共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
Sense of Belonging as a Predictor of Intentions to Persist Among African American and White First-Year College Students 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Leslie R. M. Hausmann Janet Ward Schofield Rochelle L. Woods 《Research in higher education》2007,48(7):803-839
This study investigates the role of students’ sense of belonging to their university in college student retention. Using individual
growth curve modeling, we examined (a) whether sense of belonging predicts intentions to persist, and (b) the effects of an
intervention designed to enhance students’ sense of belonging. African American and white first-year students completed surveys
three times throughout the academic year. Students were randomly assigned to a group that received an intervention to enhance
students’ sense of belonging or to one of two control groups. Sense of belonging was found to predict intentions to persist,
controlling for background variables and other predictors of persistence. Overall, sense of belonging and intentions to persist
declined over the academic year. However, the decline in sense of belonging was smaller for students in the intervention group.
Implications for the development of college retention programs and for existing models of student persistence are discussed. 相似文献
2.
We investigated general vocabulary and academic vocabulary growth trajectories of adolescent language minority students using an individual growth modeling approach. Our analytical sample included 3161 sixth- to eighth-grade students from an urban school district in California. The language minority students in our sample were classified as initially fluent English proficient (IFEP), redesignated fluent English proficient (RFEP), or limited English proficient (LEP) students. The analytical sample was not a nationally representative sample and included a great number of Asian students and students who receive gifted and talented education. Students were assessed at four time points on a standardized measure of general vocabulary and a researcher-developed academic vocabulary test. On both vocabulary measures, IFEP students slightly outperformed English-only (EO) students on average, and EO students scored higher than RFEP and LEP students at baseline. RFEP and LEP students showed slower rate of growth than their EO peers in general vocabulary. While both EO and language minority students showed summer setback with general vocabulary knowledge on average, the magnitude of summer setback was not as great for LEP students. In academic vocabulary, all subgroups of language minority students showed more rapid rate of growth than their EO peers. Only the REP students experienced a change in the learning trajectory during the summer months. We discuss the implications of these findings for all language groups. 相似文献
3.
Montserrat Castelló Anna I?esta Marta Pardo Eva Liesa Reinaldo Martínez-Fernández 《Higher Education》2012,63(1):97-115
This intervention study aimed at helping undergraduate students of psychology learn to use the discursive resources useful
to make academic voice visible in their texts and to improve their writing practices. The intervention involved tutorial meetings
and collaborative revisions in two different learning environments, on-line and face-to face. The final text quality, the
students’ knowledge and the amount and the quality of revisions were assessed in both conditions. Results show that the quality
of the texts improved for both intervention groups in contrast with for control group, and better texts were related with
higher rates of revision and more students’ satisfaction with the intervention. 相似文献
4.
Productive knowledge work and high-level literacy are essential for engagement in a Knowledge society.
In the research reported in this article, students were engaged in sustained collaborative knowledge building in science and
social studies. The vocabulary growth of 22 students over Grades 3 and 4 was traced, based on their entries to Knowledge Forum—a
knowledge building environment used as an integral part of classroom work. It is the communal space where knowledge work–ideas,
reference material, results of experiments, and so forth–is entered and continually improved. Analysis of lexical frequency
profiles indicated significant growth in productive written vocabulary, including academic words. In a Grade 4 inquiry, students
incorporated almost all the domain-specific terms at and below their current grade level, and most of those expected for upper
grade levels (5–8) based on the curriculum guidelines. Domain-specific and academic words were correlated with depth of understanding.
High correlations between student engagement in knowledge building and vocabulary growth suggest that productive vocabulary
can be developed through sustained knowledge building in subject areas. 相似文献
5.
Vera Nincic 《Learning Inquiry》2007,1(3):189-202
The growing trend of the internationalization of universities has provoked an interest in the academic participation of students
coming from non-English speaking universities. Fashioned by theory and research as a group with “problems”, nonnative English
speakers are depicted as in constant need for help, and unsatisfied with Western academic practices. Consequently, the researchers
interested in the potentials of computer technologies have turned toward the ways computer technologies might facilitate students’
participation. By taking for granted the nonnative English speaking students’ dissatisfaction with traditional academic practices
because of students’ cultural/linguistic differences, this approach fails to explore how the differences between the nonnative
English speakers and other students have been established and maintained in traditional classrooms in the first place. This
paper argues that we need a better understanding of the complex nature of relations between students and academic spaces that
would challenge the approach that offers computer technologies as a “solution” to the problems of classroom participation
by nonnative English speakers and develop a new framework to consider all aspects involved in the process. Empirical component
of the paper offers several possible approaches in the analysis of nonnative English speaking students’ academic participation. 相似文献
6.
7.
Korean elementary school students’ English learning demotivation: a comparative survey study 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Tae-Young Kim 《Asia Pacific Education Review》2011,12(1):1-11
This study explores Korean elementary school students’ decreased motivation for English learning by analyzing the questionnaire
data obtained from 6,301 students in a large city in South Korea. The students’ school grades and their prior experience in
private institutes were considered as the major factors behind the decrease in their motivation. There was a statistically
significant and consistent decrease in the students’ satisfaction with their English learning experience; expectation of ultimate
success in English; and intrinsic/extrinsic motivation and integrative/instrumental motivation. Prior experience in attending
private institutes had a substantial impact on the students’ motivation. Those who attended private institutes (hakwons) exhibited higher levels of instrumental and intrinsic motivation. However, in terms of other motivational constructs of
integrative and extrinsic (parental, academic) motivation, private instruction had a negligible or negative impact. By comparing
the results with those of Lamb (2007), the present study proposes that Korean students should be made to internalize the beneficial role played by English so
that their English learning motivation can be maintained. 相似文献
8.
The Effect of Questioning Style During Storybook Reading on Novel Vocabulary Acquisition of Preschoolers 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The effects of adult questioning on children’s novel word acquisition during storybook reading were investigated. Three-year-olds were assigned to one of three conditions: vocabulary eliciting questions, noneliciting questions, and no questions (control). General vocabulary comprehension and novel word knowledge were equivalent across the groups before the storybook reading intervention. Children were read 3 storybooks repeatedly across 4 reading sessions and were tested for production and comprehension of novel words in the final session. Children’s novel word comprehension increased more in both question conditions than in the control condition, suggesting that type of question is not as important to word learning as children’s active engagement in discussion about novel words in general. Novel word production was not strongly affected by any of the reading conditions. However, asking children noneliciting questions did appear to foster production of new words more than not asking questions at all. 相似文献
9.
Ingeborg Krange 《Cultural Studies of Science Education》2007,2(1):171-203
Recent research has to a limited extent explored the characteristics of students’ conceptual practices as sociocultural phenomena
in general and in science education in particular. I approach this issue by studying a group of students while solving a particular
scientific problem from A to Z, and as part of this analyse how different cultural means (the knowledge domain and the tools
in use) structure the students’ interactions and how their interpersonal relations change over this period of time. The aim
is to illustrate how these cultural means intersect in productive and less productive ways during the students’ conceptual
practices. The study has its point of departure in a design experiment where a group of four students, together with their
teacher, solve different problems related to the biological phenomenon of sequencing a DNA molecule (the insulin gene). Video-recordings
of the students’ interactions constitute the basis for this analysis. The cultural means strongly structure the students’
conceptual practices during their problem solving processes. Whereas the knowledge domain structured the whole process, the
significant roles of the website and the computer-based 3D model of the insulin gene were especially apparent during the second
part of the trajectory. The intersection of these cultural means appear productive in terms of disciplinary knowledge when
the students’ became aware of how to handle this relationship. The interpersonal relations between the students and their
teacher altered slightly in the beginning and became increasingly more fixed during the students’ progression. 相似文献
10.
Dianna Townsend Cynthia Brock Jennifer D. Morrison 《International Journal of Science Education》2018,40(3):328-347
To a science ‘outsider’, science language often appears unnecessarily technical and dense. However, scientific language is typically used with the goal of being concise and precise, which allows those who regularly participate in scientific discourse communities to learn from each other and build upon existing scientific knowledge. One essential component of science language is the academic vocabulary that characterises it. This mixed-methods study investigates middle school students’ (N?=?59) growth in academic vocabulary as it relates to their teacher’s instructional practices that supported academic language development. Students made significant gains in their production of general academic words, t(57)?=?2.32, p?=?.024 and of discipline-specific science words, t(57)?=?3.01, p?=?.004 in science writing. Results from the qualitative strand of this inquiry contextualised the students’ learning of academic vocabulary as it relates to their teacher’s instructional practices and intentions as well as the students’ perceptions of their learning environment. These qualitative findings reveal that both the students and their teacher articulated that the teacher’s intentional use of resources supported students’ academic vocabulary growth. Implications for research and instruction with science language are shared. 相似文献
11.
Yoko Kobayashi 《Higher Education》2010,59(3):323-333
Drawing from social identity theory and its categorization process, the present study crossexamines Japanese students’ contrastively
different attitudes toward Asians and European (-looking) people in two different contexts: (1) Japanese students in the overseas
English language school context who perceive a sense of solidarity with other Asian, particularly Korean, students in the
presence of European students and (2) Japanese students’ yearning for ‘white English’ speakers in Japan and their disregard
for Asian and African-looking students on campus. Based on primary data and literature knowledge base, the present study argues
that Japanese students’ inclination to make friends with other Asian friends in English speaking countries is context-bound
and once they return to their less multicultural home country, their intact yearning for the Imagined West is rekindled. Further
discussions are provided for those involved in international education and foreign language education as well as English-as-a-world-language
education in postsecondary education. 相似文献
12.
Rajabhat and traditional universities: institutional differences in Thai students’ perceptions of English 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
This research explores the perceptions students at three traditional university campuses and four Rajabhat university campuses
in Central-Western Thailand have of English. The students were surveyed on (1) their backgrounds, (2) their thoughts about
English in general, (3) their thoughts about their own ability in English, and (4) their thoughts about their current English
teachers. The researchers found that traditional university students had better backgrounds in English. Additionally, most
students at both types of institutions thought positively about English and their teachers, but didn’t think so positively
about their own English ability. However, the differences in students’ responses were small and therefore any implications
from the institutional differences in students’ perceptions are limited. 相似文献
13.
Two studies examined the effects of four types of teachers’ evaluative feedback on Chinese students’ self-efficacy in English
vocabulary acquisition. In Study 1, a random sample of Grade 8 students (N = 79) learned prefixes and received either formative or summative feedback after failure in test. The results showed that
students who received summative feedback showed a larger decrease in their self-efficacy than those who received formative
feedback. In Study 2, a random sample of Grade 7 students (N = 77) went through similar procedures as in Study 1 except that students received either self-referenced or norm-referenced
feedback. The results showed that self-referenced feedback was more beneficial to students’ self-efficacy than norm-referenced
feedback. The influences of teachers’ evaluation and feedback on students’ self-efficacy are discussed. 相似文献
14.
The present work describes an experience of educational innovation in a university context. Its aim was to determine the relationship
between students’ frequency of use of online self-assessment with feedback and their final performance on the course, taking
into account both learners’ motivation and perceived usefulness of these resources for their learning process. Furthermore,
we studied the relationship between metacognitive variables and academic performance and/or execution of activities aimed
at learning the course content. To this end we created self-assessment material with the Hot Potatoes educational program and assessed the degree to which students took advantage of the tool, their satisfaction with it and
their perceived knowledge, using ad hoc questionnaires. The results indicate better academic performance in those students
that use interactive self-assessment. It should be pointed out that even students with low motivation levels made use of this
teaching tool. Finally, a relationship was found between metacognitive variables and students’ effort and performance. We
discuss the need to include self-assessment in the curriculum, with a view to improving students’ metacognitive knowledge. 相似文献
15.
Margarida César Isolina Oliveira 《European Journal of Psychology of Education - EJPE》2005,20(1):29-43
Portuguese schools in urban areas became multicultural during the 90s. Some students are quite distanced from the school culture.
Many repeat grades. The curriculum emerges as a means of (re)organizing school practice, so that it is designed to foster
inclusion. It is a tool for social mediation between the culture and knowledge of teenagers, and academic ones. It shapes
the interactions between participants, cultural tools and knowledge. The principles of inclusive schooling promote the respect
for diversity, underlining the need to listen to all voices of a learning community. According to the sociocultural approach
appropriating knowledge and developing competencies is a complex process. Interactive practices shape students’ academic performances.
Collaborative project work has been used to promote students’ engagement. This action-research project developed an alternative
curriculum in a class (grades 5 and 6) from a poor and multicultural school in Lisbon. A follow-up investigated the impact
of the educational changes on the learners’ participation in school and in social practices, and on their future life. We
aim at analyzing this alternative curriculum process by focussing on students’ narratives. Results highlight improvements
in students’ academic and social competencies. Changing practices during compulsory education facilitated achievement and
resulted in a better socialization. 相似文献
16.
Lawrence Jun Zhang 《Instructional Science》2008,36(2):89-116
The study explored English as a Second Language (ESL) learner development. In particular, it focused on investigating learners’
understanding of reading and their willingness to be engaged in strategic reading in participatory classroom activities. It
also examined possible effects of such pedagogy on reading performance. The context was a two-month strategy-based reading
instruction program, set within a constructivist framework. The program emphasized developing students’ academic reading proficiency.
The study, quasi-experimental in design, involved a control group and an experimental group, both of whom were ESL students
from the People’s Republic of China (PRC). The students were expected to satisfy an intensive English communication skills
requirement in order to be successfully matriculated into English-medium universities in Singapore. The results showed that
the teacher’s strategy-based instructional intervention evolving around participatory activities affected changes in the ESL
students’ use of reading strategies and improvement in comprehension. These findings are discussed in relation to PRC students
in study-abroad contexts, especially the cultures of learning that they bring along with them. Recommendations for further
research are also made.
I have been granted permission to use all the materials presented in this article and I declare that the participants’ names
that are referred to in this study are not their real names. 相似文献
17.
C. Patrick Proctor Bridget Dalton Paola Uccelli Gina Biancarosa Elaine Mo Catherine Snow Sabina Neugebauer 《Reading and writing》2011,24(5):517-544
This quasi-experimental study investigated the effects of an Internet-delivered universally designed depth of vocabulary intervention
that targeted both English-speaking and Spanish–English-speaking students. Two hundred forty students, 49% of whom were Spanish–English
bilinguals, participated in the 16-week intervention. Intervention students read eight multimedia texts with embedded instruction
on 40 words and reading strategy support. Students could access all texts and activities in Spanish and English. In comparison
to a control group, there were significant intervention effects on a standardized measure of vocabulary knowledge, but effects
were non-significant for comprehension. Similarly, significant effects on researcher-developed measures of vocabulary depth
were detected, but not for a researcher-developed measure of breadth. 相似文献
18.
We describe a model professional development intervention currently being implemented to support 3rd- through 5th-grade teachers’
science instruction in 9 urban elementary schools with high numbers of English language learners. The intervention consists
of curriculum materials for students and teachers, as well as teacher workshops throughout the school year. The curriculum
materials and workshops are designed to complement and reinforce each other in improving teachers’ knowledge, beliefs, and
practices in science instruction and English language development for ELL students. In addition to these primary goals, secondary
goals of the intervention included supporting mathematical understanding, improving scientific reasoning, capitalizing on
students’ home language and culture, and preparing students for high-stakes science testing and accountability through hands-on,
inquiry-based learning experiences. 相似文献
19.
Teachers’ acquisition of knowledge about English word structure 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Previous research suggests that teachers’ knowledge about English word structure (e.g., the phonological structure of words
and common orthographic patterns in English) may be limited, although this knowledge is important for effective teaching of
word decoding. This study examined teacher education students’ knowledge about word structure, and improvements in their knowledge
as a result of instruction, using three tasks: graphophonemic segmentation, classification of pseudowords by syllable type,
and classification of real words as phonetically regular or irregular. Participants came from a special education certification
program and included both preservice and inservice teachers. Results indicated that prior preparation to teach reading influenced
participants’ initial performance on two of the three word-structure tasks (all but graphophonemic segmentation); however,
prior experience in teaching reading did not influence word-structure knowledge. A subset of participants who received specific
instruction about word structure improved their knowledge relative to a comparison group of teacher education students who
did not receive word-structure instruction. Prior preparation did not influence participants’ responsiveness to instruction.
Conclusions support the viewpoint that teacher education must include information about English word structure for educators
who will teach reading and suggest that sufficiently intensive instruction may be important in developing word-structure knowledge. 相似文献
20.
Deborah McCutchen Laura Green Robert D. Abbott Elizabeth A. Sanders 《Reading and writing》2009,22(4):401-423
We report the results of a study with 30 teachers designed to examine the effects of teacher knowledge on the achievement
of struggling readers. We worked with teachers of grades three, four, and five during a 10-day intervention focused on literacy
instruction and related linguistic knowledge, and we assessed their students’ learning across the year. Hierarchical models
of student outcomes indicated that lower-performing students in intervention classrooms showed significantly higher levels
of performance at year end on all literacy measures, compared with their peers in control classrooms (n = 140). In addition, teacher’s linguistic knowledge was related to improved student performance, regardless of condition.
Additional analyses including all students (n = 718) indicated that benefits for the lower performing students in intervention classrooms were shared by their classmates,
but to a more limited extent. 相似文献