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1.
三叶半夏花药培养及单倍体植株的获得 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
目的:研究三叶半夏花药培养条件,诱导单倍体植株,为三叶半夏育种研究提供材料.方法:对3种不同叶型的三叶半夏进行花药培养和单倍体诱导.结果:4℃预处理5 d后,三叶半夏花药在N6+2,4-D 1.0 mg·L-1+6-BA0.5 mg·L-1+5%蔗糖+0.8%琼脂的培养基中,诱导产生愈伤组织的效果最佳.在优化条件下不同叶型的花药都诱导出了愈伤组织,诱导率分别为:桃叶型半夏Bx-t最高,为4.25%.芍药叶型半夏Bx-s为2.08%,柳叶型半夏Bx-1最低,为0.99%.结论:通过半夏花药培养,能够诱导出愈伤组织和单倍体植株. 相似文献
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玉米双单倍体技术能够快速提供来自供体亲本的稳定纯系。目前,全世界有250多个作物物种应用了双单倍体育种,12个物种中培育了300多个来自于栽培种的DH系。玉米单倍体的选育和加倍技术较为先进。与传统育种方法相比较,双单倍体技术是选育玉米自交系的一种最快、最简便、经济和直接的方法,可以生产100％纯合的优良自交系。目前,该技术正在得到广泛的普及应用。 相似文献
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本试验对9个玉米新品种的主要农艺性状和产量等与哲单7号进行包头了对比试验,结果表明：秦龙九号、郝育19、冀玉9号和内单205与对照哲单7号相比表现高产,可以在包头市大面积推广种植;浚单20、科河10号、科河8号和郑单518增产幅度大,生育期较对照长0～3天,可在土默特右旗覆膜推广种植;金山12与对照哲单7号相比,生育期长10天,株高、叶长和持绿性好,生物学产量高,可在土默特右旗按青贮型玉米推广种植。 相似文献
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属间远缘杂交(Oryza×Sorghum)后代氮素反应特性及高产生理基础研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
研究了在玻璃网室盆栽和水培条件下属间远缘杂交种远诱１号（Ｏｒｙｚａ（Ｃ３）×Ｓｏｒｇｈｕｍ（Ｃ４）之稳定后代）、远诱１号的母本圭６３０（Ｃ３）、三系杂交组合汕优６３（Ｃ３）对不同氮素条件的形态、农艺和生理上的反应．结果表明，远诱１号（ＹＲ）的氮素利用效率（ＮＵＥ）显著地高于圭６３０（ＧＵ）和汕优６３（ＳＲ）；氮素敏感性按以下顺序递减：ＳＲ＞ＹＲ＞ＧＵ．ＹＲ的经济产量以及其他各主要经济性状均优于其母本ＧＵ及对照ＳＲ，高产的主要原因在于ＹＲ的旺盛的物质生产能力及更合理的光合产物分配． 相似文献
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玉米品种展示试验总结 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《黑龙江科技信息》2016,(19)
试验结果表明:在13个玉米展示品种中,产量高、植株综合性状好的品种有:"禾田4号"、垦沃3号、龙育10号、禾田1号及东农257等五个品种,其中"禾田4号"表现最好,产量最高。 相似文献
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为筛选适合阿里地区种植且比较效益突出的优良玉米品种,为高寒地区发展耐冷玉米产业示范做好品种储备和推广提供参考。通过引进10个高产耐冷玉米品种,在西藏阿里地区噶尔、普兰、札达三县进行品比试验研究。结果表明,德美亚1号、德美亚2号、垦玉6号、辽原1号、北农208在阿里地区不同海拔区域均可种植;在噶尔、札达两县种植北农208产量最佳,在普兰种植金岭377产量最高、效益最佳;德美亚1号、德美亚2号、垦玉6号可在札达县做粮饲兼用。参试各品种在各试点均可种植,且生育期将随种植海拔升高生育期延长,少数品种可作粮饲兼用,管理方面应很抓前期苗期管理,并在进入7月中旬后增加水肥。高海拔区域种植耐冷玉米品种单株生产潜力增大,杆、穗亩产均较低海拔区域春玉米要高,种植效益显著高于种植青稞等作物,可结合结构调整适当加大推广种植面积。 相似文献
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随着计算机及互联网发展而成长起来的Y代员工正逐渐成为社会就业主力,如何更好地吸引、激励、留住新生代中的优秀人才,是大多数企业面临的新的课题。从Y代员工的特点出发,提出了针对Y代员工特点的激励方式。 相似文献
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1 前言农业病虫的长期预测是指预测一个月以外农业病虫发生趋势的预测。三代棉铃虫是胶东半岛中、西部夏玉米穗期的常发性主要害虫。搞好三代棉铃虫的长期预测,对于提高防治工作的主动性,确保夏玉米高产、稳定,具有重大意义。运用Fuzzy综合评判法,在资料不系统、不完整而测报员的实践经验比较丰富的情况下, 相似文献
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本系统充分利用FX1N系列晶体管输出PLC的Y0和Y1的高速脉冲序列输出功能,配合两组伺服电机作为两轴定位,根据中频感应快速加热的优点,设计实现了稳定、高速、精确的尼龙涂敷自动化系统。 相似文献
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基于时序LAI的地块尺度玉米长势监测方法 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
农作物长势监测可为田间管理措施调整和农作物产量预测提供及时、准确的信息。针对中国地块面积小的情况,本文采用中高分辨率的多源遥感影像Landsat-7 ETM+影像、Landsat-8 OLI影像、高分一号（GF-1）影像、HJ-1 A/B卫星影像为数据源;针对目前过多依赖NDVI等易饱和植被指数的问题,研究中选择LAI为长势监测指标,并利用PROSAIL辐射传输模型反演LAI,以保证该指标的准确性;长势实时监测采用RPLAI、LVCI、MLVCI指标,从多个角度表征长势的实时监测结果。研究结果表明：①同时相GF-1影像和Landsat-8 OLI影像具有较高的相关性,2种影像在近红外波段、绿波段、红波段的相关性决定系数R2分别为0.9320、0.7339、0.7153。②基于PROSAIL模型可以反演得到高精度的LAI,基于时序LAI的玉米生长过程监测结果表明：2015年,黑龙江农垦总局八五二农场6月下旬玉米冠层LAI快速增加,7月底、8月初LAI达到最大,并持续一段时间,进入8月下旬后,LAI开始下降。③利用RPLAI、LVCI、MLVCI指标对研究区玉米长势实时监测的结果表明,与2011—2014年相比,2015年八五二农场玉米长势一般,研究区北部长势较好,南部区域长势较差。从研究结果我们得出如下结论：①同时相的Landsat-8 OLI影像与GF-1遥感影像,经过相对辐射定标后可以结合使用于农作物长势监测中;②利用PROSAIL模型反演时序LA,可用于地块尺度的农作物长势精细监测。 相似文献
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BackgroundWheat is one of the most important crops cultivated all over the world. New high-yielding cultivars that are more resistant to fungal diseases have been permanently developed. The present study aimed at the possibility of accelerating the process of breeding new cultivars, resistant to eyespot, by using doubled haploids (DH) system supported by marker-assisted selection.ResultsTwo highly resistant breeding lines (KBP 0916 and KBH 4942/05) carrying Pch1 gene were crossed with the elite wheat genotypes. Hybrid plants of early generations were analyzed using endopeptidase EpD1 and two SSR markers linked to the Pch1 locus. Selected homozygous and heterozygous genotypes for the Pch1-linked EpD1b allele were used to produce haploid plants. Molecular analyses were performed on haploids to identify plants possessing Pch1 gene. Chromosome doubling was performed only on haploid plants with Pch1 gene. Finally, 65 DH lines carrying eyespot resistance gene Pch1 and 30 lines without this gene were chosen for the eyespot resistance phenotyping in a field experiment.ConclusionsResults of the experiment confirmed higher resistance to eyespot of the genotypes with Pch1 in comparison to those without this gene. This indicates the efficiency of selection at the haploid level.How to cite: Wiśniewska H, Majka M, Kwiatek M, et al. Production of wheat doubled haploids resistant to eyespot supported by marker-assisted selection. Electron J Biotechnol 2019;37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejbt.2018.10.003 相似文献
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本研究基于各国的技术需求评估报告和合作专利分类系统,开展了“一带一路”共建国家气候变化技术需求的特征评估。研究发现,66个“一带一路”共建国家共提及了726项气候技术需求,其中减缓262项、适应464项。可再生能源发电是减缓的优先需求,农林牧副渔生产中的适应技术是适应的优先需求。但是,不同区域的减缓技术需求呈现异质性,适应技术需求呈现共性。非洲地区的优先减缓需求是可再生能源发电、非化石燃料技术和土地部门的减缓技术,亚洲地区为可再生能源发电和具有减缓潜力的燃烧技术,拉丁美洲和大洋洲为道路交通部门的减缓技术。为促进中国向“一带一路”区域的气候技术转移与南南合作,我国提供的重点技术应与各国的重点需求相匹配、提升技术信息的透明性并强化需求与方案的国别研究。 相似文献
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文章报道了13种蜘蛛抱蛋属植物的染色体核型，并对属内核型进化规律作了总结。作者认为随体染色体和第1对染色体可以作为本属核型的特征染色体。染色体数目变异与花部式样密切相关。本属植物原始的染色体基数为x=19。此外，对非整倍性变异的主要机制也进行了讨论。 相似文献
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中国绞股蓝属(葫芦科)的研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
The genus Gynostemma B1. consists of 13 species and 2 varieties in the whole world,
among which 11 species and 2 varieties occur in China. They are distributed in S. Shaanxi
and the southern part of the Yangtze River (including Taiwan province) in China and also
in Korea, Japan, Sri Lanka, India and Malesia. Based on the characters and dehiscence of fruit, the genus Gynostemma B1. may be divided into two subgenera, i.e. Subgen. I. Gynostemma and Subgen. II. Trirostllum (Z. P. Wang et Q. Z. Xie) C. Y. Wu ct S. K. Chen,
comb. nov.
1. Subgenus Gynostemma. The fruits are baccate, globose, 3-umbonate and incorni
culate on the apical side, indehiscent when mature. The style apex in female flower is bifid.
Type of subgenus: Gynostemma pentaphyllum (Thunb.) Mak.
This subgenus contains 8 species and 2 varieties in the world, among which 6 speci-
es and 2 varieties occur in China, i.e.1.G. simplicifolium B1. (Yunnan, Hainan of Guang-
dong); 2. G. laxum (Wall.) Cogn. (S. Yunnan, Hainan of Guangdong and Guangxi); 3.
G. burmanicum King ex Chakr. (Yunnan), 3a. G. burmanicum var. molle C. Y. Wu (Yun-
nan); 4. G. pentaphyllum (Thunb.) Mak. (S. Shaanxi and the soutern area of the Yangtze
River of China), 4a. G. pentaphyllum (Thunb.) Mak. var. dasycarpum C. V. Wu (Yun-
nan); 5. G. pubescens (Gagnep.) C. Y. Wu, st. nov. (Yunnan); 6. G. longipes C. Y. Wu,
sp. nov. (endemic to China: Yunnan, Sichuan, Guizhou, Shaanxi and Guangxi).
2. Subgenus Trirostellum (Z. P. Wang et Q. Z. Xie) C. Y. Wu et S. K. Chen, comb.
nov.——Trirostellum Z. P. Wang et Q. Z. Xie in Acta Phytotaxonomia Sinica 19 (4):
483. 1981, syn. nov. The fruit are capsules, subcampanulate, 3-corniculate on the apical side, dehiscent when mature. The style apex in female flower is luniform and irregularly denticulate at margin, rarely bifid.
Type of subgenus: Gynostemma cardiospermum Cogn. ex Oliv. This subgenus comprises 5 species, which are all endemic to China. 1. G. yixingense (Z. P. Wang et Q. Z. Xie) C. Y. Wu et S. K. Chen (Jiangsu and Zhejiang); 2. G. cardio spermum Cogn. ex Oliv. (Hubei, Shaanxi and Sichuan); 3. G. microspermum C. Y. Wu et S. K. Chen (S. Yunnan); 4. G. aggregatum C. Y. Wu et S. K. Chen (NW. Yunnan); 5. G.laxiflorum C. Y. Wu et S. K. Chen (Anhui). 相似文献
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向秋云 《中国科学院研究生院学报》1987,25(2):125-131
Cornus L. s. 1. is a large polytypic genus. The classificantion of which has been
so different that some authors recognize several separate genera, while others treat them as ei-
ther subgenera or sections. New evidence from many disciplines such as palynology, cyto-
logy, wood anatomy and embryology supports the view that the genus should remain in the
broad sense. I basically agree with the treatment by Ferguson (1966b) before my finishing
a comprehensive study on Cornus L. s. 1. except for supporting the separation of subgenus
Afrocrania as an independent genus. A new subgenus Sinocornus Q. Y. Xiang, containing
one species, C. chinensis Wangerin, is established here on account of its inflorescence axillary
and different from the other members of the genus which all have terminal inflorescences only.
The inflorescence developed from a terminal bud implicates the sympodial nature of axis of
stem and the one from an axillary bud the monopodial one. It is reasonable to regard the
character as of subgeneric value. Also a new combination, Cornus subgen. Syncarpea (Na-
kai) Q. Y. Xiang, is proposed here as a substitute for Cornus subgen. Benthamia (C. B. Clar-
ke) Schneider used for a long time. Because the valid publication of the former name subgen.
Syncarpea Nakai is earlier than the latter one. The types of inflorescences of 8 subgenera re-
presented by type or selected species are illustrated. 相似文献
19.
The classical and numerical taxonomy, palynology and the geographical dis-
tribution of the Genus Schizopepon are dealt with in the present paper. Having comme-
nted on various opinions regarding the systematic position of the genus, the present au-
thors consider that C. Jeffrey’s treatment of Schizopepon as a new and monogeneric tri-
be, Schizopeponeae, should be supported.
The gross morphological characters in the genus are assessed from the taxonomic
point of view. Some characters, such as stamens with an elongated connective or not,
different insertions of ovules and various forms of ovaries and fruits, may be used for
distinguishing subgenera.
The pollen grains of all the species were observed under light microscope (LM) and
scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results show that a strong differentiation
has taken place in the pollen of the genus, and in consequence it may be regarded as an
important basis for dividing subgenera and species. Especially it should be pointed out
that degrees of development of colpi and positions of ora are positively correlated with
the external characters used for distinguishing subgenera.
According to the morphological and palynological characters, the genus Schizopepon
may be divided into three subgenera and eight species: 1. Subgenus Schizopepon: 5 spe-
cies, S. bryoniaefolius Maxim., S. monoicus A. M. Lu et Z. Y. Zhang, S. dioicus Cogn.,
S. longipes Gagnep. and S. macranthus Hand.-Mazz.; 2. Subgenus Rhynchocarpos A. M.
Lu et Z. Y. Zhang: 1 species, S. bomiensis A. M. Lu et Z. Y. Zhang; 3. Subgenus Neoschi-
zopepon A. M. Lu et Z. Y. Zhang: 2 species, S. bicirrhosus (C. B. Clarke) C. Jeffrey
and S. xizangensis A. M. Lu et Z. Y. Zhang.
The 8 OTU’s including all the species of this genus and 31 characters, of which 16 are morphological characters and 15 palynological characters, were used in the numerical taxonomic treatment. After standardization of characters, the correlation and distance matrices were computed. The correlation matrices are made to test the various clustering methods. At last, the UPGMA clustering method was selected and its result
is shown in the form of phenogram. The result of numerical analysis is similar to that of the classical classification.
Schizopepon Maxim. is a genus of East Asia-Himalayan distribution. China has all 8 species and 2 varieties, of which 6 species are endemic. Based on the statistics of spedies number, the distribution centre of the genus is considered to be in the Hengduan Mountains (Yangtze-Mekong-Salwin water divides) and the adjacent areas of the southwest China. 相似文献
20.
This paper reports two new species of Morina L.from western China, namely
M.bracteata C. Y. Cheng et H.B.Chen and M.lorifolia C.Y. Cheng et H. B.Chen. 相似文献