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1.
Jean Carabine 《The International Journal of Art & Design Education》2013,32(1):33-43
What makes it possible for artists to stay with the anxieties and uncertainties of the creative process? This aspect of an artist's development is rarely theorised or addressed despite it being an essential aspect of creative practice. It is a capacity, similar to tacit knowing, that is gradually acquired and learnt, and cultivated over time as part of the process of practising art and being an artist. The role of tacit knowledge as a key aspect of fine art education is well documented and is a learning experience that artists are familiar with. However, what tends to get focused on in discussions about tacit knowing are the practical, usually physical and technical, aspects of learning from experience to the exclusion of a range of mental or psychological capacities that are also a fundamental part of the tacit knowing process and vital to the learning necessary to be an artist. These mental capacities, which include being able to tolerate high levels of excitability, periods of nothingness, chaos, uncertainty and not‐knowing, are also, I suggest, passed between tutor and student as a form of tacit knowledge. This article draws on the experience of one artist, both as a learner and as an emergent practising artist, in developing this ability. The role played by art tutors in supporting student artists to develop a capacity to stay with the anxieties of the creative process is also explored. 相似文献
2.
To overcome the dysfunctional overemphasis on control and pronounced homogeneity of U.S. global leadership teams, the authors advocate a model of individual and collective development of the capacity for judgment integrity in leadership, ethics, and organizational change decisions to better address global behavioral, moral, and change complexity. They next advocate action learning processes that incorporate experience, methods, tools, and cases into organizational training programs so that the asset of acculturized organizational knowledge will capture both explicit, migratory Western knowledge and tacit, embedded non‐Western knowledge. Finally, the authors recommend three action steps global leaders can take to enhance organizational capacities that will lead to sustainable global competitive advantage. 相似文献
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M.J. Barrett Matthew Harmin Bryan Maracle Molly Patterson Christina Thomson Michelle Flowers 《Environmental Education Research》2017,23(1):131-143
Using the iterative process of action research, we identify six portals of understanding, called threshold concepts, which can be used as curricular guideposts to disrupt the socially constituted separation, and hierarchy, between humans and the more-than-human. The threshold concepts identified in this study provide focal points for a curriculum in transformative sustainability learning which (1) acknowledges non-human agency; and (2) recognizes that the capacity to work with multiple ways of knowing is required to effectively engage in the process of sustainability knowledge creation. These concepts are: there are different ways of knowing; we can communicate with non-human nature and non-human nature can communicate with us; knowing is relational; transrational intuition and embodied knowing are valuable and valid ways of knowing; worldview is the lens through which we view reality; and the power of dominant beliefs (represented in discourse) supports and/or undermines particular ways of knowing and being as in/valid. 相似文献
5.
Peter Posch 《Educational Action Research》2019,27(4):496-510
ABSTRACTThe first part of the paper positions the action research movement in the context of other research and development concepts and describes its rationale and some basic quality criteria. Action research is regarded as an umbrella term defined by two generic characteristics: substantial practitioner control of both the practice situation investigated and the research process. These characteristics leave space for considerable variation of action research approaches, depending on the values the two defining criteria take. Selected approaches are described. In the second part, two far-eastern examples of action research are selected that are rapidly gaining ground in western countries: Lesson and Learning Studies. They appear to have potential to not only provide access to practical, mostly tacit routines but to also contribute to reconverting informed knowledge into practical knowledge. A shared characteristic of Lesson and Learning Studies, the iteration of cycles of action and reflection, could be, among other factors, responsible for this transformation. The possible contribution of this feature to overcome the theory–practice divide is discussed. 相似文献
6.
Wolff‐Michael Roth 《课程研究杂志》2013,45(4):377-398
Received conceptualizations of scientific literacy are grounded in (1) the notions of ‘knowledge’, ‘concepts’, and ‘skills’ that science students have to ‘acquire’, ‘appropriate’, or ‘construct’ or (2) the notion of ‘practices’ to which they have to be ‘enculturated’ so that they become part of a ‘community of practice’. All such notions articulate scientific literacy in a static form, which does not correspond to the dynamic nature of the literacies that can be observed in society. This study proposes a dialectical notion of scientific literacy, which makes thematic its nature as a situated, distributed, collective, emergent, indeterminate, and contingent process. It articulates the idea that knowing a (scientific) language is indistinguishable from knowing one's way around the world. As a consequence, the goal of science education can no longer be to make individual students exhibit particular forms of knowledge but to provide them with contexts in which it is more important to deal with, select, and negotiate different forms of expertise and knowledgeability. This leads one to think of science education as but a part of a democratic liberal education that allows students to become competent to participate in any conversation that includes others with different forms and levels of expertise than their own. 相似文献
7.
Action research and collaborative research: their specific contributions to professional development 总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0
The increasing complexity of the teaching profession calls for engaged professionals in their professional development. This article claims that participative types of research contribute differently to professional development. Its intent is to explore the different contributions action research and collaborative research bring. One action research and one collaborative research have been conducted involving school personnel. They have been assessed mid‐course with regard to various components of professional development, including the learning taking place, changes made to professional practices and development of the collective competencies. Group interviews were conducted and each participant produced a written summary. The results show that participants’ individual competencies are strengthened, as well as collective competencies emerging such as the development of a common vocabulary and a shared vision about the school’s mission and mathematics curriculum. Learning is more relational in the action research project, and more connected to knowledge in the collaborative research project. Tensions are also present. They deal with the need to come up with concrete results, the urgency of action, the need to be open to the unknown, a tacit agreement to expose one’s vulnerability to others, the need for interdependence and for accountability. In conclusion, researchers identify their own sources of tensions and recognize that those types of research are important situations of learning. 相似文献
8.
学科体系的解构与行动体系的重构--职业教育课程内容序化的教育学解读 总被引：96，自引：0，他引：96
就业导向的职业教育课程内容,应以从业中实际应用的经验和策略的习得为主,以适度够用的概念和原理的理解为辅。课程内容序化的哲学思考在于:作为一种知识序列,课程内容序化的最重要的目标指向,在于如何使学习的主体——学生容易地接受这一序列。因此,课程序化的教育学思考强调的是学生对知识的构建过程,应以工作过程为参照系整合陈述性知识与过程性知识。课程不再片面强调建筑在静态学科体系之上的显性理论知识的复制与再现,而是着眼于蕴含在动态行动体系之中的隐性实践知识的生成与构建。实际上,“工作过程导向课程”的开发过程,是一个伴随学科体系的解构而凸显行动体系的重构的过程。 相似文献
9.
教师教学专业知识特征分析 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5
教学是一种个体化程度很高的、情境性、经验性极强的活动，它的内在特征往往显现在具体的课堂教学情境中，反映出鲜明的实践性；教学作为一种特殊的化传递活动时，它的某些专业知识是通过内隐学习方式获得的，其专业品质的提高依靠于通过经验的积累而产生的缄默知识。这种缄默性特征使得教学专业知识在一定程度上不能以语言的方式来加以传递和陈述。 相似文献
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Many scholars in the instructional systems field have addressed the paradigm shift in the field of learning psychology and its implications for instructional systems technology (IST). This article analyzes the philosophical assumptions underlying IST and its behavioral and cognitive foundations, each of which is primarily objectivistic, which means that knowing and learning are processes for representing and mirroring reality. The philosophical assumptions of objectivism are then contrasted with constructivism, which holds that knowing is a process of actively interpreting and constructing individual knowledge representations. The implications of constructivism for IST provide a context for asking the reader to consider to what extent our field should consider this philosophical paradigm shift. 相似文献
11.
知识共享及其影响因素研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
文章根据文献资料和调查研究成果,从知识共享的基本概念、目的动机、过程模式、影响因素四个方面对知识共享的本质与规律进行了比较深入的分析。文章认为知识包括显性知识与隐性知识两个部分,其中隐性知识是个人知识的主要部分。知识共享是在显性知识与隐性知识的不断相互转化中实现的。知识共享效果的好坏受到知识共享主体特点、内容特征和"共享场"环境条件的影响与制约,更多地重视隐性知识、强化显性知识与隐性知识的相互转化、为知识共享创造良好的环境条件是促进知识共享的关键。文章的研究将有利于更好地认识知识共享的本质,克服知识共享的障碍,更加有效地利用知识共享的规律促进知识的传播、创新和应用。 相似文献
12.
案例教学虽被认证为MPA教育中培养分析解决问题能力最为有效的教学方法,但由于其在教学内容及授课技巧方面都存在大量隐性知识,由此造成了MPA案例教学普及难的问题。从知识管理理论出发,论证了通过社会化、外显化、组合化和内在化等四大知识转换过程,使隐性知识外显化的可能性,并认为个人层面的反思式教学日志和组织层面的案例教学共同体都有助于隐性知识转换为显性知识,成为MPA案例教学普及的有效载体。 相似文献
13.
把默会知识与显性知识看成是一个集对,并作同异反集对分析,发现在默会知识与显性知识这两极之间存在中介知识这一宽阔的地带,中介知识是默会知识与显性知识的有机过渡和相互作用,典型的中介知识既有部分默会性又有部分显性性,一般的中介知识则具有个体差异性、不确定性和创新性等特点．中介知识的提出为推进默会知识理论在现代教育探索中的应用提供了新的思路． 相似文献
14.
Steve Estes 《Quest (Human Kinetics)》2013,65(4):392-409
Epistemology, or ways of knowing, can be used (a) to show that kinesiology employs different but complementary methods for gaining knowledge and that each method has a role to play in kinesiology, and (b) to show how epistemology can be used to organize an introductory kinesiology course or textbook. The epistemologies used to organize the subdisciplines are rationalism, empiricism, science, and subjectivism. An epistemic approach to a foundations course or textbook allows one to answer questions in the subdisciplines regarding how knowledge is evaluated, how knowledge develops, what method should be used to develop knowledge, and how knowledge can best be taught. The goal is to enable students to understand an increasingly diverse field by literally charting how methods of knowledge creation relate to the subdisciplines that compose kinesiology. 相似文献
15.
结合斯腾伯格等人关于隐性知识、教学隐性知识的相关研究,教学隐性知识可以界定为在教育情境下的、存储于个人大脑中、难以明确表述的、与教学目标实现有关的知识。以师范大学生为研究对象,对国外已有的教学隐性知识量袁进行修订,结果显示修订的量表具有较好的信、效度指标;进一步对比研究显示,师范大学生、教龄2年以内的中学教师和教龄5年以上的中学教师间的教学隐性知识水平差异显著。这表明教学隐性知识及其量化的相关研究对我国的师范教育有重要的启示意义。 相似文献
16.
Øystein Lund Johannessen 《Educational Action Research》2013,21(3):331-349
In European societies, major patterns of plurality have changed over recent decades due to modernization and globalization. In schools, these new patterns of plurality have consequences for learning processes and may be challenging for students and teachers. This article investigates these issues, taking as its point of departure the way they surfaced in the Norwegian subject-oriented research project ‘Teaching about Religious Diversity in Schools. Applying and Developing an Interpretive Cultural Approach to Religious Education’ (2007–2010). Nine teachers and two researchers worked together in a community of practice, adopting an action research mode of collaboration. Each participant carried out and documented individual development projects, mostly within their own student groups. Developments and results were discussed in regular community-of-practice workshops. The data analysed in this article were generated from these workshops and from interviews with participants. The main research question raised is how an action research project in the field of religious education can lead to professional development for the participants. More specifically, the question is how such development can be described with respect to the relationship between personal and professional aspects of teacher identity and practice. The introduction of core concepts from theories of religious education and action learning triggered a collective inquiry among the participants into their own professional knowledge. Gradually a common professional discourse developed within the community of practice, and the participants became aware of and started to investigate critically how personal values and beliefs played a role in their professional work. 相似文献
17.
Tyson Retz 《Educational Philosophy and Theory》2017,49(6):606-617
AbstractHistory educators find themselves in the peculiar situation of wishing to introduce students to the history discipline while lacking a clear conception of the features intrinsic to historical inquiry across its various specialisations and subject matters. In affirming that no one methodological charter hangs in the corridors of academic history departments, we fail to provide an adequate justification for an education in history. The doctrine that history is an exercise in disciplined knowledge, a specific way of knowing, is weakened by disciplinary disquietude and dissimilitude. Three features impress themselves upon all who inquire into the past. In the learning and teaching of history, these three features assume a distinct structural shape. First, colligation consists in grouping the events and concepts to be studied according to their shared purposes. Second, historical distance, intimately tied up with tradition and collective memory, provides the means for identifying a past separate from the present to be studied in its own right. Third, reconstruction describes the process of supplying individual content to the general categories illuminated by the earlier stages. To work knowingly in this structure of historical inquiry offers no solutions to the problems of historical thinking, it is to work productively within these problems. 相似文献
18.
Joseph A. Raelin 《Action Learning: Research and Practice》2019,16(2):123-135
Is there a viable pedagogical method to prepare people, as they engage together in their practice, for the assumption of collective leadership? In this article the author makes the case that such a method is already available via action learning but for its adoption as a collective leadership development approach. The author’s agenda is twofold: he initially seeks to explain how action learning transforms participants towards an affinity for collective leadership, and not only at the individual level of experience, but at the team and organizational levels as well. Secondly, to understand the reasoning behind the properties of action learning, he interrogates why action learning can be a propitious method to acclimate to the world of collective leadership, especially due to its practice orientation. The article closes with some applications to collective leadership along with some final cautionary remarks. 相似文献
19.
在语言表达和修辞教学当中,存在着一些没有被明确表达出来的个体经验,这是人类知识中的隐性知识。积极挖掘修辞教学当中的隐性知识,开拓使隐性知识显性化的教学方法,有利于改善修辞教学的效果,提高学习者语言运用的能力。 相似文献
20.
加强教学与生活的联系需要关注学生在生活中所获得的丰富的缄默知识。学生缄默知识的发展经历了获得与丰富、显性化、融合三个相互联系的阶段;自主反思与学习实践是学生缄默知识发展的基本方式。教师需要采用联系生活、鼓励自主反思与合作学习、回归生活等教学策略促进学生缄默知识的发展。 相似文献