共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 811 毫秒
1.
《Assessing Writing》2005,10(1):61-73
Estimates indicate that as much as 80% of an engineer's work time is spent on communicating. Studies done by the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering (ECE) at the University of Arizona show that engineering firms, as well as ECE graduates, rank writing ability as the most important skill in determining engineers’ success, even above the much more obvious technical skills that are the focus of much engineering education. Arizona's ECE Department began teaching its senior-level capstone design courses as “writing emphasis” courses to assist students in developing their writing skills prior to graduation, as well as to link communication skills and coursework to create graduates proficient in both written and oral communication. This paper describes a portfolio assessment that has been developed specifically for this context and population, and argues that this portfolio assessment demonstrates several advantages frequently called for in theory but rarely made operational. This program has provided an unusually rich practical application, showing how portfolio assessment changes assessment from a mere rating of limited and often costly tests to a continuous, integrated, and appropriate activity directly related to learning itself, while at the same time, developing the data about student. 相似文献
2.
In this paper we address Cohen's (1985) argument in “Against the New Vocationalism” by broadening the debate into an examination of how generic skills have gained a wider application with the emergence of new technology and structural enonomic change. In order to demonstrate the extent of this development, we include examples from training programmes in social and life skills for young people with learning difficulties and examine the Enterprise in Higher Education Initiative (EHEI), which, among other things, aims to give students personal and transferable skills. In this process, we extend Cohen's analysis to illustrate the diverse ways in which a behaviouristic model of skill transfer has been adopted. 相似文献
3.
Ann Alexander Jana Ulrich Tanya Davis Anne Wade 《Community College Journal of Research & Practice》2013,37(11):849-862
Much has been written about the characteristics of effective college teachers. However, skill sets have not yet been defined with any level of specificity. Also, instructors at community colleges have unique working conditions and challenges that influence how they teach. This paper illustrates the use of three studies conducted to build and validate a framework for defining the competencies of effective community college faculty. The project's culmination was a set of skills used to redesign one university's master's in education (MAEd) program in two-year college teaching. Although participants in all three studies identified subject matter expertise as an important competency, they emphasized several other skill sets as being important for meaningful student learning. Those skills are related to the use of authentic activities and multiple instructional delivery models, multiple ways of assessing student learning, and skills that are necessary outside the classroom in their teaching roles. Participants also emphasized interpersonal and affective components of effective teaching. 相似文献
4.
Wayne W. Smith 《Quest (Human Kinetics)》2013,65(3):265-274
How we learn motor skills has always been of interest to physical educators. Contemporary conceptual frameworks about motor skill learning draw from earlier behavioral and cognitive psychology learning theories. As a point of departure this paper foregrounds complexity theorizing, arguing that skill is contingent upon the performer's physical and social context. Drawing on nonlinear dynamics systems theory, ecological psychology (Gibson, 1979), its associated perception/ action coupling (Kugler and Turvey, 1988), an adaption to Gibson's ecological theory (Withagen & van der Kamp, 2010), and the sociological framework of Pierre Bourdieu (1977, 1990, 1998, 2000), it is argued that ecological perspectives and social theories that take account of the complexity of the performance contexts have a part to play in explaining how physical skills are performed and learnt. The relational properties between the learner and the context are essential elements of skill. 相似文献
5.
王思丽 《番禺职业技术学院学报》2011,(5):50-53
高职学生人文素质普遍偏低已经成为不容回避又亟待解决的问题,但高职教育依旧是重技能轻人文,压缩大学语文等公共基础课。以终身教育的理念来观照当前的高职教育,过多关注职业技能而忽略人文素质的提高是以牺牲受教育者的全面发展为代价的。好的职业教育,在培训技能的同时,更要教学生学会做人。因此,高职院校应创设多元课程结构,把职业技能的培训和人文素养的提升贯穿于整个高职教育全过程,充分发挥大学语文等相关课程对于提高学生的职业能力、陶冶情操、树立正确人生观和养成健康心理品格的作用。 相似文献
6.
Despite numerous studies on skill development, we know little about the effects of extracurricular music activities on cognitive and non-cognitive skills. This study examines how music training during childhood and youth affects the development of cognitive skills, school grades, personality, time use and ambition using data from the German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP). Our findings suggest that adolescents with music training have better school grades, are more conscientious, open and ambitious. These effects are stronger among adolescents from lower socio-economic status. In order to address the non-random selection into playing music, we take into account detailed information on the child and its parents, which may determine both the decision to pursue music lessons and educational outcomes. While lacking truly exogenous variations in music activities, our results are robust to a large range of sensitivity tests. We thereby approach causality better than previous observational studies. 相似文献
7.
Ray McAleese 《Interactive Learning Environments》2013,21(1):23-49
This paper identifies two important themes in a consideration of skill acquisition in information studies. First, the means by which students, in general, acquire competency in transferable skills such as information retrieval and information searching. Second, how information searching is a special ability that is facilitated by new technologies, such as hypermedia/server/client information systems along with knowledge elicitation and representation techniques. Following a discussion of a generalizable framework for skill acquisition, the paper considers information need—from a transferable skills perspective. The use of knowledge elicitation techniques such as graphical browsers is emphasized. The paper highlights the distinction between discovering and revealing tacit knowledge. The paper concludes with a discussion of recent work on using Multi-dimensional Scaling and other scaling techniques such as Pathfinder (PFNet) algorithms to uncover tacit knowledge in pre paration for information searching. The paper includes a number of recommendations on the way information need—as a transferable skill—can be facilitated in information studies courses. 相似文献
8.
Tina Rae 《Emotional and Behavioural Difficulties》2013,18(2):213-216
Research has identified a significant relationship between social, emotional and behavioural difficulties (SEBD) and speech, language and communication difficulties (SLCD). However, little has been published regarding the levels of knowledge and skill that practitioners working with pupils experiencing SEBD have in this important area, nor how they might more effectively detect and support SLCD in the children and young people with whom they work. This paper outlines a small-scale project intended to evaluate said knowledge and skills within an SEBD support team in central England, and to increase this team's effectiveness in detecting and supporting children experiencing SLCD. 相似文献
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10.
谭晓丽 《衡阳师范学院学报》2010,31(1):152-155
复译现象一直是中国译学界热衷讨论的话题。20世纪90年代后对复译问题的讨论、译本的比较研究和复译的理论研究反映了中国翻译研究开始由应用研究走向纯理论研究、由规范走向描写、由引进到反思、创新等发展趋势。 相似文献
11.
David Gosling 《Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education》2000,25(3):293-304
Recent discussions about learning and teaching have been strongly influenced by phenomenographic theories which focus on students' experience of learning. This theoretical orientation underestimates the importance of the tutor/student relationship. Habermas's theory of communicative action provides a model of student-tutor interaction which holds out the prospect of an 'emancipatory' adult education. By comparing two courses, both aimed at HE staff and both using forms of negotiated assessment, this paper examines the possibility of approaching the Habermassian 'ideal speech situation'. The course participants' experience of negotiated assessment is evaluated against the declared philosophy of the tutors. Although many of the ideals of the tutors found confirmation in the experience of the participants, the paper explores the factors which influenced the greater success achieved by one of the courses in approaching the Habermassian ideal than the other. 相似文献
12.
Emma van der Vliet Andrew Deacon 《British journal of educational technology : journal of the Council for Educational Technology》2004,35(2):213-222
Film and media courses appear well placed to exploit technology convergence in exposing students both to practical skills and to theoretical concepts. For the University of Cape Town's (UCT) large film and media studies courses, it is impractical simply to use the technology of professionals as this would typically be too expensive to purchase and time‐consuming to run. Our approach has been to develop activities that can run with large classes in generic computer laboratories and which simulate environments and tools of the real world. Two illustrative examples, emphasising writing skills in context, involve the production of a TV news story and the development of a proposal for an educational soap opera. Using these, we reflect on our experience of integrating practical skills into the curriculum of a traditional academic institution, where these skills have a lower status and must be sufficiently flexible to accommodate changes in the higher‐status academic components. This suggests that such flexibility has to be part of the design of practical interventions and that they should additionally aim to provide a challenge to some of the more theoretical aspects of these courses. While developing one's own interventions allows for some of this flexibility to be incorporated into the design, it remains difficult for academic departments to adopt these solutions as their own, thus requiring continued involvement of the original developers to adapt to changes. 相似文献
13.
Ellu Saar 《Journal of Education & Work》2017,30(5):531-551
Ageing populations and accelerating economic change make it increasingly important to update the skill levels of populations over the whole life course. Adult education is believed to allow adults’ skills to adapt continuously to constantly changing economic requirements. Both research into adult education, and discussions on lifelong learning policies have been dominated by a supply side view of the labour market (the human capital approach), which has tended to underplay the role of the demand side of the labour market. This paper aims to extend previous analyses by examining how both labour supply and demand characteristics influence participation in non-formal job-related education in countries with different skill formation systems. The paper emphasises skill use at work. The purpose is to understand better the relationship between participation in adult education and workers’ skills profiles as well as the extent to which those skills are used in jobs and how this relationship differs in different countries. We used data from the Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies and applied logistic regression analysis. 相似文献
14.
Will Gibson 《British Educational Research Journal》2009,35(5):705-721
This paper uses Conversation Analysis to investigate the ways in which participants in an online asynchronous postgraduate reading group managed and negotiated their contributions within the discussion. Using the conversation analytic concerns with sequential organisation, adjacency pairs and topicality, this article shows the analytic insights that this perspective can bring to the examination of written asynchronous discourse. The paper shows that in the section of the discussion analysed here, the discourse displayed remarkable similarities to the ways in which face-to-face conversation has been seen to operate in terms of the organisation of conversational turns, the application of specific interactional rights, the lineal development of topics of conversation and the structural use of question-answer turn pairs. The paper concludes by showing how this form of analysis can relate to the formation of reflexive pedagogy in which course design can be created to take account of such findings. It shows how a detailed understanding of how pedagogy is played out in interaction is fundamental for reflecting on the relationship between pedagogic aims and educational practice. 相似文献
15.
Metrical stress sensitivity in young children and its relationship to phonological awareness and reading 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Clare Wood 《Journal of Research in Reading》2006,29(3):270-287
This paper reports two studies of young English‐speaking children's ability to cope with changes to the metrical stress pattern of spoken words and the relationship between this ability, phonological awareness and early reading development. Initially, 39 children aged 4 and 5 years were assessed on their ability to identify mispronounced words, including words that had their metrical stress pattern reversed. The children were significantly worse at identifying words that had their metrical stress pattern reversed than words that were mispronounced in other ways. The second study was a cross‐sectional comparison of 31 5, 6 and 7‐year‐old children's performance on the metrical stress reversal condition of the mispronunciation task. Measures of the children's written language skills and phonological awareness were also taken. The 7‐year‐old children outperformed the 5‐year‐olds on the metrical stress task. Performance on this measure was associated with most of the measures of phonological awareness and literacy, and was associated with rhyme awareness and spelling ability after age had been taken into account. Moreover, metrical stress sensitivity could account for variance in spelling ability after phonological awareness had been taken into account, and after vocabulary had been taken into account. This suggests that stress sensitivity may influence spelling development in a way that is independent of its contribution to phonological representations. 相似文献
16.
Morphological skills have previously been found to reliably predict reading skill, including word reading, vocabulary, and comprehension. However, less is known about how morphological skills might contribute to writing skill, aside from its well-documented role in the development of spelling. This correlational study examines whether morphological skill, as measured by a sentence generation task tapping both derivational morphology and meta-syntactic skills, predicts performance on a standardized essay writing task for fifth- and eighth-grade U.S. students (N = 233), after controlling for grade level, comprehension, and writing fluency. Multilevel analyses indicated that morphological skill and writing fluency were each uniquely predictive of essay quality, and this finding was consistent regardless of whether accurate spelling was required in the morphological task. Our results suggest that morphological skills play an important role in writing, as has been previously documented in reading and spelling. 相似文献
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18.
Effective teachers are characterized by their abilities to make thoughtful, deliberate, and informed adaptations while teaching (Hoffman & Pearson, 2000). These in-the-moment teaching decisions are guided by a complex web of teacher knowledge. Raising teachers' awareness of the decisions they make on a moment-by-moment basis may aid in thoughtful, more deliberate decision-making and more robust instruction. We charge that preservice teachers can acquire this skill, as well. This article highlights practices employed in preservice teacher education courses as a means to promote awareness of, and engagement with, in-the-moment teaching decisions. Using examples from mathematics, social studies, and literacy methods courses, we describe our processes to intentionally cultivate preservice teachers' adaptive teaching skills through metacognitive decision-making. 相似文献
19.
This study is an examination of the state of the liberal arts curriculum in community colleges in three geographic regions of the United States. From a constructivist paradigm and using globalization theory as a theoretical framework, this multiple case study examined faculty work life and administrative processes related to curriculum change in merged community and technical colleges. Through an examination of research on globalization, mergers, and trends in the general education and liberal arts curriculum, a gap in the literature emerged in the studies of community college curriculums after merger. This study considers whether the focus on workforce development and decrease in the transfer mission has diminished the liberal arts courses in the college curriculum. Research on liberal arts courses identified them as courses that emphasize higher order thinking and the development of intellectual skills needed to engage in a democratic society. If students are not exposed to these skills, it may have a detrimental effect on a democratic society. Study findings suggested that the English and communication curriculums are narrowing and the mission is more toward workforce skill preparation. Also, the changing demographics of today[#x02019]s community college students, as well as the ongoing budget constraints, create challenges and frustrations for faculty members. 相似文献
20.
个性化教育在发达国家的发展、本质分析及我国的策略选择 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
孟祥林 《湖南广播电视大学学报》2005,(3):39-41
个性化教育是在充分认识教育效果基础上所提出的一个热点话题.个性化教育对提高一个国家的国际竞争力存在深远影响.美俄等国通过实施个性化的课程设置、培养个性思维,使得个性化教育得到充分发展,个性化教育的内涵在于从人的主体性、创造性着手,使教育具有针对性.这种教育模式着眼现在、放眼未来.个性化教育、创新教育和素质教育三者是统一的,我国应该通过发展研究型教育推进个性教育的发展. 相似文献