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1.
Abstract

To assess the extent to which student evaluations of lecturers are accurate indicators of quality of instruction (teacher effectiveness), 128 students taking a multisection course in University Mathematics evaluated the performance of their particular lecturers. Initial tests indicated no difference among the students taking the different sections (same content) in either aptitude or expected performance. Hence, the fact that significantly positive correlations were obtained between average student performance and average student evaluations of their lecturers across the various sections suggests that student evaluations of this kind can be used as a measure of instructional effectiveness under appropriate conditions.  相似文献   

2.
Abstract

Based on Fiedler’s contingency model of leadership, it was assumed that the teacher style required for effective student learning in the classroom depends on the favorableness of the situation for teaching (favorableness is defined in terms of ease of exercising influence). A person-oriented teacher was expected to be more effective than a task-oriented teacher in a situation of intermediate favorableness. A task-oriented teacher was expected to be more effective in an unfavorable situation. In support of these predictions, eighth-grade male students in a situation of intermediate favorableness rated the person-oriented teacher more positively than the task-oriented teacher in terms of effectiveness, encouragement, interest, and how much they learned. In an unfavorable situation, the opposite pattern occurred: students rated the task-oriented teacher more positively than the person-oriented teacher. Results on a performance test at the end of the lesson, though not significant, were in the predicted direction that paralleled the results on students' impression ratings. The implications of these results for teacher education were considered.  相似文献   

3.
Abstract

This study examined the influence of the incorporation of set induction into teacher’s instructional strategies upon pupil achievement and pupil perception of teacher effectiveness. One hundred and eighty ninth-grade pupils were randomly divided into eighteen groups of ten each. Eighteen pre-service teachers were assigned to these groups. One half of this teacher population was given instruction in the skill of incorporation of set induction in their instructional strategies and one half served as a control group. Data was gathered by administering pre-post test in achievement and Teacher Demonstration Rating Forms and was analyzed by an analysis of variance. The results supported previous research in the area of teacher effectiveness and indicated that set induction is an important variable in the determination of student achievement.  相似文献   

4.
《师资教育杂志》2012,38(3):193-202
Abstract

Characteristics which enhance a teacher's popularity with students may or may not be compatible with promotion of his/her classroom effectiveness and/or long‐term influence. Data from a sample of Barbadian adolescents indicated that factors relating to physical attractiveness figured strongly, though in some respects ambiguously, in ratings of teacher popularity. Factors perceived as contributing to unpopularity, on the other hand, seemed most essentially related to lack of teacher respect for students. Nevertheless, the relative prominence of certain ‘popular’ and ‘unpopular’ characteristics were determined to some extent by the variables of teacher sex and student sex and age.  相似文献   

5.
ABSTRACT

Educators in higher education commonly use peer and self evaluations to help assess student performance on group projects. Although these evaluations provide multiple benefits, many educators are wary of using them due to concerns about their quality. This study addresses three questions debated in the literature regarding the quality of these assessments. How much do students differentiate among peer contributions through their ratings? How reliable are peer ratings? How much agreement exists between peer and self ratings? Although these questions have been addressed to varying degrees in past work, their answers have been far from settled. While many studies focus on just one of the questions, this study’s data make it possible to address all three questions for the same group of students as well as examine each question by student performance level. The evaluations assessed in this study were completed by a large number of students under conditions associated with obtaining more valid and reliable ratings. Overall, the results provide support for using peer and self evaluations to help assess student contributions to group projects. Peer ratings were largely reliable as group members generally agreed on the scores given to their peers. In addition, most students differentiated among group member contributions through their ratings. Students also tended to rate themselves higher than their peers rated them. This study has implications for how peer and self evaluations can be most effectively used by educators to measure student performance in group work.  相似文献   

6.
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7.
Abstract

This study was undertaken to determine if remarks about a teacher’s ability made by an authority figure prior to observation of that teacher would significantly influence the evaluation of that teacher’s effectiveness. Thirty-four graduate students in educational supervision rated a videotaped lesson; seventeen were led to believe the teacher was an excellent teacher and the other seventeen that the teacher was less than effective. Results confirmed that there was a significant difference in the ratings of the videotaped lesson by the two groups, with the group led to expect better performance rating the videotaped lesson higher. It is concluded that those making evaluations of teaching behavior are highly influenced by verbal comments that led them to expect either excellent or less than average performance.  相似文献   

8.
ABSTRACT

This article argues that representations of teacher and student identity obscure the complexity of individuals as becomings. Evidence from interviews and observations with Western teachers in international schools in Vietnam suggests that these representations posit the existence of stable teacher and student identities and derive the difference between them from static images of Western and Asian cultures. I argue that thinking through Deleuze’s concepts of becoming, difference, and faciality offers possibilities for different kinds of encounters between teachers and students as individuals.  相似文献   

9.
The inter-rater reliability of university students’ evaluations of teaching quality was examined with cross-classified multilevel models. Students (N = 480) evaluated lectures and seminars over three years with a standardised evaluation questionnaire, yielding 4224 data points. The total variance of these student evaluations was separated into the variance components of courses, teachers, students and the student/teacher interaction. The substantial variance components of teachers and courses suggest reliability. However, a similar proportion of variance was due to students, and the interaction of students and teachers was the strongest source of variance. Students’ individual perceptions of teaching and the fit of these perceptions with the particular teacher greatly influence their evaluations. This casts some doubt on the validity of student evaluations as indicators of teaching quality and suggests that aggregated evaluation scores should be used with caution.  相似文献   

10.
Abstract

This paper defines teacher empathy, argues that teacher empathy enhances student learning, and offers suggestions for increasing teacher empathy. Teacher empathy is the degree to which an instructor works to deeply understand students’ personal and social situations, to feel care and concern in response to students’ positive and negative emotions, and to respond compassionately without losing the focus on student learning. Teacher empathy is communicated to students through course policies as well as the instructor’s behavior toward students. To increase teacher empathy, we review non-pejorative explanations for undesirable student behavior (e.g., fear of failure), and we suggest ways in which faculty can learn about their students and can structure course policies to increase teacher empathy. Ultimately, we call for research on teacher empathy and student learning.  相似文献   

11.
There is growing interest in evidence-based interventions that can improve student teachers’ professional development. But how can these interventions be implemented into everyday teacher education practice by teacher educators themselves—without losing their initial, lab-tested effectiveness due to teacher educators’ practical educational autonomy? Through a quasi-experimental field study the following question is investigated: What is the impact of different degrees of educational autonomy (low/middle/high) that 19 teacher educa­tors are granted while implementing an experimentally proven concept into their teacher training courses on the development of the competence to diagnose classroom situations among 261 student teachers? ANCOVAs using planned contrasts indicate that the effectiveness of the concept can be sustained in ‘the real world’ of teacher education practice, even if practitioners—no longer researchers—are responsible for the concept realization; thereby, the highest increase in student teachers’ competence occurred when low educational autonomy was granted, i.e., the concept was implemented closely to the original.  相似文献   

12.
《师资教育杂志》2012,38(2):149-159

The effectiveness of a dyadic relationship between student teacher and individual child, referred to as 'mentoring', is examined. Interviews between student teacher and teacher educator revealed that student teachers benefited from the experience in their understanding of children, especially those at risk. They also improved interpersonal and teaching skills. These effects could be enhanced by supervisor guidance.  相似文献   

13.
Abstract

We exploit within-teacher variation in the years that math and reading teachers in grades 4–8 host an apprentice (“student teacher”) in Washington State to estimate the causal effect of these apprenticeships on student achievement, both during the apprenticeship and afterwards. While the average causal effect of hosting a student teacher on student performance in the year of the apprenticeship is indistinguishable from zero in both math and reading, hosting a student teacher is found to have modest positive impacts on student math and reading achievement in a teacher’s classroom in following years. These findings suggest that schools and districts can participate in the student teaching process without fear of short-term decreases in student test scores while potentially gaining modest long-term test score increases.  相似文献   

14.

This report describes a study designed to assess the relationship of teachers’ affective communication with student evaluation of effectiveness at two times during a semester. Two questions were addressed: (1) Do student evaluations of affect and effectiveness change and (2) Does the relationship between affect and effectiveness change? The data suggests that there are moderate, but significant changes toward more negative perceptions from midterm and the end of the semester. The data also indicates that affect is significantly related to effectiveness overtime. Suggestions for future research are suggested.  相似文献   

15.
ABSTRACT

This study reports on how student teachers learn in the workplace. Data from 10 student teachers were collected by means of digital logs and in-depth interviews. By reconstructing data into stories and unravelling these stories, it became clear that the learning process of each student teacher was dominated by one specific theme, such as student-centred teaching or creating a positive learning climate. These themes could be typified as professional identity themes, because all appeared to be both personal and professional. Five student teachers experienced their workplace learning process as continuous: they integrated their teaching experiences relatively easily into their personal conceptual framework. The other five experienced their workplace learning process as discontinuous: they experienced tensions caused by frictions between personal and professional aspects of becoming a teacher. Both types of learning can stimulate and hinder student teachers’ professional development. The findings indicate that reconstructing data into stories and unravelling these stories is a useful technique for understanding student teacher workplace learning as a result of the interaction between personal and professional aspects of becoming a teacher.  相似文献   

16.
ABSTRACT

In response to a shortage of qualified Black and Hispanic teachers, community colleges (CC) have developed certificate programs and Associate of Arts degrees in teacher education to address shortages of minority teachers in the nation’s classrooms. We examined one CC’s effectiveness in transferring Black and Hispanic students to university teacher education programs and the association with Black and Hispanic students graduating with a bachelor’s degree. We compared enrollment and transfer student data for the 2003 community college teacher education program cohort to graduation data for native-to-university students of two 4-year universities. Data were analyzed using chi square and phi coefficients. The CC Black and Hispanic students graduated at the same rates as the native-to-university students and higher than their peers of the same races, regardless of major, who began at 2-year colleges at the national level. We encourage CC teacher education programs to invest resources to increase enrollment of Black and Hispanic students to address the growing need for minority teachers to serve in urban communities.  相似文献   

17.
Abstract

Through a content analysis of university supervisors’ written reports of observations of student teachers’ classroom performance, twenty-three categories of statements made by university supervisors about student teachers and their teaching performance were identified. Scores on the Remote Associates Test and the Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking were correlated with relative frequency of use of the content categories. Correlations supported the hypotheses that more creative supervisors will be aware of a greater number of factors in a student teacher’s performance, will tend to use broad general factors in assessing a student teacher’s performance rather than specific, detailed ones, and will be more sensitive to factors involving teacher-pupil relationships than will their less creative colleagues.  相似文献   

18.
Abstract

The purpose of this investigation was to explore the relationship between pupil achievement of specified objectives and the opportunity to learn them. Opportunity to learn was measured by four counts of substantive teacher statements and teacher-pupil interchanges, these same counts given as percent of total interaction, a count of problems attempted per pupil, and a teacher rating of content emphasis. Twenty-three teachers taught a probability unit containing eighteen objectives to twenty-six classes. They gave a pretest, taught for three class periods, and gave a posttest. The design for the analysis was a two-way nested analysis of covariance. In general, the contention that a student’s achievement of an objective is related to the opportunity to learn the objective was supported. Other areas relating to achievement were teacher perception of emphasis, student work, and teacher information.  相似文献   

19.
ABSTRACT

Research suggests a positive relationship between schools’ efforts to engage parents and parents’ involvement in their child's education. The authors investigated school socioeconomic status, school size, grade level, and student–teacher ratio as predictors of schools’ efforts to engage parents of students receiving special education services. The dependent variable was the Schools’ Efforts to Partner with Parents’ Scale, which has been validated for states’ use in their federal accountability systems. Mean school-level scores were calculated for 265 schools in a large southeastern state. Results indicated that student–teacher ratio was the strongest predictor of parents’ perceived school engagement efforts. Implications are drawn for ways in which all schools, including those with high student–teacher ratios, can improve their collaboration with parents of students receiving special education services.  相似文献   

20.
ABSTRACT

This paper examines the processes of regulation of student learning that are associated with formative assessment in the classroom. It discusses the concept of co-regulation and presents a model of co-regulation developed in a situated perspective on classroom learning. This model conceptualises co-regulated learning as resulting from the joint influence of student self-regulation and of sources of regulation in the learning environment: namely, the structure of the teaching/learning situation, the teacher’s interventions and interactions with students, the interactions between students, and the tools used for instruction and for assessment. Examples of research showing how co-regulation functions are discussed, in particular students’ use of tools for self-assessment and peer assessment, and the role of teacher–student interactions that encourage active student participation in formative assessment.  相似文献   

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