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1.
跳高、排球运动员膝关节屈伸肌群生物力学的特征 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
通过应用Cybex-6000等速测试系统对22名排球运动员和28名跳高运动员膝关节肌力进行等速向心肌力测试,以探讨排球、跳高两个不同项目运动员膝关节屈伸等速肌力特征及差别.测试结果表明:跳高运动员优势腿、非优势腿股四头肌相对峰力矩在360(o)/s和90(o)/s上均大于排球运动员;而排球运动员腘绳肌相对峰力矩与跳高运动员无明显差异,排球运动员双侧腘绳肌峰力矩(90(o)/s)差异程度显著小于跳高运动员;排球运动员在90(o)/s的速度下测得的股四头肌与胭绳肌峰力矩比值(H/Q)要显著低于跳高运动员,随着角速度的变化(90~360(o)/s),排球运动员和跳高运动员股四头肌与胭绳肌峰力矩比值(H/Q)均随之增大. 相似文献
2.
下肢功能测试（单脚跳远、单脚侧向跳、单脚箱跳和单脚8字跳）可较好评估前十字韧带功能不良，但目前相关应用研究较少。本研究对15名接受前十字韧带重建术重返赛场的女子运动员，平均年龄（22.3±3.5） 岁，重返时间为术后9~12个月依次完成KOOS量表、等速肌力测试和下肢功能测试，采用配对T检验比较手术腿与健侧腿的下肢功能测试和等速肌力成绩的差异。采用皮尔逊积差相关系数检验全部测试结果的相关性。结果发现，单脚跳远成绩患侧腿明显低于健侧腿，箱跳成绩患侧腿低于健侧腿，8字跳和侧向跳成绩两侧无差异； 60°/s伸展、180°/s屈曲峰力矩患侧腿与健侧腿存在差异；单腿跳远成绩与60°/s伸展峰力矩具有相关性（r=0.605），箱跳成绩与180°/s屈曲峰力矩具有相关性（r=0.560）。表明ACLR术后9~12个月重返赛场的女子运动员仍普遍存在股四头肌力量和腘绳肌力量耐力对称性不良，应避免全力的制动和起跳落地动作；运动员重返赛前应该通过膝关节等速肌力和下肢功能测试完整了解膝关节功能的恢复情况；而KOOS评分量表用于运动员ACLR术后重返赛场决策敏感度不佳。 相似文献
3.
优秀水球运动员膝关节肌群等速向心收缩力量特征研究 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
屈建华 《武汉体育学院学报》2005,39(10):86-88
利用等速测试及康复系统对优秀水球运动员膝关节肌群进行等速向心收缩测试与分析,结果发现,峰力矩可作为评价水球运动员膝关节肌力大小的一个敏感指标,峰力矩值越大,肌肉做功能力越强,做功效率越高。水球运动员膝关节慢速肌力与快速肌力呈非常显著相关,其左右膝关节肌力相当平衡,快速屈伸肌比率大于慢速屈伸肌,屈肌的慢速力量较弱。 相似文献
4.
男子皮艇、划艇运动员膝关节等速向心肌力异同性探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过应用Cybex-6000等速测试系统对12名男子皮艇运动员和12名划艇运动员膝关节肌力进行测试,以探讨划艇、男子皮艇运动员两个不同项目运动员膝关节肌力特征及差别。测试结果表明:划艇运动员跪腿、非跪腿股四头肌峰力矩在360°/s和90°/s上均大于男子皮艇运动员,而划艇运动员绳肌峰力矩与男子皮艇运动员无明显差异;而划艇运动员双侧绳肌峰力矩(90°/s)差异程度显著大于男子皮艇运动员;划艇运动员在90°/s的速度下测得的股四头肌/绳肌峰力矩比值(H/Q)要显著高于男子皮艇运动员;随着角速度的增快(90°/s→360°/s),并且划艇运动员和男子皮艇运动员股四头肌/绳肌峰力矩比值(H/Q)均随之增大;没有发现不同水平的球员之间膝关节等速肌力测试结果存在很大差异。 相似文献
5.
排球、足球运动员膝关节等速向心肌力测试比较研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
韦斌斌 《西安体育学院学报》2010,27(5)
通过应用Cybex-6000等速测试系统对28名排球运动员和46名足球运动员(5名守门员、16名后卫、15名中场、10名前锋)膝关节肌力进行测试,以探讨排球、足球两个不同项目运动员膝关节肌力特征及差别.测试结果表明:排球运动员优势腿、非优势腿股四头肌峰力矩在360 °/s和90 °/s上均大于足球运动员,而排球运动员腘绳肌峰力矩与足球运动员无明显差异;而排球运动员双侧腘绳肌峰力矩(90 °/s)差异程度显著小于足球运动员;排球运动员在90 °/s的速度下测得的股四头肌/腘绳肌峰力矩比值(H/Q)要显著低于足球运动员随着角速度的增快(90 °/s→360 °/s),并且排球运动员和足球运动员股四头肌/腘绳肌峰力矩比值(H/Q)均随之增大;没有发现不同位置的球员之间膝关节等速肌力测试结果存在很大差异. 相似文献
6.
髌腱末端病运动员膝关节屈伸峰力矩和表面肌电图的变化特征 总被引：6，自引：2，他引：4
目的:比较与分析髌腱末端病运动员膝关节力学特征和股四头肌表面肌电图的变化规律,为髌腱末端病的预防与治疗提供参考依据;方法:20名运动员为实验对象,(正常对照组10名,髌腱末端病组10名),分别进行膝关节力量和sEMG的测试,比较与分析膝关节屈肌力矩、伸肌力矩和股四头肌sEMG的变化;结果:1)在等长运动时,末端病组的伸肌PT明显小于对照组、F/E比值明显大于对照组;2)在等速运动时,末端病组的伸肌PT明显小于对照组,并随着运动角速度增加而变化显著;3)末端病组iEMG的VM/VL比值在等长运动和等速运动时,均明显低于对照组;结论:髌腱末端病运动员膝关节屈肌与伸肌的力量差距较为突出,存在股内侧肌活动低下和股内侧肌与股外侧肌之间不平衡的现象. 相似文献
7.
运用JE-TB0810八通道肌电采集测试系统和ISOMED2000等速测试训练系统,对两名国际健将级跆拳道运动员分别进行肌电和等速肌力测试,旨在确定跆拳道运动员后横踢技术动作的主要发力肌肉、肌肉用力持续时间、肌肉用力大小以及肌肉用力的协调性;其次是诊断影响后横踢技术动作的髋、膝关节在不同运动速度下肌力的屈伸比例、异侧同名肌群的肌力比例和肌肉功率特征.研究发现:在后横踢左脚前右脚后的实战动作技术中,主要发力肌肉是右股二头肌、左右侧臀大肌、右股直肌、左右股内侧肌、左股直肌、腓肠肌.在诊断分析影响后横踢技术动作时,需要考虑髋、膝关节屈伸肌力和做功功率的平衡性,以及左右侧同名肌群肌力和功率的大小. 相似文献
8.
利用近红外光谱技术监测等速肌力测试过程中肌氧饱和度的变化特征,以期探讨肌氧饱和度与局部肌肉耐力之间的关系。采用等速肌力测试,以北京国安三线10名足球运动员为研究对象,采用20次240°/s的膝关节屈伸运动方案,同时用近红外光谱技术实时、连续监测运动中股外肌的氧饱和度变化。结果:肌氧饱和度下降幅度与做功下降率之间存在一定的相关性。 相似文献
9.
排球运动员下肢肌力与肌电特征的相关研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
采用实验法,通过美国产艾力尔智能化力量诊断与训练系统(ACES)和芬兰产Megawin6000肌电仪相结合,探索排球运动员下肢膝关节等速运动状态下肌力、肌电特征以及二者的相互关系,为应用积分肌电评价排球运动员专项力量素质奠定基础,为设计专项力量训练方法、预防运动损伤提供科学依据。研究结果表明排球运动员膝关节等速肌力特征符合Hill方程和力速曲线关系;膝关节等速测试运动期间采集到的股四头肌肌电信号可以客观地评价积分肌电与肌力指标之间的关系,指导专项力量训练实践。 相似文献
10.
11.
The aim of this study was to assess isokinetic torque, work and power between non-injured, ACL (anterior cruciate ligament)-deficient and ACL-reconstructed individuals. Ten healthy, non-injured individuals, seven unilateral ACL-deficient individuals and six unilateral ACL-reconstructed individuals were assessed for isokinetic quadriceps and hamstring strength at 1.05 and 3.14 rad ·s -1 . Peak torque, total work, average power and the ratio of peak torque to body mass were computed for both velocities. Peak torque was also corrected for body mass, using allometric modelling. The non-injured individuals showed significantly greater quadriceps peak torque to body mass ratios than the ACL-deficient and ACL-reconstructed individuals at both velocities, and greater hamstring peak torque to body mass ratios than the ACL-deficient group at 3.14 rad · s -1 ( P ? 0.05). The ACL-deficient individuals displayed greater quadriceps and hamstring peak torque, total work and average power than the non-injured individuals at 1.05 rad · s -1 ( P ? 0.05). The ACL-deficient individuals also displayed significantly greater peak torque, total work and average power than the ACL-reconstructed individuals for the quadriceps at both velocities ( P ? 0.05). The ACL-deficient individuals demonstrated greater hamstring peak torque and total work than the non-injured individuals at both velocities ( P ? 0.05). The allometrically modelled peak torques at both isokinetic velocities demonstrated that the quadriceps muscle values were significantly higher in the non-involved than the involved limb. The hamstring peak torques corrected for body mass were significantly higher in the non-involved than the involved limb only at 1.05 rad ·s -1 . The main finding from the present study is that isokinetic measures in ratio-scaled or absolute units yield a different outcome and, hence, interpretation compared with the allometric approach. 相似文献
12.
Sarah Parkin Alex V. Nowicky Olga M. Rutherford Alison H. McGregor 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(7):521-526
The aim of this study was to establish whether asymmetry of the strength of the leg and trunk musculature is more prominent in rowers than in controls. Nineteen oarsmen and 20 male controls matched for age, height and body mass performed a series of isokinetic and isometric strength tests on an isokinetic dynamometer. These strength tests focused on the trunk and leg muscles. Comparisons of strength were made between and within groups for right and left symmetry patterns, hamstring :quadriceps ratios, and trunk flexor and extensor ratios. The results revealed no left and right asymmetries in either the knee extensor or flexor strength parameters (including both isometric and isokinetic measures). Knee extensor strength was significantly greater in the rowing population, but knee flexor strength was similar between the two groups. No difference was seen between the groups for the hamstring:quadriceps strength ratio. In the rowing population, stroke side had no influence on leg strength. No differences were observed in the isometric strength of the trunk flexors and extensors between groups, although EMG activity was significantly higher in the rowing population. Patterns of asymmetry of muscle activity were observed between the left and right erector spinae muscles during extension, which was significantly related to rowing side ( P < 0.01). These observations could be related to the high incidence of low back pain in oarsmen. 相似文献
13.
The aim of this study was to assess isokinetic torque, work and power between non-injured, ACL (anterior cruciate ligament)-deficient and ACL-reconstructed individuals. Ten healthy, non-injured individuals, seven unilateral ACL-deficient individuals and six unilateral ACL-reconstructed individuals were assessed for isokinetic quadriceps and hamstring strength at 1.05 and 3.14 rad.s-1. Peak torque, total work, average power and the ratio of peak torque to body mass were computed for both velocities. Peak torque was also corrected for body mass, using allometric modelling. The non-injured individuals showed significantly greater quadriceps peak torque to body mass ratios than the ACL-deficient and ACL-reconstructed individuals at both velocities, and greater hamstring peak torque to body mass ratios than the ACL-deficient group at 3.14 rad.s-1 (P < 0.05). The ACL-deficient individuals displayed greater quadriceps and hamstring peak torque, total work and average power than the non-injured individuals at 1.05 rad.s-1 (P < 0.05). The ACL-deficient individuals also displayed significantly greater peak torque, total work and average power than the ACL-reconstructed individuals for the quadriceps at both velocities (P < 0.05). The ACL-deficient individuals demonstrated greater hamstring peak torque and total work than the non-injured individuals at both velocities (P < 0.05). The allometrically modelled peak torques at both isokinetic velocities demonstrated that the quadriceps muscle values were significantly higher in the non-involved than the involved limb. The hamstring peak torques corrected for body mass were significantly higher in the non-involved than the involved limb only at 1.05 rad.s-1. The main finding from the present study is that isokinetic measures in ratio-scaled or absolute units yield a different outcome and, hence, interpretation compared with the allometric approach. 相似文献
14.
The aim of this study was to establish whether asymmetry of the strength of the leg and trunk musculature is more prominent in rowers than in controls. Nineteen oarsmen and 20 male controls matched for age, height and body mass performed a series of isokinetic and isometric strength tests on an isokinetic dynamometer. These strength tests focused on the trunk and leg muscles. Comparisons of strength were made between and within groups for right and left symmetry patterns, hamstring: quadriceps ratios, and trunk flexor and extensor ratios. The results revealed no left and right asymmetries in either the knee extensor or flexor strength parameters (including both isometric and isokinetic measures). Knee extensor strength was significantly greater in the rowing population, but knee flexor strength was similar between the two groups. No difference was seen between the groups for the hamstring: quadriceps strength ratio. In the rowing population, stroke side had no influence on leg strength. No differences were observed in the isometric strength of the trunk flexors and extensors between groups, although EMG activity was significantly higher in the rowing population. Patterns of asymmetry of muscle activity were observed between the left and right erector spinae muscles during extension, which was significantly related to rowing side (P < 0.01). These observations could be related to the high incidence of low back pain in oarsmen. 相似文献
15.
《European Journal of Sport Science》2013,13(5):311-319
Abstract Despite the widespread use of isokinetic eccentric muscle endurance protocols, no research has examined the absolute and relative reliability of such tests. The aim of this study was to examine the reliability of an isokinetic eccentric knee muscle endurance task. Fifteen healthy untrained males volunteered to take part in the study and written informed consent was obtained. The procedures received approval from the University Research Ethics Committee. Participants visited the laboratory on three separate occasions: 2 weeks before testing to familiarize them with the experimental procedures, and on two separate occasions, 2 weeks apart and at the same time of day. Isokinetic eccentric knee extension and flexion movements of the dominant limb were performed using a calibrated dynamometer (Biodex System 3). Range of motion during testing was set using voluntary maximal full extension (0 rad) to 1.57 rad of knee flexion and testing was conducted at 1.56 rad · s?1. Participants performed four maximal efforts to determine maximal peak torque. After 2 min rest, participants completed the all-out endurance test of 50 continuous eccentric repetitions. Data were gravity corrected and windowed to only include constant velocity periods. Repeated-measures analyses of variance were used to examine differences in maximal peak extension and flexion torque and the maximal torque measurement recorded during the endurance test. Absolute and relative reliability of the torque fatigue index, work fatigue index, and total work were assessed through calculation of intra-class correlation coefficients, coefficients of variation, and absolute 95% limits of agreement using the methods described by Bland and Altman (1986). Differences between the strength test and the endurance trial for peak torque were found to be non-significant for both quadriceps (323 vs. 323 N · m) and hamstrings (183 vs. 178 N · m). The intra-class correlation coefficients revealed significant (P<0.05) positive moderate to strong correlations (r=0.44–0.94) across repeated trials for all parameters except hamstring torque fatigue (P=0.11) and hamstring work fatigue index (P=0.08). Coefficients of variation ranged from 6% to 48% and were large for the work fatigue index and torque fatigue index but acceptable for total work for both the extensors and flexors. The 95% limits of agreement indicated systematic bias in repeated trials for both the work fatigue index and torque fatigue index for extensors and flexors, ranging from ?3% to ?10%, with less fatigue evident in the second test. There was also systematic bias for total work, with more work being performed during the second than the first test for both extensors and flexors. The random error was large for all variables and there was greater random error in the hamstrings compared with the quadriceps. Together with moderate to strong intra-class correlation coefficients and large coefficients of variation, the data suggest that there is small systematic bias in repeated eccentric muscle actions for both the quadriceps and hamstrings, although the random error was large despite habituation procedures. Therefore, data from an isokinetic eccentric muscle endurance task should be viewed with some caution even when participants receive considerable habituation before assessment. 相似文献
16.
In this study, we compared hamstring (H) and quadriceps (Q) strength changes in men and women, as well as changes in conventional and functional H:Q ratios following an identical 12-week resistance training program. An isokinetic dynamometer was used to assess 14 male and 14 female participants before and after the intervention, and conventional and functional H:Q ratios were calculated. Hamstring strength improved similarly in men and women, but improvement in quadriceps strength was significantly greater in men, while women showed only modest improvements. For the conventional and functional H:Q ratios, women showed significantly greater improvements than men. Both men and women were able to exceed the commonly recommended 0.6 conventional and 1.0 functional H:Q ratios after the 12-week lower-body resistance training program. 相似文献
17.
18.
Determination of the strongest possible relationship between isokinetic quadriceps and functional performance measurements in healthy females would allow sports medicine practitioners to establish normative values when examining muscular performance in injured females. Previous attempts to correlate both measurements have, however, produced inconsistent results. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of allometric scaling, isokinetic testing velocities, reciprocal and non-reciprocal isokinetic testing on the relationship between countermovement jump (CMJ) and isokinetic quadriceps torque and power in recreational females athletes. Seventeen females (age 21.0 +/- 2.0 years, body mass index 19.5 +/- 1.0 kg x m(-2)) performed isokinetic quadriceps and CMJ tests. Isokinetic peak torque and average power were obtained reciprocally and non-reciprocally at 1.05 and 3.14 rad x s(-1), and were corrected for body mass by allometric modelling. Pearson product-moment correlation (r) was used to assess the relationship between the isokinetic parameters and the CMJ measurements. Coefficients of determination (r(2)) were calculated to determine the magnitude of common variance. The r-values for all non-allometrically modelled non-reciprocal parameters were greater (r = 0.58-0.63) than isokinetic parameters obtained reciprocally (r = 0.28-0.47). Using allometric scaling, non-reciprocal isokinetic data accounted for an additional 2-9% of the CMJ height variance, and statistically significant correlations were obtained at both 1.05 and 3.14 rad x s(-1). Allometrically scaled, non-reciprocal isokinetic peak torque and average power at 1.05 rad x s(-1) had the highest correlation with CMJ (r(2) = 0.49). At both 1.05 and 3.14 rad x s(-1), non-reciprocal quadriceps parameters correlated more closely with CMJ measurements than do reciprocal contractions. Normalization for body size by allometrically scaling may further improve correlations with CMJ performance. 相似文献
19.
Timothy M. McGrath Gordon Waddington Jennie M. Scarvell Nick B. Ball Rob Creer Kevin Woods 《Journal of sports sciences》2016,34(4):289-302
Lower limb dominance (or lateral preference) could potentially effect functional performance. Clinicians are often asked to make judgements as to when a patient has sufficiently “recovered” from an injury, typically using strength and dynamic performance outcome measures. The primary purpose of this study was to systematically review the literature in relation to limb dominance within active adult populations and discuss some limitations to current methods and relate this to current clinical practice. A search of MEDLINE and CINAHL and EMBASE databases and reference lists of those articles identified was performed. Eleven articles were selected for meta-analysis. There was no statistical effect of limb dominance for any of the functional tests: isokinetic quadriceps and hamstring tests, hamstring:quadriceps ratios, single-leg hop for distance, single-leg vertical jump and vertical ground reaction force following a single-leg vertical jump. Pooled symmetry values varied from 94.6% to 99.6% across the tests, above the clinically accepted benchmark of 90% used in clinical practice. Although the results of this study must be used with discretion, asymmetries in the tasks described in this analysis should be viewed as undesirable and remedied accordingly. Further research is needed to quantify asymmetries, particularly in relation to sport-specific contexts. 相似文献
20.
Relationships between peak torque, peak angular impulse, and average power in the thigh muscles of subjects with knee damage 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
P Kannus 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》1990,61(2):141-145
The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the isometric and isokinetic peak torque (PT) (speed of movement 0, 60, and 180 deg/s) and the peak angular impulse (PAI) and average power (AP) of multiple contractions (180 deg/s) of the quadriceps and hamstrings in 29 patients with a chronic, complete deficiency of the medial collateral ligament (MCL) of the knee. At every test speed the Pearson product moment (r) and the Spearman rank (rs) correlation coefficients between the PT and PAI were highly significant for both muscle groups in the uninjured (r = .81-.97, rs = .77-.97) as well as in the MCL deficient (r = .77-.97, rs = .75-.95 knees. The results were the same between the PT and AP (uninjured knee: r = .83-.98, rs = .82-.98; MCL deficient knee: r = .78-.97, rs = .76-.97). In both knees and in both muscle groups the correlation coefficients increased toward the highest speed of the isokinetic movement, obviously because the PAI and AP were registered at that speed. In conclusion, concerning MCL deficient or uninjured knees the PAI or AP analysis may offer little additional information about thigh muscle function to that attained by more simple measurement, the PT analysis. 相似文献