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1.
以茶碱为印迹分子,甲基丙烯酸为功能单体,N-异丙基丙烯酰胺为温度敏感性单体,乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯为交联剂,偶氮二异丁腈为引发剂,制备了具有温敏特性的分子印迹水凝胶。该印迹凝胶不仅对外界温度变化具有特定的体积相变行为,而且在印迹分子溶液中表现出特异吸附选择性,其孔穴可以通过改变自身形状来适应模板分子结构大小而诱导体积变化,而空白聚合物不具有此种特性。 相似文献
2.
核壳橡胶粒子低温增韧环氧树脂的研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文采用具有核壳结构的橡胶(Core-shell Rubber,CSR)粒子低温增韧环氧树脂.研究表明,添加质量分数为0.5wt%的CSR粒子可明显改善环氧树脂的低温冲击性能;随着CSR粒子质量分数的增加,复合材料的玻璃化转变温度降低,但低温下的储能模量显著提高.形貌分析表明,质量分数为0.5wt%的CSR粒子可均匀分散在环氧树脂基体中,随着CSR粒子质量分数的增加,其在环氧树脂基体中呈团聚状分散. 相似文献
3.
The shelf life of pure amorphous sucrose systems, such as cotton candy, can be very short. Previous studies have shown that amorphous sucrose systems held above the glass transition temperature will collapse and crystallize. One study, however, showed that adding a small percent of another type of sugar, such as trehalose, to sucrose can extend the shelf life of the amorphous system by slowing crystallization. This study explores the hypothesis that raffinose increases the stability of an amorphous sucrose system. Cotton candy at 5 wt% raffinose and 95 wt% sucrose was made and stored at room temperature and three different relative humidities （%RH） 11%RH, 33%RH, and 43%RH. XRD patterns, and glass transition temperatures were obtained to determine the stability as a function of%RH. The data collected showed that raffinose slows sucrose crystallization in a low moisture amorphous state above the glass transition temperature and therefore improves the stability of amorphous sucrose systems. 相似文献
4.
The influence of calcination temperature on TiO2 nanotubes' catalysis for TiO2/UV/O3 was investigated. TiO2 nanotubes (TNTs) were prepared via the sol-gel method and calcined at 300-700℃, which were labeled as TNTs-300, TNTs-400, TNTs-500, TNTs-600 and TNTs-700, respectively. TNTs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). It is found that TNTs calcined at 400 ℃ showed the best thermal stability. When the calcination temperature increased from 400 ℃ to 700 ℃, the special structure of tubes was destroyed and gradually converted into nanorods and/or particles. The transformation from anatase to rutile occurred at 600 ℃, and the rutile phase was enhanced when the calcination temperature was increased to over 600 ℃. The calcina-tion temperature's influence on TNTs' adsorption activity for chemical oxygen demand (COD) and catalytic activity for TiO2/UV/O3 was investigated in landfill leachate solution. In landfill leachate solution, the adsorption activity of COD decreased in the reduced order of TNTs-300, TNTs-400, TNTs-500, TNTs-600 and TNTs-700. In photocatalytic ozonation, TNTs-400 showed the best catalytic activity while TNTs-700 exhibited the worst. In other three processes, the COD removal of TNTs-300/UV/O3 was higher than those of TNTs-500/UV/O3 and TNTs-600/UV/O3 in the first 20 min, and then became close to those of the latter two in the following 40 min. Compared with TNTs-300 and TNTs-400, TNTs-600 had the best anti-fouling activity, while TNTs-500 and TNTs-700 had lower anti-fouling activity than the former three. In photocatalytic ozonation, the calcination temperature of 400 ℃ was appropriate when TNTs were obtained at the synthesis temperature of 105 ℃. 相似文献
5.
A series of polysulfonamide （PSA）/TiO 2 modifier nano-composite films were successfully prepared by in-situ polymerization at a low temperature based on 4, 4-diaminodiphenylsulfone and terephthaloyl chloride in the common solvent N, N-dimethylacetamide （DMAc）. It was shown that the nano particles were well dispersed in the polymer substrate. Mean-while, PSA/TiO 2 /modifier composites exhibited good UV-resistant properties and mechanical properties. In addition, the composites’ heat stability improved. These prepared composites are promising in preparing spinning solution and might have potential application in heat-resistant fiber. 相似文献
6.
利用化学共沉淀法制备了磁性Fe3O4纳米微粒,用硅烷偶联剂MPS对所制备的磁性微粒进行表面有机改性,并用FTIR、XRD、TEM、XPS等表征方法对样品进行了表征,结果表明:MPS已经很好地键连到了磁性Fe3O4纳米微粒的表面。改性的磁性Fe3O4纳米微粒具有亲水和亲油两种性质,采用改性后的磁性微粒可以显著改善磁性微球的性能指标。 相似文献
7.
益智仁对束缚应激致大鼠海马神经元NMDA受体亚基NR2B表达的调节作用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了研究益智仁对束缚应激致大鼠海马神经元NMDA受体亚基NR2B表达的调节作用,将30只SD大鼠随机等分为正常对照组、模型对照组和益智仁治疗组。模型对照组、益智仁治疗组大鼠每日束缚1次,连续3周。益智仁治疗组束缚前给予益智仁水提取物灌胃。采用免疫组织化学方法,观察益智仁水提取物对束缚应激大鼠海马神经元NMDA受体亚基NR2B表达的调节作用。结果显示NR2B阳性产物呈深棕色或棕褐色,主要沉积在CA1区和CA3区锥体细胞的细胞膜周边。与正常对照组比较,模型对照组的NR2B阳性产物明显增多(P﹤0.01);益智仁治疗组与模型对照组比较,NR2B阳性产物明显减少(P﹤0.05)。实验结果提示益智仁能够降低束缚应激大鼠海马CA1区和CA3区NMDA受体亚基NR2B的表达。 相似文献
8.
中性红水溶液电离平衡体系的紫外可见吸收光谱特征是酸式HNR+最大吸收峰542 nm与碱式NR最大吸收峰 457～ 470 nm叠合在一起.当pH值升高时,碱式吸收峰强度逐渐增大,酸式吸收峰强度逐渐减小.首次将高斯多峰拟合技术用于中性红水溶液电离平衡体系紫外可见吸收光谱分析,实现了酸式和碱式叠合峰的分峰拟合计算,得到两个吸收峰的积分面积,即峰强度S1和S2.S1和S,之比与NR-和HNR+浓度之比成正比,进而计算中性红水溶液酸离解常数pKa.26.4℃时,用本方法测量的pKa值为7.20,拟合优度精度高,R2、Chi2分别达到0.999和10-5 ～10-6.拟合计算结果还表明:随着体系pH值增加,中性红碱式吸收峰发生显著蓝移.这种波长位移引起由固定波长建立起来的浓度与吸光度的线性关系发生偏离,引起约3％系统误差高斯多峰拟合技术改进的pKa分光光度测量方法可广泛用于此类多组分体系紫外可见吸收光谱研究. 相似文献
9.
研究用于Ni-P/Al2O3化学复合镀液的Al2O3悬浮液分散剂.将140 nm的α-Al2O3干粉与表面活性剂溶液混合,采用高速机械搅拌和超声波分散Al2O3悬浮液.通过分光光度计测定悬浮液吸光度,用PdCl2测试镀液稳定性;通过孔隙率试验和结合力试验测试化学复合镀层性能,用SEM和EDS测试镀层形貌和化学成分.试验结果表明,阴离子型表面活性剂与非离子型表面活性剂复配,对Al2O3悬浮液的分散稳定有较好的协同效果,适宜的复配分散剂组成为：20 mg/L十二烷基硫酸钠,150 mg/L Tween-80,80 mg/L聚乙二醇.用其配置2 g/L纳米Al2O3悬浮液,静置24 h后吸光度为1.595.该悬浮液配置的镀液稳定性试验时间为165 s,镀速为16.5μm/h.复合镀层中Al2O3粒子呈弥散状分布,Al2O3含量为0.77%.镀层光亮、致密.孔隙率为0.06个/cm2.结合力符合GB/T13913-92标准.该复配分散剂适应于Ni-P/Al2O3化学复合镀液. 相似文献
10.
以非洛地平原料药为模板,分别采用丙烯酰胺,甲基丙烯酸及其两者按（1：1）的混合为功能单体,加入交联剂二甲基丙烯酸乙二醇酯,采用封管聚合法制备非洛地平的分子印迹聚合物,实验结果通过Scatchard方程分析可知,非洛地平（甲基丙烯酸）分子聚合物对非洛地平有着良好的选择性,可进一步应用于临床非洛地平药物的分离富集和检测. 相似文献
11.
采用高温溶液缩聚方法合成了一系列含偶氮侧基的聚酯型热致液晶高分子,利用红外光谱、元素分析、TG－DTA、热台偏光显微镜及X-射线衍射等手段对聚合物的结构、热稳定性、相转变行为及结晶性能进行了研究.结果表明,所合成的各聚合物均为向列相液晶高分子,而且它们均具有较高的玻璃化转变温度及很好的热稳定性. 相似文献
12.
Low valence vanadium oxide（VO2-x） thin films were prepared on SiO2/Si substrates at room temperature by direct current facing targets reactive magnetron sputtering, and then processed through rapid thermal annealing. The effects of the annealing on the structure and phase transition property of VO2 were discussed. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction technique and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were employed to study the phase composition and structure of the thin films. The resistance-temperature property was measured. The results show that VO2 thin film is obtained after annealed at 320℃ for 3 h, its phase transition temperature is 56 ℃, and the resistance changes by more than 2 orders. The vanadium oxide thin films are applicable in thermochromic smart windows, and the deposition and annealing process is compatible with micro electromechanical system process. 相似文献
13.
14.
Study on the neurotoxic effects of low-level lead exposure in rats 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
Objective: To investigate effects of developmental lead exposure on nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity in different brain regions and on N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor mRNA expression in the hippocampus of rats. On the basis of these observations, we explored possible mechanisms by which lead exposure leads to impaired learning and memorizing abilities in children. Methods: A series of rat animal models exposed to low levels of lead during the developing period was established (drinking water containing 0.025%, 0.05% and 0.075% lead acetate). NOS activities in the hippocampus, the cerebral cortex, the cerebellum and the brain stem were determined with fluorescence measurement and levels of mRNA expression of the NMDA receptor 2A (NR2A) subunit and NMDA receptor 2B (NR2B) subunit in the rat hippocampus were measured with Retro-translation (RT-PCR). Results: There were no differences in the body weight of rat pups between any of the groups at any given time (P>0.05). The blood lead level of Pb-exposed rat pups showed a systematic pattern of change: at 14 d of age, it was lower than that at 7 d of age, then rising to the peak level at 21 d and finally falling to lower levels at 28 d. The hippocampal NOS activities of lead-exposed groups were all lower than that of the control group on the 21st and 28th day (P<0.01). NOS activities in the cerebellum of lead-exposed groups were all lower than that of the control group on the 21st and 28th day (P<0.001) and the NOS activity of the 0.025% group was significantly lower than that of the 0.05% and 0.075% groups on the 28th day (P<0.05). NOS activity in the cerebral cortex of the 0.075% group was significantly lower than that of the control, 0.025% and 0.05% groups on the four day spans (P<0.001). There was no significant difference of NOS activity in the brain stem between any lead-exposed group and the control group on the four day spans. In the 0.05% and the 0.075% groups, the level of NR2A mRNA expression was higher than that in the control group at 7 d and 14 d of age (P<0.05). In the 0.025% group, the level of NR2A was found to be higher than that in the control group at 7 d of age only (P<0.05). No significant differences were found for the levels of NR2B mRNA expression between any of the groups at any given time. Conclusions: NOS activity in the hippocampus, the cerebral cortex and the cerebellum are inhibited by lead exposure. The degree of the inhibitory effect depends on the time span of exposure and the lead concentration. Developmental low-level lead exposure was found to raise the level of NR2A mRNA expression in the hippocampus of rats. Developmental low-level lead exposure does not affect the level of NR2B mRNA expression in the hippocampus. 相似文献
15.
漆酚甲醛缩聚物乳液的研制 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
用漆酚基乳化剂（UE）将漆酚甲醛缩聚物（UFP）乳化为水包油（O／W）型的稳定水基分散体系．研究了乳化温度、UE用量及UE结构对相反转乳化过程的的影响,并用乳液体系电导率变化和黏度变化表征了相反转乳化过程．实验结果表明,以漆酚基乳化剂UEl0B为乳化剂,利用相反转技术可得到稳定的漆酚甲醛缩聚物水性乳液．当UE10B与UFP的质量比r≥10％,乳化温度为40℃时,可将漆酚甲醛缩聚物乳化为稳定的水基化分散体系．所制得漆酚甲醛缩聚物乳液粒子为多孔结构的5～20μm微球,孔的尺寸小于1μm． 相似文献
16.
Infants' acuity in localizing sounds within hemifields was examined by determining the smallest sound shift off 60 degrees and along the horizontal axis that infants could discriminate reliably, that is, minimum audible angle (MAA). Infants 6, 12, and 18 months of age were tested using a Go/No-Go conditioned head-turn procedure in which infants received an equal number of no-change (control) trials and sound-shift (experimental) trials. A correct response (i.e., a head turn toward the loud-speakers) on an experimental trial resulted in visual reinforcement. Localization acuity for sounds within hemifields was fairly poor and improved systematically with increasing age. MAA estimates at each age were significantly higher, indicating poorer localization acuity, in comparison to those obtained previously in research examining infants' resolution of auditory space near midline. These findings are consistent with adult data and demonstrate a finer partitioning of auditory space near midline than within hemifields. The implications of these findings for our understanding of the development of auditory processing mechanisms in sound localization are discussed. 相似文献
17.
以马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯（PP-g-MAH）和乙丙橡胶（EPDM）为原料,采用酚醛树脂（PF）和二水合氯化亚锡（SnCl2·2 H2 O）为硫化体系,通过动态硫化法制备改性 PP/EPDM热塑性弹性体,探讨硫化体系和橡塑比对材料力学性能的影响．结果表明：PF和 SnCl2·2H2 O 分别为3份和0．3份,橡塑比为60/40时,弹性体的综合性能最优;材料的结晶行为和材料断面形貌表明,采用动态硫化法制备的热塑性弹性体能形成均相体系,相对于聚丙烯,其结晶温度有较大幅度的降低． 相似文献
18.
The influence of calcination temperature on TiO2 nanotubes＇ catalysis for TiO2/UV/03 was investigated. TiO2 nanotubes （TNTs） were prepared via the sol-gel method and calcined at 300--700 ℃, which were labeled as TNTs-300, TNTs-400, TNTs-500, TNTs-600 and TNTs-700, respectively. TNTs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy （TEM） and X-ray diffraction （XRD）. It is found that TNTs calcined at 400 ℃ showed the best thermal stability. When the calcination temperature increased from 400 ℃ to 700 ℃, the special structure of tubes was destroyed and gradually converted into nanorods and/or particles. The transformation from anatase to rutile occurred at 600 ℃, and the rutile phase was enhanced when the calcination temperature was increased to over 600 ℃. The calcina- tion temperature＇s influence on TNTs＇ adsorption activity for for TiO2/UV/O3 was investigated in landfill leachate solution chemical oxygen demand （COD） and catalytic activity In landfill leachate solution, the adsorption activity of COD decreased in the reduced order of TNTs-300, TNTs-400, TNTs-500, TNTs-600 and TNTs-700. In photocatalytic ozonation, TNTs-400 showed the best catalytic activity while TNTs-700 exhibited the worst. In other three processes, the COD removal of TNTs-300/UV/O3 was higher than those of TNTs-500/UV/O3 and TNTs-600/UV/O3 in the first 20 rain, and then became close to those of the latter two in the following 40 rain. Compared with TNTs-300 and TNTs- 400, TNTs-600 had the best anti-fouling activity, while TNTs-500 and TNTs-700 had lower anti-fouling activity than the former three. In photocatalytic ozonation, the calcination temperature of 400 ℃ was appropriate when TNTs were obtained at the synthesis temperature of 105 ℃. 相似文献
19.
用直接从头算动态学方法对CH2N＋HONO→CH2NH＋NO2反应进行了研究.用BH＆HLYP/6-31＋G（d,p）方法对所有稳定结构和过渡态的几何结构进行了优化,并用内禀反应坐标方法计算了最小能量路径（MEP）.在QCISD（T）/6-311＋G（2df,2pd）理论水平上对所有结构的能量进行了进一步校正.用变分过渡态理论（CVT）在考虑小曲率隧道（SCT）校正的水平上计算了200～2500K温度范围内标题反应的热速率常数,计算结果表明,上述温度范围内热速率常数有正的温度效应,计算结果与文献数据能够很好地吻合. 相似文献