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1.
《文物保护研究》2013,58(4):224-230
AbstractCrystallization of sulphates in the form of gypsum and mirabilite/thenardite is one of the main causes of the accelerated disintegration of historic frescoes. The sulphur, which is necessary for these processes, may originate from a large number of different sources. Although the nature and velocity of the processes causing the damage, as well as the possible transport pathways of the saltforming ions, can be determined with reasonable accuracy, reliable information on the origin of the ions is seldom forthcoming. Sulphur isotope ratios were determined for various construction materials and salts from the church at Eilsum (Lower Saxony, Germany) where the romanesque frescoes have suffered serious damage. The studies showed clearly that sulphate on the walls inside the church, in contrast to that on the outside walls, originates mainly from the ground beneath the church from where capillary rise takes place within the walls. This information on sources and pathways of saltforming ions may contribute towards developing a programme of remedial measures. 相似文献
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《文物保护研究》2013,58(1):127-129
AbstractThe restoration of the seventeenth-century adobe church at Carabuco, Bolivia, offers a model of how to conduct the preservation of the Latin American cultural heritage at remote sites. This paper details the conservation of the church's polychromed wooden choirloft, which had previously been restored in 1765-66 after this and other portions of the church collapsed. The choirloft is made oflocally grown eucalyptus wood painted all over with a tempera-based medium. It was executed by a local artist whose style draws on local folk-art traditions while reinterpreting European Renaissance decorative schemes. The choirloft conservation project had two goals: to guarantee its structural integrity and to stabilize the decorative paint layers. These goals were accomplished in a four-month conservation project which formed part of a larger effort to restore the church. 相似文献
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《图书馆管理杂志》2013,53(1-2):383-392
Abstract This institution is in the process of establishing a graphical interface, Web-based MOO [Multi-User Dungeon, Object-Oriented], both to create a forum for synchronous library instruction and to serve as an online meeting place for off-campus students, who are otherwise without a learning community. This paper describes the development of that service and outlines its strengths and weaknesses. 相似文献
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《文物保护研究》2013,58(4):297-307
AbstractWet organic archaeological materials extracted from seawater may suffer damage as a result of degradation influenced by micro-organisms. One of the most common phenomena is indirectly induced by sulphate-reducing bacteria (SRB). Due to their metabolic activity in anoxic conditions, SRB generate hydrogen sulphide from sulphate ions present in seawater. When steel items are in contact with organic matter in presence of sulphides, corrosion of the metal leads to the precipitation of Fe(II) sulphides. These phases are responsible for dramatic post-excavation damage: their oxidation during storage or exhibition in museums leads to the formation of voluminous crystals, which may cause cracking and crumbling, and lead to the production of sulphuric acid. In order to characterize Fe(II) sulphides and their by-products, 13 waterlogged samples were analysed by environmental scanning electron microscopy, micro-Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. Experiments were performed on untreated wood fragments, on a fragment of rope, and on mineral concretions scratched from the surface of wood remains, all extracted from different shipwrecks. Mackinawite was detected inside the fragments and between the fibres of the rope. Greigite was detected in scattered locations. Pyrite and sulphated phases, like gypsum and iron sulphates, were identified at the surface of the wood fragments and in the mineral concretions. 相似文献
5.
《文物保护研究》2013,58(4):238-251
AbstractOne of the main causes of the loss of paintwork from medieval stained glass windows is the propagation of cracks in the grisaille and in the underlying glass, which cannot be considered the result of a stabilization process, but the evidence of an ongoing stress. The thermal behaviour of different-coloured painted glass pieces exposed to direct solar radiation was investigated in order to study the effect of thermal stresses on the conservation of the paintwork. Experimental results have been compared with laboratory tests as well as with measurements carried out on original stained glass windows. The grisaille showed a thermal behaviour similar to that of the glass on which it is fired. A clear correlation was found between the glass thermal cycles, the increase in stress at the glass–grisaille interface and the growth of cracks in the grisaille. According to these results, protective glazing aids the preservation of the paintwork from the risk of damage and loss, reducing the thermal stresses on the glass of the stained glass windows in terms of amplitude and frequency. 相似文献
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《文物保护研究》2013,58(1):51-62
AbstractThe conservation of non-metallic seals is an aspect of archival conservation which is all too often neglected.The authors show the most usual causes and forms of damage together with various methods of treatment. Among the aspects discussed are composition and manufacture; cleaning and repair of single and double-faced seals made of beeswax, shellac and other thermoplastic compounds; the conservation and repair of papered seals, together with seals and wafers applied en placard to documents; and methods of packing and storage used in the University of Glasgow Archives. 相似文献
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《文物保护研究》2013,58(4):198-201
AbstractAn improved technique for the accurate reassembly of large plaster piece-moulds made in the field is described. The proposed method relies on the construction, within the main mould, of supporting detachable plaster arches which are accurately surveyed and planned in situ and subsequently easily reassembled prior to the making of the final cast. 相似文献
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《Journal of Interlibrary Loan, Document Delivery & Electronic Reserve》2013,23(3):109-113
Abstract This paper highlights the general methodology for carrying out a feasibility study for establishing the Library Network. There is a general consensus and a favourable environment for establishing a network of Libraries at local, regional and national levels. The Library Network could provide a solution for the problems of accessing library materials. Once the feasibility study is carried out, the establishment of the Library Network will not be difficult. 相似文献
9.
《图书馆管理杂志》2013,53(1-2):247-250
Abstract As distance education (DE) and its support needs proliferate, schools of library and information science (LIS) need to address the education of librarians for the provision of DE services. This paper discusses current efforts of LIS programs in this regard, difficulties of establishing curricular units in this area, and steps the profession can take to ensure that education for DE services becomes an integral part of all LIS curricula. 相似文献
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《The Reference Librarian》2013,54(82):69-105
Abstract The Illinois Fire Service Institute (IFSI) Library, established in 1990 to support instructional teaching and research, continued to support the academic programs in the Institute while initiating and developing its Outreach Program in 1998. This program provides library and information services to Illinois fire departments and firefighters throughout the state. Since establishing the Outreach Program, the IFSI Library has accumulated more than 7,000 entries in a “Reference Request Database.” This paper reports and analyzes the data, including request methods, delivery methods, types of requests, and types of resources. Trends indicate a change over time in request and delivery methods. Different regions of the state and different user groups have begun to use the library. The research can serve as a model for designing, developing and evaluating outreach reference service in a special or small library dedicated to meeting the information needs of remote library users. 相似文献
12.
文章在实践教学体系构建基本思路的指导下,构建档案学专业主干实验课程及其实验室体系,建立校外实践教学基地网络,加强实践教学师资队伍建设,建立实践教学指导委员会,构建实践教学质量评价体系 相似文献
13.
《The Reference Librarian》2013,54(75-76):163-172
Summary Emerging technologies continue to offer librarians new opportunities to improve user services. Comment and query links on some library web pages are absorbing a significant share of the customer service workload previously handled by traditional reference desks. Fa miliar types of patron problems of course continue to crop up at the “vir tual reference desk.” New and different aspects of patron problems also appear. Originating with the experiences of a research university li brary's web group in dealing with incoming user messages, this study examines the challenges as well as advantages of dealing with “problem patron” phenomena in a virtual environment. 相似文献
14.
《College & Undergraduate Libraries》2013,20(1-2):153-164
Abstract A university library implemented a three-pronged marketing action plan to increase library visibility on campus. The plan included a publicity campaign, a formalized liaison program, and a user satisfaction survey. The year-long effort did return library instruction statistics to earlier levels but did not increase reference usage. Several factors are identified as potential causes for its limited success. 相似文献
15.
《文物保护研究》2013,58(3):118-126
AbstractA series of corroded stone specimens from Salzburg monuments was examined by electron-probe microanalysis. The crusts arose from environmental effects, in the case of marble primarily from SO2. Deterioration phenomena can be correlated with stone surface features. 相似文献
16.
《Public Library Quarterly》2013,32(3-4):179-187
SUMMARY Hurricane Katrina's winds and flood waters impacted nearly every library in the New Orleans metropolitan area. The author provides a brief commentary on the extent of damage at the academic libraries before describing in detail the destruction and recovery of the library at Xavier University. The article offers a series of questions that librarians in flood-prone areas might ask in order to prepare themselves and their staffs for the possibility of a major flood and its consequences. 相似文献
17.
《The Reference Librarian》2013,54(79-80):335-342
Summary Offering a wide range of unique and useful tools, the library of the Oklahoma City National Memorial Institute for the Prevention of Terrorism (MIPT) is a national center of excellence for terrorism research. MIPT and its library act as a living memorial to the victims, survivors, rescuers, and family members of the bombing of the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building in Oklahoma City on April 19, 1995. MIPT conducts research into the social and political causes and effects of terrorism, and its mission is to prevent and deter terrorism in the United States or mitigate its effects. 相似文献
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ABSTRACTChina’s distinct development of the Internet has provided religious populations within its mainland access, allowing them to create practices and resources related to the development of religion online. Yet this phenomenon has been understudied both within the current Chinese research on the Internet and international studies of digital religion online. This article provides an overview of digital religion in the Chinese context by identifying and exploring the main characteristics of Buddhism, Islam, and Protestantism manifest online. This is done by providing an overview of current research and profiling the development of different forms of digital religious expression found in China. Through this we show how the concept of digital religion is manifest in China and how this compares to Western understandings of such practices, and we highlight the unique characteristics defining the Chinese religious digital landscape. 相似文献
20.
ABSTRACTVibrations due to heavy construction work continue to be a major concern for museums. Although there has been an increase in research on the effect of vibrations on objects of cultural heritage in recent years, selecting measures to protect collections and remain open during construction work continues to be difficult because of a lack of data on what objects can actually withstand, the complexity of vibration loads, and the uniqueness of each situation. The major renovation of the Central Library in Liverpool, UK, which shared walls with the World Museum and Walker Art Gallery, both of which belong within National Museums Liverpool, showed how museums and other institutions can successfully deal with such situations. An integral approach was taken, beginning with an extensive risk analysis to determine which objects could remain on display, which needed extra protection and regular condition monitoring, and which had to be removed. The museums then negotiated a vibration protocol and action plan with the contractors, including continuous monitoring, and trigger levels requiring consultation or work stoppage. Vibration data were also stored and used for later analysis. This integral approach was successful in protecting the collections on exhibition, with only two incidents of reported damage directly related to vibrations. A combination of museum staff experience, excellent communications with the contractors, and some flexibility in defining vibration limits provided a successful recipe for both museums. The analysis of the vibration data using the basic engineering concept of the Palmgren-Miner rule, supports a more flexible approach to setting vibration limits based on recently published guidelines. 相似文献