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1.
长期以来,我国农村高中教育处于困境之中,师资力量薄弱,生源流失严重,高等教育升学率低。农村高中教育陷入困境主要是由于政府的经费投入太少、农村家庭缺乏投资动力、学生升学信心不足。这将对我国未来整体的人力资源开发产生不利影响,会进一步扩大城乡差距,导致“读书无用论”的重新抬头。因此,未来我国应改变城乡二元的惯性思维,重视改善农村教育环境,提升农村高中的教育质量,为农村青年接受高等教育创造更多的机会。  相似文献   

2.
通过个案实证研究发现,广西中部某市H区义务教育存在教育资源分布不均、生均教育投入偏少、教育资源供给未能反应经济社会发展的趋势和义务教育均衡发展程度不高等几个方面的问题。为此,地方政府需充分认识县域义务教育均衡发展对实现教育公平的重要意义,明确自身责任,加强对义务教育均衡发展的领导;科学论证,合理规划学校布局;加大投入,积极推进城乡中小学标准化建设,缩小教育资源校际间的分布差距;加强农村薄弱学校建设;完善城乡教师交流制度;创新教师培养、培训制度。  相似文献   

3.
The paper used district level students’ pass rate in a nationally conducted basic education certification examination to assess the effect of school electrification on learning outcomes. The results show that school electrification in addition to the traditional school-level inputs, such as class size, pupil–teacher ratio, ratio of core textbook to students, and sanitation, help to explain a significant portion of the variation in performance across districts. The analysis further showed that in districts classified as deprived, electrification of schools is a mediating factor for improving pass rate in English and mathematics. In a spatially differentiated developing country like Ghana, this finding is indicative of the need for policy congruence. Ghana has achieved substantial progress in extending electricity to many communities across the country. However, distribution and consumption of electricity is still skewed in favour of urban and affluent communities over rural deprived communities. Students’ performance in the standard national examinations follow similar skewed pattern. The results of this study suggest that electrification of schools could boost students’ performance, and the gain is more significant in deprived districts.  相似文献   

4.
教育公平是促进城乡基本公共服务均等化,实现社会公平正义的核心内容。改革开放以来,我国经济社会得到了极大的发展,但城乡之间依然存在着很大的差距,城乡居民在教育上的不平等是其主要表现之一,主要原因既有经济上的也有体制和政策方面的。大力发展农村经济、加大政府财政投入力度、加强监管问责和教师人才队伍建设应是推进农村教育均等化建设,促进农村教育公平的主要途径。  相似文献   

5.
The US charter school movement is based upon the supposition that granting individual public schools increased autonomy from state and district rules and regulations in exchange for more accountability will foster the creation of innovative, effective and efficient schools. However, while state charter school laws free these schools from various state and district rules and regulations, the schools must still operate within the civil rights parameters legislated by federal statutes. Of particular import are federal laws that guarantee that children with disabilities receive a free appropriate public education. Project SEARCH, a 3 year qualitative study of special education in US charter schools revealed that there is a fundamental philosophical gap between the individualised, autonomous nature of charter schools and the highly regulated nature of special education. The philosophical gap is complicated by some charter schools' inability to amass the fiscal and human capacity needed to meet the needs of individual children with disabilities.  相似文献   

6.
城乡教育一体化:问题形态与制度突破   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
我国正在进入由城乡二元向城乡一体发展的新阶段。在"行政区管理体制下"和"跨行政区合作体制下"存在多个层次的城乡教育一体化。城市中心区与郊区教育一体化的问题形态主要是教育的"半郊区化",县镇与乡村教育一体化的问题形态主要是农村教育的"过度城镇化"。要实现城乡教育的一体化发展,必须突破体制机制障碍,建立与服务型政府相适应的城乡教育一体化财政与管理体制,建立与双向城乡教育一体化相适应的教育制度体系。  相似文献   

7.
文章采用问卷调查、实地考察、访谈、文献研究等方法对新疆乌昌一体化先期合并的米东新区具有代表性的7所中小学校进行调研,结果表明:多数中小学校体育教学管理、实施新课标、大课间管理较为规范,特别是城区学校场地器材经费、师资培训比合并前有较大发展,但是在体育竞赛、体育教师科学研究与培训方面还较为滞后。建议:迅速加大农村学校的体育投入,重视农村学校体育工作,促使农村学校与城镇学校同步发展。  相似文献   

8.
教育公平是全民教育中的一个重要问题。综观我国当前国情,要想在短时期内实现教育的绝对公平是不现实的,但有效而充分地利用现代信息技术可以在很大程度上促进教育和社会的公平。为此,本文提出要加大政府对农村教育的投资力度,尽快构建农村现代信息技术教育平台;改革农村办学层次结构和教育内容;加强农村师资队伍建设;改变农民教育观念和高校招生制度;保障农民工子女的受教育权;增加农村人口受教育机会等,尽快缩小城乡教育差距,促进城乡教育公平和社会的和谐发展。  相似文献   

9.
新农村人力资源开发与县级社区学院发展研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
农民受教育水平偏低,是我国农村经济社会发展在人力资源层面需要解决的一个根本性问题,也是我国新农村建设要面对的人力资源基本态势。当前,农村教育要转变唯升学的应试教育目标,加大农村教育的投资力度,完善农村教育体系,建立具有中国特色和地方特点的县级社区学院,发展农村高等教育,切实增加农民的人力资本积累,培养和造就适应新农村发展要求的新型农民,是新农村建设取得成功的根本保证。  相似文献   

10.
《师资教育杂志》2012,38(4):453-469
Recruiting and retaining qualified teachers for schools in rural communities is both an issue and a problem in many countries. The very nature of rural communities and perceptions of teaching in such environments tend to discourage qualified experienced and new teachers from taking appointments there. Education jurisdictions, therefore, use various strategies either to compel or entice candidates to accept rural teaching appointments. This paper describes a district sponsorship scheme to attract candidates for teacher training and subsequent appointment in rural schools in Ghana. The paper describes how the scheme operates and assesses its potential to attract and retain teachers, using data obtained through analysis of documents, interviews with key education officers and focus group with teachers. Though the district sponsorship scheme is not new in many education jurisdictions, it is the first of its kind in Ghana. Suggestions for improving the scheme's effectiveness are offered, drawing attention to the need to complement financial incentives with non‐monetary measures in rural teacher recruitment and retention policies.  相似文献   

11.
我国农村成人教育之所以要创新,主要是它所面临的机遇和挑战决定的,如何构建农村成人教育创新体系,概括起来应突出质量创新、效益创新和办学特色创新,只在高度重视农村成人教育,加大对农村成人教育的投入,并将其纳入全民教育的大系统,才能为农村成人教育创新营造良好的环境。  相似文献   

12.
国际经验表明,在工业化初期,一个国家的经济增长越快,越易引发尖锐的社会问题。近年来,在我国经济持续增长的同时,城乡收入差距不断拉大,对社会稳定和经济进一步发展产生了很大的负面影响。于是,政府提出了国民经济又好又快发展方针。有关人力资本积累的研究,总是与经济增长和收入差距相关联。事实上,农村人力资本积累、城乡收入差距扩大、社会公平三者之间是一个关联整体,农村人力资本积累对社会公平产生的影响正是通过教育投资收益规律进而拉大城乡收入差距这一机制来实现的。  相似文献   

13.
职业教育是教育与经济的结合点,是教育与社会各种职业沟通的桥梁。乡村职业教育是安徽省经济社会发展的重要基础和教育工作的战略重点,是实现乡村城镇化、现代化的重要支柱。目前,安徽省乡村经济社会发展滞后,劳动者整体素质低下,城乡差距较大。职业教育在转移剩余劳动力、促进乡村经济发展方面起着重要作用,大力发展职业教育、促进乡村和谐发展日益重要。政府应加强宏观调控和统筹;转变观念,端正办学方向,明确新型农民的培养目标;提高农民的科学文化素质;加大对职业教育的投资力度;同时,乡村职业教育应办出自己的特色。  相似文献   

14.
西南地区农村绝大多数少数民族家庭,由于经济困难和教育成本的增加,使得他们只能承受最多不超过义务教育阶段的教育,经济机会也就相对较少;较少的经济机会反过来又影响其教育投入。必须采取积极的措施增加民族地区农村家庭的经济机会,从而调动民族地区农村家庭对学校教育的积极性。  相似文献   

15.
This study examines the teaching gap between rural and urban schools in China from the perspective of teacher professional learning communities (PLCs). Drawing on in-depth interviews with 36 primary school teachers, the study finds striking disparities between rural and urban schools in the working of Teaching and Research Groups (TRGs). These disparities in TRGs result in divergent patterns of instructional capacity building in rural and urban schools. The evidence shows that teaching and teachers are strongly shaped by the school organizational context. It suggests that strengthening school-wide PLCs is an important way of narrowing the rural-urban teaching and learning gaps.  相似文献   

16.
基于1990—2009年的时间序列数据,利用协整理论对我国城乡教育差距和城乡居民教育投入差距、城乡收入差距的关系进行实证分析。研究表明,我国城乡居民教育投入差距、城乡收入差距的对数与城乡教育差距的对数之间存在长期均衡关系。相对于城乡收入差距来说,城乡居民教育投入差距对城乡教育差距有更显著的影响。并且,我国的城乡居民教育投入差距和城乡收入差距都是城乡教育差距的单向Granger因果原因。  相似文献   

17.
About 1500 children from an inner city school district and a suburban school district were asked to perform eight tasks of basic skills. There were differences in the performances of the children. The differences depended upon the socio-economic background of the children. On many of the skills, third grade urban children were similar to first grade suburban children. It is for this reason that the inner city children in this study were considered disadvantaged and a program of skill development has begun. Inner city children must have experiences that will help them acquire the skills that suburban children have acquired before entering school.  相似文献   

18.
教育是人力资本投资的最主要形式。现代农村对教育进行的投资,其收益在很大程度上是甚微的,投资和收益出现了严重的错位。这种错位又进一步限制了农村经济的发展。只有建构农村的成人教育体系,培养出农村经济发展用得着、留得住的专门人才,才能加快农村人力资本的全面提升。  相似文献   

19.
在我国广大农村贫困地区由于自然条件较差,教育基础设施的薄弱,资金投入不足等原因,整个教育事业的发展都与发达地区存在着较大的的差距。为了推进我国农村的教育信息化发展,加快我国基础教育的跨越式发展,国家正在积极实施农村中小学现代远程教育工程。在农远工程推行的过程中遇到了很多问题,笔者根据各方面的分析将所有遇到的问题归纳为以下三个核心问题。一是人员问题(观念问题),二是设备问题,三是资源问题。  相似文献   

20.
西部大开发中的新疆农村基础教育调研报告   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
改革开放以来,新疆基础教育取得了很大的成绩,如:教育投入增加,办学条件明显改善;教师队伍得到加强;全面推进了素质教育。新疆发展农村基础教育的经验是:增大农村教育的投入;加强对农村义务教育的支持力度;着力发展教师教育;发展农牧区寄宿学校。新疆农村基础教育存在的问题是:学校运行困难;办学成本过高,教育投资效益不高;基础教育管理体制不完善;区域教育发展不平衡。新疆农村基础教育的发展思路是:科学规划,完善体制,增加投入;因地制宜,制定特别政策。  相似文献   

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