共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
以活性炭固载磷钨杂多酸为催化剂,苯乙酸和乙醇为原料合成苯乙酸乙酯,考察了影响反应的因素。结果表明,反应温度为80～85℃时,n(醇)∶n(酸)=3.5∶1;催化剂用量为1.0g(苯乙酸为0.05mol的情况下);反应时间为4.5h是最适宜的反应条件。酯化率可达92.5%。 相似文献
2.
3.
何强芳 《广东教育学院学报》2010,(5):75-78
以Cu（OAc）2-NH4NO3为氧化剂氧化糠偶姻,通过考察反应时间、反应温度、氧化剂用量和冰醋酸用量对糠偶酰合成的影响,获得了最佳的合成条件为：n（Cu2＋）∶n（NH4NO3）∶n（糠偶姻）=1∶40∶32,反应温度90~95℃,回流时间90 min,获得产物的产率达87.6%.固定冰醋酸的用量为12.5 mL,将反应物的投料量增大至原来的4.00倍,对产物的产率、颜色和熔点的影响很小. 相似文献
4.
固载杂多酸催化合成苯甲酸乙酯 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
在固载杂多酸PW1 2 SiO2 催化剂存在下 ,由苯甲酸与乙醇反应合成苯甲酸乙酯。最佳合成条件为 :n(酸 ) :n(醇 ) =1∶4 .0 ,催化剂用量为苯甲酸质量的 10 % ,反应时间为 5h ,产率可达 91%。催化剂具有容易回收并可循环使用、不污染环境等优点 相似文献
5.
硫酸氢钠催化加压合成水杨酸乙酯 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以硫酸氢钠为催化剂在高压釜中合成水杨酸乙酯,产品经IR定性分析得以确认,经气相色谱检测其纯度;采用单因素试验研究了醇酸摩尔比、温度、时间、催化剂用量等因素对反应的影响。结果表明,比较适宜的反应条件为:催化剂用量为反应物总质量的4%,n(乙醇)∶n(水杨酸)=5∶1,反应时间4h,反应温度140℃,反应压力171kPa。在此反应条件下,产品收率可达85%,产品纯度大于99%。 相似文献
6.
丁满花 《衡阳师范学院学报》2007,28(6):105-107
以对羟基苯甲酸和氯化苄等为原料,以十六烷基溴化铵为相转移催化剂合成对羟基苯甲酸苄酯。通过实验考察了催化剂用量及物料配比等因素对酯化反应的影响。结果表明:微波辐射功率350W,辐射时间3min,n(对羟基苯甲酸)∶n(氯化苄)=1∶2,n(正十六烷基三甲基溴化铵)∶n(对羟基苯甲酸)=0.025,产率可达96.7%。 相似文献
7.
本文采用沉淀法制备了SO_4~2-/ZrO_2-SiO_2固体酸催化剂,而且将其应用于乙酸正丁酯的酯化反应中。考察了锆硅摩尔比、催化剂用量、焙烧温度等反应条件对催化活性的影响,并得出了最佳的酯化反应制备条件:冰乙酸与正丁醇摩尔比为1∶1.2;n(Zr)∶n(Si)为1∶5,浸渍液H_2SO_4浓度为1.5mol/L,焙烧温度为700℃,催化剂用量为3.0wt%,得到最大酯化率为85.22%,同时催化剂连续使用5次后酯化率仍能达到84.10%。 相似文献
8.
氯化铁催化合成对羟基苯甲酸丙酯 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以丙醇和对羟基苯甲酸为原料,FeCl3为催化剂,经过回流脱水酯化法合成了对羟基苯甲酸丙酯.讨论了催化酯化法中的影响因素,得到的反应最佳条件为∶n(丙醇)∶n(对羟基苯甲酸)=3∶1,n(FeCl3)∶n(对羟基苯甲酸)=0.06∶1,回流反应3h,其反应酯化率、酯的含量分别达到95%和98%以上. 相似文献
9.
采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了二氧化硅负载硅钨钼酸催化剂.以其为催化剂,对以丁酮和乙二醇为原料合成丁酮乙二醇缩酮的反应条件进行了研究,较系统地研究了酮醇物质的量比、催化剂用量、带水剂环己烷,反应时间对收率的影响.实验表明,二氧化硅负载硅钨钼酸催化剂是合成丁酮乙二醇缩酮的良好催化剂,在n（丁酮）∶n（乙二醇）=1∶1.4,催化剂用量为原料总质量的0.6%,环己烷作带水剂10 mL,反应时间75min的优化条件下,丁酮乙二醇缩酮的收率可达96.77%. 相似文献
10.
探索了酸性功能化离子液体1-(3-磺酸基)丙基-3-甲基咪唑磷酸盐的微波合成及在Mannich反应中的催化活性.利用正交实验的方法,考察了反应条件对产率的影响,结果表明,当n(对硝基苯甲醛)∶n(环已酮)∶n(苯胺)=1∶1∶1.5,催化剂用量为0.7g,微波辐射功率为400W,辐射10min时,产率可达84.56％. 相似文献
11.
罗艳萍 《读与写:教育教学刊》2008,5(6)
The communication of people partially is the communication of cultures. Culture has a direct effect on international commercial activities in all aspects. Different conceptions about time, space, equality, law and the like, lead people to deal with things in different ways. So to know cultures of the counterpart is to facil-itate our enterprises so as to have a smooth and successful communication in commercial activity. 相似文献
12.
Richard Denner 《海外英语》2007,(4):14-15
Rosco and I wait for the fishermen to return.I sit at a wooden bench near the store at Mt.Baker Resort and watch the clouds change shape. Rosco has my belt around his neck and an eight foot tow chain hooked to a tree. Dogs must be on a leash. Ducks and rabbits are loose. 相似文献
13.
Given a graph G,a subgraph C is called a clique of G if C is a complete subgraph of G maximal under inclusion and |C|≥2. A clique-transversal set S of G is a set of vertices of G such that S meets all cliques of G. The clique-transversal number, denoted as TC (G), is the minimum cardinality of a clique-transversal set in G. The clique-graph of G, denoted as K (G), is the graph obtained by taking the cliques of G as vertices, and two vertices are adjacent if and only if the corresponding cliques in G have nonempty intersection. Let F be a class of graphs G such that F={G|K(G) is a tree}. In this paper the graphs in F having independent clique-transversal sets are shown and thus TC (G)/|G|≤1/2 for all G ∈ F. 相似文献
14.
15.
16.
《海外英语》2007,(5):10-11
Many college freshmen arrive woefully unprepared to do college work, and as disadvantaged populations continue to grow, the share of the American work force that has made it through college is expected to plummet. Many experts blame that educational failure not just on high schools but also on colleges. School & College, a special report by The Chronicle, looks at efforts to fix the system. What reforms would better prepare students for college? What should schools and colleges be doing differently? How should state and federal officials help? 相似文献
17.
陈美曦 《山东教育学院学报》2008,23(2):103-107
Different nations have different social cultures, and the social culture of every nation is developing with the development of the nation, language is greatly influenced by social culture, which enables language to possess national and historical characteristics. Word is the smallest, independent, meaningful linguistic unit of language. It can well reflect the national and historical characteristics. From synchronic aspect, the social and cultural influence on word meaning is mainly embodied in conceptual and associative meanings of word. The incorrespondence of word meaning is a phenomenon that exists in both conceptual and associative meanings of word among different languages. From diachronic aspect, the development of social culture causes some changes of word meaning to some extent. Therefore, social culture plays a key role in vocabulary learning and mastery of a language. 相似文献
18.
邱崇丙 《唐山师范学院学报》2014,(1):21-23
汉字的六书,《说文》对“转注”一类,语焉不详。后世学者提及转注,也仅限于许慎所举出的例字。《汉字例说》一文,作者从转注的角度综合考虑,对部分现代常用字作了分析,跟传统的解释有所不同。希望能抛砖引玉,互相切磋,以推进学术研究。 相似文献
19.
《海外英语》2007,(4):36
There are numbers of crossroads on our long and unpredictable life journey where we totally have no idea about which direction to choose. No matter what our decision is, we should not turn back, but face the music and go ahead instead. I am this kind of girl who always does try without regretting, one example is how I dealt with my love. 相似文献