of demand for school quality in the early years as parents (especially more educated and advantaged parents) ‘gear up’ their quest for what they perceive to be better schooling for their children before they start school. 相似文献
10.
《教育心理学家》2013,48(4):177-194
The transition to elementary school is a major developmental milestone in the life of a child. It has been estimated that a significant number of children experience academic, social-emotional, or behavioral difficulties as they adapt to the challenges of formal schooling. Furthermore, these difficulties are compounded by poverty, often co-occur, and persist over time. This article explores the relation between the social context of early schooling; that is, features of the classroom and school environment and children's adjustment. A contextual understanding of early school adjustment fills an important gap in the literature and provides direction for future research. 相似文献
11.
Carmel Maloney 《Early Childhood Education Journal》2000,27(3):143-150
Ritual is a fact of school life and is enacted by teachers in their everyday classroom activities. This paper explores the
various forms of ritual as they are played out in preschool settings. A key finding is that rituals have both variant and
invariant qualities. The invariant order of ritual provides the stable framework that has become part of the school system,
whereas rituals with high levels of variance are responsible for a more personalized and flexible approach to teaching. Classroom
rituals have the potential to act as a tool through which teachers structure a particular form of practice that carries a
rational pedagogical purpose for teachers.
In this study preschool denotes the noncompulsory year of schooling immediately before children enter formal schooling. Children
in this setting turn 5 years of age between January and December. Formal schooling in Western Australia begins in the year
the child turns 6 years of age (January to December). The Montessori Pre-School catered to children from 3–5 years in keeping
with the founder’s philosophy of mixed age groups. 相似文献
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The Finnish comprehensive school system is regularly referred to as a uniform and “no-tracking”. In this article, we show with novel urban case data in Finland that school performance differed significantly between schools, most strikingly between school classes, and was connected to the school's selectiveness in pupil admission. A comprehensive registry data of 13-year-olds in all schools and school classes of one Finnish city was used. Via the case of urban Finland, it is discussed how school choice policies, and thus pupil selection, has led to hidden ability grouping although applied among totally publicly run basic schooling. Thus the traditional perception of a uniform Finnish comprehensive schooling seems not to be valid in the urban contexts of our study. 相似文献
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The Effect of Catholic Schooling on Math and Reading Development in Kindergarten Through Fifth Grade
《Journal of research on educational effectiveness》2013,6(1):45-87
Abstract Prior research estimating the effect of Catholic schooling has focused on high school, where evidence suggests a positive effect of Catholic versus public schooling. In this article, we estimate the effect of attending a Catholic elementary school rather than a public school on the math and reading skills of children in kindergarten through fifth grade. We use nationally representative data and a set of matching estimators to estimate the average effect of Catholic schooling and the extent to which the effect varies across educational markets. When we use public school students nationwide or within the same county to provide a counterfactual estimate of how Catholic school students would have performed in public schools, we find strong evidence indicating that Catholic elementary schools are less successful at teaching math skills than public schools (Catholic school students are 3–4 months behind public school students by third and fifth grade), but no more or less successful at teaching reading skills. Moreover, unlike prior research, we find no consistent evidence that the effects of Catholic schooling vary substantially by race or urbanicity, though our power to detect such differences is weak. 相似文献
14.
《International Journal of Educational Development》1995,15(1):47-60
In this paper, the schooling attainment and labor characteristics of those aged 12–19 years is assessed using data from the 1990 household survey from Paraguay. Although schooling is compulsory to age 13, it was found that 28% of those 12 years of age are already out of school. Among those out of school, 19% work formally in the labor market and contribute about a quarter of total family income. Among the 12-year-olds still in school, one-quarter have repeated a grade or more. The analysis suggests that language strongly influences school attainment and performance. Those who speak only Guarani at home may receive equal access to schooling, but their performance in school (in terms of years of attainment and grade repetition), is considerably inferior to that of Spanish-only and bilingual pupils. The number of siblings was found not to have had much of an effect on school enrollment, although it did have a significant impact on the probability of child labor. These findings may be evidence of ‘specialization’ in the household, whereby some children work, while their siblings are permitted to attend school and concentrate on studying. The results indicate that subsidies to poor households may be necessary to enable them to maintain their children in school for at least the duration of the primary cycle. 相似文献
15.
It is been widely established that child schooling has far reaching influence on shaping their subsequent living, in particular,
and social and economic development of the society, in general. Although the Constitution of India provides free and compulsory
education for all children until they reach 14 years, the schooling of children – enrollment and completion of primary school
– still remains far below than the expectations. Using data from National Family Health Survey [NFHS], we attempted to understand
primary school enrollment and completion in India. Results reveal that household characteristics play a significant role towards
child schooling. The study suggests the importance of adult educational programs and opening of new schools, particularly
all-girls schools, in needed areas.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
16.
DeAnna M. Laverick 《Early Childhood Education Journal》2008,35(4):321-326
Throughout the world, young children and their families anticipate the start of school with expectations and hopes, as well
as concerns. Although the approaches and customs differ from one nation, region, or culture to another, one constant is the
recognition that a collaborative effort is needed to welcome young children and their families into formal schooling experiences.
The transition process should be proactive and responsive to the children’s needs. This article addresses four key components
of appropriate support for young children who are starting school: (1) a consideration of the developmental characteristics
of young children, (2) a recognition of factors that affect adjustment to new situations, (3) the establishment of relationships
with families, and (4) the implementation of strategies that assist young children in making this important transition. Strategies
for assisting children who are beginning their school careers are shared. 相似文献
17.
Marjory Ebbeck Suraya Binte Saidon Gunathilakan nee Rajalachime Lay Yan Teo 《Early Childhood Education Journal》2013,41(4):291-298
The issue about when children should begin primary schooling continues to be an area for discussion amongst educators, parents, and children who indeed have some views about this. The compulsory entry age of children into formal schooling is different in many countries. It is not only the starting age that has invoked discussion, but also the types of practices that occur to facilitate transition and minimise stress in young children. In this regard the ‘ready school concept’ has grown in acceptance and provides for the needs of children of diverse backgrounds, knowledge and experiences. This paper examines what is happening in transition experiences in Singapore and presents the voices of a small sample of children who wanted primary school to be a place for both work and play. 相似文献
18.
Priyadarshani Joshi 《Prospects》2014,44(3):411-428
This paper analyzes the parent decision-making processes underlying school selection in Nepal. The analysis is based on primary survey and focus group data collected from parent meetings in diverse local education markets in two districts of Nepal in 2011. It highlights three main arguments that are less frequently discussed in the context of school choice, including in developing countries. First, children who go to public schools play a significant role in their own decision-making on schooling; this complicates the currently predominant conceptualization that schooling decisions are primarily made by parents and school officials. Second, the gradual growth in private schools has led to significant sorting of students and created a stigma around public education. Finally, in contexts such as Nepal, that suffer from political conflict, and poor conditions for law and order, a school’s proximity to their home becomes a greater priority for students and families. 相似文献
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Lori E. Skibbe Annemarie H. Hindman Carol M. Connor Michelle Housey Frederick J. Morrison 《Early education and development》2013,24(5):687-703
Research Findings: A difficulty for developmental researchers is disambiguating children's general maturation from the influence of schooling. In this study, we use a natural experiment to examine the influence of prekindergarten and kindergarten schooling experiences on the development of literacy and mathematics. Children (n = 60) whose birthdates fell within 2 months of the state-determined cutoff date for prekindergarten and kindergarten entry were administered 4 subtests of the Woodcock–Johnson III Tests of Achievement in the fall and spring of the school year. Using hierarchical linear modeling coupled with propensity score matching, we found that children who were starting kindergarten and who had prior experience in prekindergarten had higher scores on measures of phonological awareness, early reading, and mathematics skills than did children who had not attended prekindergarten previously, even though they were essentially the same age. Fall vocabulary scores did not differ in relation to whether children had prekindergarten experience. In addition, although children who attended kindergarten as well as those who attended prekindergarten exhibited growth on all measures during the school year, children who attended kindergarten demonstrated greater gains in early reading and vocabulary during the school year. Practice or Policy: These findings highlight the potential of early schooling processes to facilitate children's intellectual growth. 相似文献