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Cypripedium daliense S. C. Chen et J. L. Wu, a new Species ofOrchidaceae is described with illustrations. 相似文献
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对新种小囊兜兰Paphiopedilum globulosum与新变种扁球兜兰P．micranthum var．oblatum作了描述与绘图。两者均为采自云南东南部的栽培植物，与硬叶兜兰P．micranthum近似。但小囊兜兰具有宽得多的叶(宽2．8～3．4cm)，先端多少呈钩状、宽1．1～1．2cm的唇瓣，以及与唇瓣囊口几乎同样大小的退化雄蕊，而扁球兜兰则叶宽2．2～3 cm，唇瓣扁球形，囊深不超过1 cm，可区别于硬叶兜兰。上述种类均属于宽瓣亚属(广义）。该亚属有16个种产中国、越南或两地共有。本文提供了分种检索表。 相似文献
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描述了兰科兜兰属的一个新种——心启兜兰Paphiopedilum singchii Z．J．Liu et J．Y．Zhang。模式标本系深圳市梧桐山苗圃总场的栽培植物。原植物可能采自云南南部近中越边境处。 相似文献
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本文研究了杏黄兜兰的传粉生物学，结果发现杏黄兜兰具有复杂的传粉机制和繁育系统。杏黄兜兰的花为两性花，柱头与花药先后位于唇瓣管状基部的不同位置促进了异交，但由于传粉昆虫逃逸时具有反复攀爬通道和连续多次进出同一花的行为，容易造成白花传粉，因此，杏黄兜兰的繁育系统是兼具异交和自交的混合交配系统。
杏黄兜兰的花结构特别，具有吸引取食花粉的昆虫传粉的功能。经检测，杏黄兜兰不泌蜜，花粉也不作为传粉者的访花报酬物资，是一种食源性欺骗的植物。它模仿食源性植物黄花香Hypericumbeanii，靠花香和鲜艳花色吸引多种传粉者访花，而这种吸引与花的颜色种类及形态无关；花香远距离吸引传粉者到来，假雄蕊上斑纹和唇瓣内斑点近距离引诱传粉者进入囊状唇瓣。传粉者陷入唇瓣后，从基部通道逃逸时，先擦碰柱头，然后碰压雄蕊，将花粉带走，再到另一朵花上重复这一过程，完成异花传粉。这种吸引昆虫传粉的模式是兜兰属植物一种全新的传粉机制。
此外，本文还检测了杏黄兜兰的花粉组织化学和花粉，胚珠比率（P／O值）以及胚珠，种子比率（O／S值）。结果表明：杏黄兜兰的花粉为脂质；较低比率的P／O值是与杏黄兜兰的花粉具有粘性和相对较大的柱头有关；接近于1的比率的O／S值与昆虫传粉效率有关。花粉活力和柱头可授性的检测表明它们在花朵开放期内具有同步性，而花粉在柱头凋落后仍具活力。去除了雄蕊明显延长花朵开放时间。 相似文献
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Cypripedium subtropicum S. C. Chen et K. Y. Lang is a phytogeography-
cally significant new species with its habit, inflorescence and column very similar to
those of Selenipedilum of tropical America. It is found in Mêdog of southeastern Xi-
zang, China. Its slender leafy stem bears at the summit a many-flowered raceme, am-
ounting to 1.5 m in height. Although its ovary is unilocular—this is the reason why
we place it in Cypripedium, the column characters resemble those of Selenipedilum. For
example, the staminode is rather small and its long stalk is very similar in texture and
color to the filament of the fertile stamens. Obviously, it is a primitive new species re-
lated to Selenipedilum based on the similarities mentioned above.
In the subfamily Cypripedioideae, as generally recognized, Selenipedilum is the
most primitive genus, from which or whose allies Cypripedium is derived. Of phyto-
geographical significance is the fact that Selenipedilum occurs in Central America and
northern South America, while a cypripedium akin to it is discontinuously distributed
in subtropical Asia. This suggests that Selenipedilum or Selenipedilum-like form be
once continually distributed in North America and eastern Asia when the climate there
was warmer, as it is in the subtropics today. The floristic relationship between Central
America and subtropical Asia appears to be closer than expected, as shown by the dis-
tribution patterns of Tropidia, Erythrodes, etc. Based on the occurrence of all six sec-
tions and particularly the most primitive form in eastern Asia, Cypripedium seems to
be of Asian, rather than Central American, origin. Selenipedilum possesses some very
primitive characters, such as trilocular ovary, vanilla-scented fruit, seed with sclerotic
testa, simple column and more or less suffrutescent habit. The latter is considered by
Dahlgren & Clifford (1982) to be one of ancestral characters of monocotyledons, which
is now very rare not only in Orchidaceae but also in all monocotyledons. It is indeed
necessary to make further investigations on Selenipedilum and also the new species pub-lished here, as well as a detailed comparison between them. 相似文献
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乌蒙杓兰及其近亲种 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
陈心启 《中国科学院研究生院学报》1985,23(5):369-375
In addition to describing a new species, Cypripedium wumengense, as well
as a new variety, C. bardolphianum var. zhongdianense, nomenclatural and taxonomic
notes are made on its allies and the division to which they belong. They are ltrge]y
found in the Hengduan Mountains in southwestern China, characterized by the absence
of bract, havirg lip more or less covered with small wart-like outgrowths, and that as
the capsule matures the scape becomes much elongated. Six species of this group have
hitherto been reported, of which, however, C. ebracteatum and C. nutans are regarded
here as conspecific with C. fargesii and C. bardolphianum respectively. Thus, including
the new taxa described here, it composes five species and one variety: C. bardolphianum
W. W. Sm. et Farrer (var. bardolphianum and var. zhongdianense S. C. Chen), C. mic-
ranthum Franch., C. fargesii Franch., C. margaritaceum Franch. and C. wumengense
S. C. Chen. They are all grouped here into the same section, Sect. Trigonopedium
(Franch.) Pfitz., the oldest legitimate name of this group in the rank of section. 相似文献
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郎楷永 《中国科学院研究生院学报》1998,36(5):449-458
笔者曾在1994年发表的“兰科植物区系中一些有意义属的地理分布格局的研究”一文中介绍了
此新亚属——显柱舌唇兰亚属的分布格局及其与舌唇兰亚属的区别。现将它正式发表。此新亚属含12种,其中1种为新组合种。 相似文献
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对中国云南产的兰科新种玲珑兜兰Paphiopedilum microchilum Z．J．Liu et S．C．Chen作了描述和绘图，并简要地讨论了它与彩云兜兰Paph．wardii Summerh．的亲缘关系。 相似文献
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Calanthe tangmaiensis K. Y. Lang & Y. Tateishi (Orchidaceae) isdescribed as new from Xizang, China. 相似文献
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杏黄兜兰传粉生物学的研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文研究了杏黄兜兰的传粉生物学,结果发现杏黄兜兰具有复杂的传粉机制和繁育系统.杏黄兜兰的花为两性花,柱头与花药先后位于唇瓣管状基部的不同位置促进了异交,但由于传粉昆虫逃逸时具有反复攀爬通道和连续多次进出同一花的行为,容易造成白花传粉,因此,杏黄兜兰的繁育系统是兼具异交和自交的混合交配系统.杏黄兜兰的花结构特别,具有吸引取食花粉的昆虫传粉的功能.经检测,杏黄兜兰不泌蜜,花粉也不作为传粉者的访花报酬物资,是一种食源性欺骗的植物.它模仿食源性植物黄花香Hypericum beanii,靠花香和鲜艳花色吸引多种传粉者访花,而这种吸引与花的颜色种类及形态无关;花香远距离吸引传粉者到来,假雄蕊上斑纹和唇瓣内斑点近距离引诱传粉者进入囊状唇瓣.传粉者陷入唇瓣后,从基部通道逃逸时,先擦碰柱头,然后碰压雄蕊,将花粉带走,再到另一朵花上重复这一过程,完成异花传粉.这种吸引昆虫传粉的模式是兜兰属植物一种全新的传粉机制.此外,本文还检测了杏黄兜兰的花粉组织化学和花粉/胚珠比率(P/O值)以及胚珠/种子比率(O/S值).结果表明杏黄兜兰的花粉为脂质;较低比率的P/O值是与杏黄兜兰的花粉具有粘性和相对较大的柱头有关;接近于1的比率的O/S值与昆虫传粉效率有关.花粉活力和柱头可授性的检测表明它们在花朵开放期内具有同步性,而花粉在柱头凋落后仍具活力.去除了雄蕊明显延长花朵开放时间. 相似文献
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报道了蔷薇科李亚科两个种的改隶新组合,将广义李属中的背毛樱Prunus hypotrichodes改隶为杏属中的背毛杏Armeniaca hypotrichides;疏花稠李Prunus laxiflora改隶为疏花樱Cerasus laxifiora。进一步研究的结果,同意前苏联学者G．V．Eremin et V．S．Simagin的意见,将稠李属中的种斑叶稠李Padus maackii改隶为樱属中的斑叶樱Cerasus maackii。 相似文献
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综合研究凤头黍属与其邻近属的叶片表皮微形态、颖片及内、外稃等特征后，发表禾本科一新属——刺毛头黍属。 相似文献
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对Epipactis consimilis、火烧兰 E．helleborine和疏花火烧兰 E．veratrifolia之间的形态作了比较，并对Epipactis consimilis D．Don作了名称考证。结果承认 Epipactis veratrifolia Boiss．et Hohen．为合法名称，以取代早先为Rolfe(1903)所接受、近来在《中国植物志》第17卷(1999)中使用的Epipactis consimilis D．Don。 相似文献