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Developing pre-service science teachers’ epistemic insight remains a challenge, despite decades of research in related bodies of work such as the nature of science (NOS) in science education. While there may be numerous aspects to this problem, one critical element is that the NOS is a meta-concept that demands higher-order cognitive skills. One possible strategy to facilitate pre-service teachers’ understanding of epistemic aspects of science is visualisation. Visual representations of objects and processes can be tools for developing and monitoring understanding. Although the NOS and visualisation literatures have been studied extensively, the intersection of these bodies of literatures has been minimal. Incorporating visual tools on the NOS in teacher education is likely to facilitate teachers’ learning, eventually impacting their students’ learning of the NOS. The objective of this paper is to illustrate how the visual tools of scientific knowledge and practices aspects of the NOS can be integrated in science teacher education in order to develop pre-service teachers’ epistemic insight. The paper presents an empirical study that incorporated visual tools about the NOS in primary science teacher education. Data on 14 pre-service teachers’ are presented along with in-depth case studies of 3 pre-service teachers illustrating the influence of the teacher education intervention. The qualitative analysis of visual representations before and after the intervention as well as verbal data suggests that there was improvement in pre-service teachers’ perceptions of the NOS. Implications for future research on visualisation of the NOS are discussed. 相似文献
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This article investigates three types of stage-sequential growth mixture models in the structural equation modeling framework for the analysis of multiple-phase longitudinal data. These models can be important tools for situations in which a single-phase growth mixture model produces distorted results and can allow researchers to better understand population heterogeneity and growth over multiple phases. Through theoretical and empirical comparisons of the models, the authors discuss strategies with respect to model selection and interpreting outcomes. The unique attributes of each approach are illustrated using ecological momentary assessment data from a tobacco cessation study. Transitional discrepancy between phases as well as growth factors are examined to see whether they can give us useful information related to a distal outcome, abstinence at 6 months postquit. It is argued that these statistical models are powerful and flexible tools for the analysis of complex and detailed longitudinal data. 相似文献
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阐述了ArcGIS作为一种综合性处理工具在三维石油数据集中的应用。同时,在石油工业中三维可视化和分析工具的应用非常广泛,通过这些工具得到的综合数据和某个组织所拥有的其他空间数据是很难直接应用的。利用地理数据库的叠置单元块特性,复杂的三维特性能够存储在地理数据库中,并且可以通过三维立体方式在ArcGIS环境下达到可视化的效果。这就实现了通过传统通用仪器资源获得来自于地质、工程或者勘测源的标准空间数据的复杂三维对象的综合化。 相似文献
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以12个国家职业教育改革试验区政策文本为研究对象,基于罗斯维尔、泽福尔德的政策工具和职业教育改革试验的基本要素,构建了二维分析框架。以分析框架构建、文本内容编码、统计分析为主要研究线索,结合内容分析法,分别从X维度、Y维度、X维度与Y维度交叉效应等三个方面,对职教改革试验区建设政策进行了研究,发现职教改革试验区建设政策的工具使用存在失衡、笼统、不足、短视等问题。据此提出未来国家职业教育改革试验区建设政策建议,即深虑政策工具的环境;优化政策工具的组合;注重政策工具的持续;强化政策工具创新性。 相似文献
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Susanne Jansen Marie-Christine P. J. Knippels Wouter R. van Joolingen 《International Journal of Science Education》2019,41(8):981-994
Models are very important tools when learning and communicating about science. Models used in secondary school biology education range from concrete scale models, such as a model of a skeleton, to abstract concept-process models, such as a visualisation of meiosis. Understanding these concept-process models requires a profound understanding of the concept of models and how they are used in biology. This study evaluates an existing framework for its use in assessing students’ understanding of biological concept-process models. Four additions were required to extend the applicability of the framework to concept-process models. We were also able to give an indication of students’ current level of understanding of these models, showing room for improvement in all aspects of understanding. Since concept-process models have a central place in many scientific disciplines, it is important that students have a deep understanding of the nature, application and limitations of these models. The current study contributes to assessing the way students reason with concept-process models. Knowing how to improve students’ view on the use of concept-process models in biology may lead to higher scientific literacy. 相似文献
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科技成果转化政策工具作为实现科技成果转化政策预期目标的途径,是政策分析的有效手段,以Strauss和Corbin的扎根理论为基础,构建政策分析框架、界定分析单元、编码归类、统计分析等过程对我国《促进科技成果转化法》从基本政策工具和产业价值链两个维度进行统计与分析,剖析科技成果转化政策在政策工具选择、组织中存在的缺陷与问题,从而为科技成果转化政策的优化与完善提供合理的政策指引和技术支持。 相似文献
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《Journal of research on educational effectiveness》2013,6(1):24-67
Abstract This paper and the accompanying tool are intended to complement existing supports for conducting power analysis tools by offering a tool based on the framework of Minimum Detectable Effect Sizes (MDES) formulae that can be used in determining sample size requirements and in estimating minimum detectable effect sizes for a range of individual- and group-random assignment design studies and for common quasi-experimental design studies. The paper and accompanying tool cover computation of minimum detectable effect sizes under the following study designs: individual random assignment designs, hierarchical random assignment designs (2-4 levels), block random assignment designs (2-4 levels), regression discontinuity designs (6 types), and short interrupted time-series designs. In each case, the discussion and accompanying tool consider the key factors associated with statistical power and minimum detectable effect sizes, including the level at which treatment occurs and the statistical models (e.g., fixed effect and random effect) used in the analysis. The tool also includes a module that estimates for one and two level random assignment design studies the minimum sample sizes required in order for studies to attain user-defined minimum detectable effect sizes. 相似文献
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Dung Tran James E. Tarr 《International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education》2018,16(8):1581-1603
Through the lenses of statistical investigations and cognitive demands, we examined bivariate data tasks offered in US high school mathematics textbook series—a popular representative of three curriculum types: traditional, integrated, and hybrid. We developed a framework grounded in literature of association topics for the inclusion and exclusion of tasks. Using the Guidelines for Assessment and Instruction of Statistics Education (GAISE) framework, textbook tasks were coded for four investigation components (formulate questions, collect data, analyze data, and interpret results) and levels of statistical sophistication, as well as levels of cognitive demand as suggested by the Mathematical Complexity framework. Across the three series 582 statistical association tasks, all components of statistical investigation were evident with different levels of treatment: (a) all questions for statistical investigations were provided by textbook authors; (b) tasks rarely afforded student opportunities to collect data; and (c) nearly all of the tasks required students to analyze data and most required them to interpret results. Tasks in the integrated series were more numerous (n = 246) and required higher levels of mathematical complexity and statistical sophistication than tasks in the traditional and hybrid series. The vast majority of tasks were coded at the GAISE Level B for analyze data and interpret results and moderate level for mathematical complexity. Further analyses show the concordance between the developmental levels for statistical sophistication and mathematical complexity. Suggestions for curriculum development, content analysis, and future research are provided. 相似文献
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政策工具是实现政策对象发展目标的必要手段,开展职业教育政策工具运用研究是理解与把握我国职业教育发展的有效途径。以职业教育行政法规为研究对象,从基本政策工具和职业教育发展两个维度构建二维分析框架,通过内容编码、工具归类以及统计分析等步骤分析我国职业教育政策。研究表明,我国职业教育政策工具运用表现出环境型政策工具占据主导而供给型政策工具与需求型政策工具相对不足的特征。同时,从职业教育发展维度看,政策工具差异化明显,较为突出职业教育体系建设和保障机制。在此基础上,提出政府在未来政策工具选取及其运用时应更加注重均衡与协调,注重政策工具与职业教育发展的融合,从而优化并完善职业教育政策的导向作用。 相似文献
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把握入境旅游市场及其消费结构特征,对青海旅游经济发展具有重要意义。文章以1997—2012年中国旅游统计年鉴和中国入境旅游者抽样调查资料为基础数据,运用统计分析工具,结合旅游学和经济学原理,对青海省入境旅游市场结构和消费结构演化特征进行了研究。得出结论：青海入境旅游人数及旅游外汇收入总量较小;中青年游客是市场主体,老年人及青少年学生市场增长迅速;入境旅游平均消费水平较低,非基本消费比重过高,入境旅游消费结构不合理。提出了青海省入境旅游市场开发的相关建议。 相似文献
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基于政策工具视角,以政策工具为横向维度,以培养模式构成要素为纵向维度,构建“政策工具——培养模式构成要素”二维分析框架,对1990-2019年间我国82份中央层面的专业学位研究生培养模式政策文本进行量化分析。研究发现:我国专业学位研究生培养模式政策波动性较大且缺乏系统性;政策工具使用结构不合理;培养模式各个构成要素的政策供给不均衡;政策工具与培养模式构成要素间的匹配性不足。未来,我国应增强专业学位研究生培养模式政策的稳定性和系统性,调整专业学位研究生培养模式政策工具使用结构,改革专业学位研究生培养模式的各个构成要素,改善政策工具与培养模式构成要素间的匹配性。 相似文献
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构建环境适应型英语学习评价模型 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
评价作为一种价值判断过程,势必涉及环境因素,包括社会环境、学校环境和学习者环境。环境在评价中的作用要求英语学习评价必须采用环境适应型评价模型,根据价值主体的需求设置评价标准,设计评价过程;根据环境的具体需求调整评价结构、选择评价方式;遵循学习规律,适应学习者的多元需求,采用真实性评价方式。同时,为了保证评价的效度,必须对评价的结构、过程、结果和反馈进行元评价。 相似文献
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Ümmühan Avcı Yücel 《Education and Information Technologies》2017,22(4):1571-1585
This study aims to examine pedagogical formation students’ perceptions about Web 2.0 tools and educational practices. A case study approach forms the methodological framework of this study. This study was conducted with 42 pedagogical formation students of an Instructional Technology and Material Design course during the 2014–2015 spring semester. During the course, the students created digital materials such as puzzles, concept maps, worksheets, presentations and posters by using software including Prezi, Glogster, and Webspiration. Furthermore they were introduced to numerous Web 2.0 tools which were required learning for the purpose of the course. The data for this study was collected by the researcher through a questionnaire and open-ended questions developed in order to identify students’ views on Web 2.0 tools and educational practices they will face in their future professional life. Content analysis, frequency and percentage were used in the analysis of data. Answers to the following were sought from the data analysis: (1) which Web 2.0 tools do students use or planned to use in their current and future professional life (teaching profession); (2) what are the reasons students want to use Web 2.0 tools in their professional life as a teacher; (3) what are the views of students about their use of Web 2.0 tools in the educational context; and (4) what are students’ views about Web 3.0 technologies and the changes and innovations that will be brought about by these technologies in the field of education. 相似文献
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María Dolores Redel-Macías Carlos Castillo Cristina Aguilar Porro María Polo Encarnación V. Taguas 《European Journal of Engineering Education》2014,39(5):507-517
This paper presents a virtual lab for the contents of an Engineering project, for designing an agro-industrial building, which is also useful for a range of different transversal courses in Engineering sciences. The aims of this tool are to analyse the most important contents of a project-document (calculation, regulations, drawings and budgets), as well as their relationship with the activities which make up the work and the schedule. The design criteria we considered were: its online applications and their compatibility with Moodle; the inclusion of different learning approaches, such as exploratory learning and inquiry-based learning; its interactivity, and the use of multimedia elements for visualisation and direct analysis on material common to Engineering subjects. The students’ perceptions of the improvements brought by the virtual lab were analysed statistically through a series of questions over two academic years. The results of the questionnaires suggested that most of those who had used the e-learning tool valued positively its overall suitability for reaching the objectives in their subject as well as the way it improved the working methodology. The practical knowledge acquired by the students was also highly valued. In addition, the lack of constraints commonly related to field trips (expenses, time and complexity) illustrates the utility of self-access learning tools in key transversal disciplines such as Engineering projects. 相似文献
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Visual analytics combines automated data analysis and human intelligence through visualisation techniques to address the complexity of current real-world problems. This review uses the lens of visual analytics to examine four dimensions of visual representations for analysing collaborative discourse: goals, data sources, visualisation designs, and analytical techniques based on 89 studies. We found visual analysis approaches to be suitable and advantageous for decomposing the temporality of collaborative discourse. However, it has been challenging for current research to simultaneously consider learning theories and follow visualisation design principles when adopting visualisations to analyse collaborative discourse. At the same time, existing visual analysis approaches have mainly targeted learners or researchers in online contexts and mainly focused on mirroring collaborative discourse rather than providing advanced affordances such as alerting or advising. Informed by these findings, we propose a possible future research agenda and offer suggestions for the features of successful collaboration to guide the design of advanced affordances. 相似文献
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《Journal of Teaching in Social Work》2013,33(1-2):113-130
ABSTRACT This paper takes as its premise that some of the schism between practice and researchin social work derives from the failure of statistics and research courses to provide straightforward guidelines and tools for data interpretation. Particular attention is directed to the paucity of tools presented for assessing strength of association. The failure to provide appropriate tools invites misinterpretation and misunderstanding; specifically,students are “invited” to attach invalid meanings to statistical significance. The paper presents a five-actor model for data interpretation. The factors in the model are: statistical significance, strength of association, causality, generalizability, and importance.The model makes explicit the importance of both statistical and nonstatistical reasoning for balanced interpretation and recognizes the importance of context. When all five factors are considered and given reasonably equal importance, data interpretation can be balanced, comprehensive, and meaningful. 相似文献
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When inquiry-based learning is designed for a collaborative context, the interactions that arise in the learning environment can become fairly complex. While the learning effectiveness of such learning environments has been reported in the literature, there have been fewer studies on the students’ learning processes. To address this, the article presents a study of science learning in a computer-supported learning environment called Collaborative Science Inquiry (CSI), which integrates guided inquiry principles for activity design, employs modelling and visualisation tools for promoting conceptual understanding and incorporates key computer-supported collaborative learning (CSCL) elements for enabling students’ collaboration. With the aim of understanding the process of students’ conceptual changes supported by the CSI learning environment as used in a secondary school, data on students’ test achievements, responses to learning tasks and peer discussions in collaboration were collected, analysed and discussed. The results of the qualitative and quantitative data analysis indicated that guided inquiry coupled with CSCL elements facilitated by the CSI system can engage students in inquiry activities and promote their conceptual understanding in a progressive way. 相似文献
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Silvia Elena Gallagher Mairtin O’Dulain Niamh O’Mahony Claire Kehoe Fintan McCarthy Gerard Morgan 《Educational Media International》2017,54(2):129-147
Infographics are a visualisation tool that can be used to improve retention, comprehension and appeal of complex concepts. The rise of infographic use in education has facilitated new forms of application and design of these tools. Instructor-provided summary infographics are a new form of infographic, whereby key learning objectives and content are summarised in graphical form at the end of a lesson. However, it is unknown whether these types of infographics can support learning in online environments. This exploratory research investigates student perceptions, retention, applications and activity generation of instructor-provided summary infographics in a massive online learning environment. Using both post-course learner survey data (n = 1,899) and text mining analysis (n = 72,490 words), results present how learners perceived instructor-provided summary infographics as useful and appealing for retaining, clarifying and understanding learning concepts. The research contributes a novel understanding of summary infographics in online learning environments, and supports their use as a design tool for educational delivery in the online space. 相似文献