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1.
《Journal of Applied Communication Research》2012,40(6):611-627
ABSTRACTThis study explored how men who have sex with men (MSM) communicated their use of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) on smartphone applications. Informed by the theory of problematic integration and uncertainty management, we asked if revealing ‘HIV negative, on PrEP’ status on smartphone applications might increase one's uncertainty in communicating about safe sex with others. We conducted interviews with 31 Taiwanese MSM currently taking PrEP who participated in a national demonstration project. We identified three types of PrEP-related uncertainty: condition, information, and stigma uncertainty. Applied implications of our findings indicate the importance of the feasibility of medical infrastructure in implementing PrEP, the complication in translating scientific and medical jargon into everyday language, and dynamics of negotiating stigmas associated with HIV and AIDS in the context of HIV prevention. 相似文献
2.
Human immunodeficiency virus, or HIV continues to be a serious issue, especially for men who have sex with men (MSM). A new means of HIV prevention, called preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP), significantly reduces the chance of HIV infection. However, adoption of the drug has been slow. In this study, a content analysis of 234 online news articles about PrEP from popular U.S. news Web sites was conducted, focusing on how articles were framed in terms of benefits to PrEP, barriers to PrEP, the severity of HIV, and the susceptibility of MSM to HIV. Results showed that coverage contained conflicting information about PrEP and failed to cast HIV as a serious problem. 相似文献
3.
Yachao Li Jennifer A. Samp Valerie B. Coles Cone Laura M. Mercer Kollar Ralph J. DiClemente Jennifer L. Monahan 《Communication Studies》2018,69(1):67-84
African American women are vulnerable for sexual health risk; thus, condom use is essential. Guided by research linking goals to communicative content, this study explored women’s use of I-, you-, we-, and hedging language during condom negotiation. Female participants (N = 193) engaged in a condom negotiation role play with male confederates, where language use measures were coded. I-language was used the most frequently. Language use differed as a function of men’s tactics, such that women primarily used I-language in response to verbal attacks, you-language in response to seduction, and I- and we-language in response to information seeking. Women who engaged in more recent condom use were more likely to use you-language and, when confederates attacked, they responded with more you-language and less hedging. 相似文献
4.
Ann T. Musgrove Jillian R. Powers Lauri C. Rebar 《College & Undergraduate Libraries》2013,20(3):243-260
AbstractFake news has captured the world’s attention. Educational survey research has highlighted the difficulties students and adults have in determining how to identify valid sources. Psychology can help us to understand why it is difficult to distinguish fact from fiction. The authors describe how to identify fake news from digital sources and ways faculty and librarians can teach information literacy skills using the Association of College and Research Libraries (ACRL) Framework, websites, LibGuides, worksheets, and other resources shared in the extensive appendix. 相似文献
5.
ABSTRACTHafez’s tomb was constructed on the grave of the well-known Iranian poet in Shiraz, in the 1930s. The dome of this monument is made of copper metal and has been exposed to the urban environment for 80 years. In this study, corrosion mechanisms and conservation conditions of the metallic dome of the Hafez’s tomb are investigated by analytical methods including optical microscopy, ICP-MS, SEM-EDX, and X-ray diffraction. The results showed that the dome is constructed from many copper sheets that are hammered to shape the dome. The corrosion products formed on the surface of copper sheets include copper oxide and copper trihydroxichlorides. In fact, the corrosion mechanism occurring in the metallic dome consists of copper oxidation and redeposition of copper II products because of reaction with air pollutants. 相似文献
6.
Dan J. Miller Garry Kidd Peter T. F. Raggatt Kerry Anne McBain Wendy Li 《Communication Research Reports》2020,37(3):110-121
ABSTRACT The idea that pornography promotes sexism is a commonly purported one. This study employed an online sample of heterosexual men (N = 323) to investigate the relationship between pornography use (in terms of both overall level of pornography use and use of violent and/or humiliating pornography) and old-fashioned and modern sexism. The moderating effects of agreeableness and perceived realism of pornography were also assessed. Level of general pornography use and use of violent and/or humiliating pornography was not predictive of either sexism measure. Agreeableness was negatively predictive of both sexism measures, whereas perceived realism was positively predictive of sexism. Agreeableness and perceived realism did not moderate the relationship between level of pornography use and any of the outcome measures. 相似文献
7.
AbstractInformation and Communication Technologies (ICTs) incursion has brought a lot of changes to libraries activities. ICTs are used to manage libraries more efficiently and in meeting customers’ demands more appropriately at the right time. Despite the contribution of ICTs to library and information work, many libraries are yet to adopt these technologies especially in the acquisitions of library materials. This study was carried out in three selected university libraries in North West Nigeria. The objectives of the study were to: determine the influence of performance expectancy on academic librarians’ intention to use ICT for acquisition; establish the influence of effort expectancy on academic librarians’ intention to use ICT for acquisition; find out the extent of social influence and facilitating conditions on academic librarians’ intention to use ICT for acquisition and lastly to proffer recommendations. This study adopted a positivistic approach and used a questionnaire administered to 224 librarians to collect data in the three selected libraries. The study is guided by the Unified Theory Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) developed by Venkatesh. Findings from the study reveals that academic librarians are supportive on the use of ICT in their work; ICTs are significantly important, trainings were organized mainly for librarians on general use of ICT not only on acquisition, but also on the general issues related to library activities; librarians also have the knowledge necessary to use ICT for acquisition in their libraries. The study recommends among others that the parent universities should increase the funding of their libraries with adequate supervision, so that such funds are well utilized for ICTs application; university libraries should continually sponsor their academic staff on modern computerized ways of using ICTs to source for materials and the acquisition of information resources in academic libraries should be given all the seriousness it deserves by enacting legislation to allocate a reasonable percentage of the university’s budget to it. 相似文献
8.
Joseph R. Matthews 《Public Library Quarterly》2016,35(3):175-187
OCLC’s WorldCat now holds more than 320 million bibliographic records with some 2-plus billion holdings linked to the bibliographic records. The vast majority of the world’s libraries, archives, and museums rely on OCLC as the primary source for bibliographic records. Compared to all other options, OCLC is clearly the very large elephant in the room. OCLC provides a broad range of services, including WorldShare Metadata Services (cataloging); WorldShare Interlibrary Loan (sharing resources); WorldShare Management Services (cloud-based integrated library system); WorldCat Discovery Services; and CONTENTdm? (management of digital collections). This article explores the available options for obtaining cataloging records from alternative sources by considering four factors: breadth, quality, ease of use, and costs of use of the bibliographic database. 相似文献
9.
Harrison J 《Health information and libraries journal》2011,28(3):161-170
The focus of this article is the availability and use of information in the UK about the male menopause or as it's beginning to be known by the general public and health professionals, the andropause. The experiences of men suffering from the andropause today are reflective of menopausal women some 20 or 30 years ago. Ignorance and fear of the andropause condition abounds in the general public and amongst health professionals. There is a paucity of information in the literature about the symptoms and condition of the andropause. The review considers the provision and use of information available for men in the andropause in the public domain, examining both NHS and condition specific sources. The use of electronic sources is specifically reviewed, including an online forum. The use of electronic sources is indicative of other health information users. The reviewer concludes by suggesting that increased knowledge sharing is required by health professionals and the general public about the symptoms and condition of the andropause. It is recommended that men in the andropause identify a 'champion' to assist their cause. This will help in gaining greater recognition and understanding of the condition and attract the most appropriate treatment. 相似文献
10.
［目的/意义］ 基于个体信息行为发生动力理论,深入研究受害人诈骗信息接受意愿及其诈骗信息分享行为过程中不同影响因素间的作用机理,对于做好电信诈骗犯罪预防具有重要意义。 ［方法/过程］ 基于"动机-机会-能力"（motivation-opportunity-ability,MOA）模型逻辑框架,从受害人动机因素、机会因素、能力因素三方面建构影响受害人欺诈信息接受意愿及其对欺诈信息分享行为的理论模型,借助IBM-SPSS23.0和AMOS23.0统计软件,通过问卷调查方法、多元统计回归方法对1 398个受害人调查样本进行实证分析和数据处理。 ［结果/结论］ 性别和婚姻状况对于受害人接受欺诈信息意愿存在显著影响;虚假信息"权威性"、对欺诈人员的信任度以及自身贪利心理等动机因素是受害人产生欺诈信息接受意愿的重要驱动力;受害人自我效能感和网络安全识别能力对其欺诈信息接受意愿分别具有正向和负向显著影响,且两者均对欺诈信息接受意愿与其欺诈信息分享行为之间关系具有显著正向调节作用;受害人智能手机依赖程度、个体时间成本均对欺诈信息接受意愿与其欺诈信息分享行为之间的作用关系具有显著正向调节作用。结果表明,打击电信诈骗要多措并举,加强针对虚假信息、名人代言与各类媒体的监管,增强受害人网络安全识别能力,防范智能手机网络金融非理性投资。 相似文献
11.
ABSTRACT This experiment (N= 476) investigates how individuals evaluate political candidates who use informal communication on social media. We use expectancy violations theory (EVT) to predict that informal communication will lead to negative evaluations. Our results suggest that politicians’ use of informal communication on social media leads to expectancy violation, which decreases perceived credibility and lessens intention to support a candidate. This effect was not moderated by sex (male versus female) or age (young versus old) of the candidate, nor of participants being the same sex as the candidate. These findings suggest that political figures should use informal communication on social media with caution. 相似文献
12.
David C. Oh 《Critical Studies in Media Communication》2018,35(4):350-362
Better Late than Never is a remake of a Korean reality T.V. travel show, which aired on N.B.C. in August 2016. The show’s premise features four elder celebrity men – Henry Winkler, William Shatner, Terry Bradshaw, and George Foreman – with their mid-30s companion Jeff Dye as they travel through the “exotic” lands of East Asia. Through the use of two popular narrative tropes, the bromance and the Western journey for self-discovery in Asia, the show argues that the interaction with the Asian other is beneficial primarily in masculine self-discovery and masculine homosocial bonding. Borrowing from Steeves’s use of the hybrid encounter, I argue that B.L.T.N. positions the strange Asian other as valuable only as a reference for becoming reacquainted with the U.S. American self and emotionally connected to his fraternal companions. Thus, B.L.T.N. rejects hybridity and reinforces U.S. American masculinity through the reification of ideologically preferred contact with the other that is shallow and that benefits the Western traveler. 相似文献
13.
ABSTRACTAdding multiple sources of information in the display of Web search results may negatively affect users’ perceptual experience and information-seeking behavior. This claim was established by investigating the impact of different Web search compositions on users’ ability to extract specific information. In this article, we assumed that the quantity and order of different compositions (areas) in the Web search results page may contribute to individual’s ability to find information relevant to their search queries. An eye-tracking device was used to observe and compare the perceptual behavior of 14 users in an information-seeking task. The results showed that the use of different compositions in the display of Web results page significantly influenced users’ perceptual experience by reducing their attention to the organic results area. The quantity of these compositions was found to greatly increase the cognitive load of users when attempting to retrieve information from the organic area, which negatively affects their information-seeking performance. Our finding provides a rationale for further studies to consider the impact of quantity and order of Web page compositions on individuals’ perceptual attention and cognitive load in information-seeking task settings. 相似文献
14.
Daniel H. Mansson 《Communication Research Reports》2020,37(1-2):1-10
ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between grandparents’ use of relational maintenance behaviors (RMB) and their young adult grandchildren’s willingness to serve as future caregivers for their grandparents. Undergraduate students (N = 209) completed a questionnaire in which they reported on a specific grandparent’s use of RMB and how willing they were to serve as future caregivers for that specific grandparent. Results of a multiple regression analysis provided partial support for the hypothesized positive relationships between grandparents’ use of RMB and grandchildren’s willingness to serve as future caregivers for their grandparents. 相似文献
15.
《Legal Reference Services Quarterly》2013,32(2-3):89-116
Abstract This paper attempts to illustrate the challenges that a reference law librarian might face when facing the information needs of Constitutionalist patrons.Constitutionalist patrons here are defined as members of a diverse community of groups that challenge the validity of the mainstream legal system in a variety of ways.The paper provides background on the different types of patrons who fit the generic category of Constitutionalist, explains the theories that these patrons use to view the legal system, and discusses sources and materials that are of interest to them.The intention of the paper is to provide the reference librarian with the necessary background information to understand the perspective from which the patrons approach the law library. 相似文献
16.
ABSTRACT How do educators capitalize on students’ comfort with ubiquitous communications in order to develop information literacy skills required in the 21st century? A curriculum materials librarian and a professor in the School of Education present an approach that uses library instruction, online research scaffolds, and peer evaluation within a class wiki to enhance student research practices and academic achievement. The explosion of information sources and access to networked technologies has provided the opportunity to “ratchet up” the expectations for student research in higher education. The Association of College & Research Libraries's information literacy standards for higher education provide a framework for setting these expectations. The authors describe features of an introductory education course that seeks to enhance honors freshman students’ knowledge of library research resources, efficient research skills, and scholarly writing, as described in these standards. 相似文献
17.
Annis Lee Adams 《Public Services Quarterly》2020,16(2):95-100
Abstract2020 is an election year in the United States. As we know from both past elections and the current election season, mudslinging, hyperbole, misinformation campaigns, and fake news proliferate the media landscape. Finding and recognizing reliable, accurate, nonpartisan election information can be challenging. Fortunately, several websites offer reliable, accurate, nonpartisan, and balanced information on the election and about voting. Some sources include information on how to register to vote, who can register to vote, and explain voting rights. Other sources provide links to or compile information on candidate voting records, where candidates get their funding, where they stand on issues, and fact check their statements. And, still others allow voters to get personalized information about what will be on their specific ballots, such as all the candidates running for local, state, and national offices, as well as bond measures, propositions, and other ballot initiatives. The reviews included in this issue’s column comprise a sampling of reliable election websites spanning the various election topics mentioned above. Librarians can feel confident recommending these sites to their patrons looking for accurate, balanced, reliable election and voting information. 相似文献
18.
Parents are an important source of advice when adolescents are faced with decisions about postsecondary education and career planning; however, parents often need to seek information to facilitate their child’s career development. This study applies the theory of motivated information management (TMIM) to evaluate the decision-making process parents undergo in this context and tests the boundaries of TMIM by considering how individuals use face-to-face (FtF) and online sources to alleviate uncertainty-related anxieties. A community sample of parents (N?=?937) completed a survey regarding their information seeking behaviors surrounding their adolescent’s career development. Parents reported using both FtF and online sources to seek information about their child’s postsecondary plans, and they engaged in different evaluative processes depending on the source of information. Theoretical implications related to TMIM and practical implications related to parents as sources of information in adolescent career development are discussed. 相似文献
19.
《文物保护研究》2013,58(3):163-170
AbstractThere is a need for a simple, rapid method which can be used with a minimum of equipment to evaluate whether microbial populations may pose a potential risk to the integrity of stone incorporated into buildings and works of art. Fluorescein diacetate (FDA) and 2-(4-iodophenyl)-3-(4-nitrophenyl)-5-phenyl tetrazolium chloride (INT) were compared for detection of microbial activity on stone, using both pure cultures of bacteria from stone and also natural stone samples. Both compounds could detect activity of bacteria and other microorganisms isolated from stone. INT-formazan was produced only by intact microorganisms whereas FDA was cleaved by extracellular enzymes as well. Use of FDA with stone samples was successful but INT required extended incubation times which gave little indication of in situ activity. A positive correlation was found between rapid cleavage of large amounts (> 15μg per gram stone) of FDA and production of INT-formazan after extended incubation periods. FDA was therefore found to be more appropriate as an indirect measure of metabolic activity of microbial populations on stone. The simplicity of the method makes it suitable for use by non-scientific personnel, with a minimum of scientific equipment, to identify stones at risk from active microbial populations. 相似文献
20.
Hannah Bingman-Forshey 《Public Services Quarterly》2020,16(1):65-69
AbstractThis article examines the challenges of providing library services to incarcerated men at the State Correctional Institution Benner Township in Bellefonte, Pennsylvania. Most challenges stem from sustaining an inmate’s right of access to the courts, operating without the technology found in most public libraries, and dealing with censorship. 相似文献