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曹智 《宁德师专学报(自然科学版)》2013,25(1)
以地菍的茎作为外植体,研究了离体培养再生植株.试验结果表明:在配方为MS46-BA 1.5 mg/IA+NAA 1.0mg/L固体培养基中诱导不定芽,诱导率高达76.6％;继代增殖用MS+6-BA0.25mg/L+NAA 1.0mg/I较为理想,增殖系数为8.8,而生根培养基为MS+6-BA0.25mg/L+NAA 1.0mg/L生根效果较好. 相似文献
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樱桃番茄的组织培养与快速繁殖研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以樱桃番茄新品种“圣女”和“金珠”的叶片、茎段和幼芽为外植体进行试管培养 ,结果表明 :叶片、茎段和幼芽均可诱导形成愈伤组织 ,愈伤组织可分化出芽丛 ,腋芽可直接萌生 ,不定芽可诱导生根成完整植株 .经试验筛选出各培养阶段的最适培养基为 :(1)愈伤组织诱导 :叶片以MS Kt4mgL IAA8mgL为最佳 ;茎段和幼芽以MS NAA0 1mgL 6 -BA1 5mgL为最佳 ;(2 )愈伤组织芽的分化 :MS IAA0 2mgL 6 -BA2mgL ;(3)腋芽萌生 :MS 6 -BA2 5mgL IBA0 1mgL ;(4)生根 :无激素的Ms或Mso . 相似文献
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点地梅丛生芽技术研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以点地梅幼苗为外植体进行快速繁殖,分别诱导、分化、生根形成再生植株进行快速繁殖,并移栽成活.结果表明,在MS+6-BA(3mgL)+NAA(0.5mg/L)培养基上诱导丛生芽效果最佳.在MS+NAA(0.4mg/L)培养基中根的诱导率为100%. 相似文献
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非洲菊新品种'紫心红瓣'和'绿心玫红'的组培快繁 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为建立非洲菊新品种‘紫心红瓣’和‘绿心玫红’的组培快繁体系。以非洲菊新品种‘紫心红瓣’和‘绿心玫红’花蕾为外植体,研究了不同激素水平对花蕾愈伤组织诱导及植株再生的影响。结果表明,诱导愈伤和芽分化最佳培养基为MS+NAA0.2 mg/L+6-BA2.5 mg/L和MS+NAA0.1 mg/L+6-BA5 mg/L,扩繁培养以MS+NAA0.1 mg/L+6-BA 3 mg/L为宜,最佳生根培养基为1/2 MS+NAA 0.1mg/L。 相似文献
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以丽格海棠叶片为外植体,以MS为基本培养基,通过对比试验研究了不同植物激素对丽格海棠叶片不定芽诱导、增殖与生根的影响.结果表明;在诱导不定芽时,较适宜的培养基为MS+6-BA0.5mg/L+NAA0.2mg/L;不定芽增殖以MS+6-BA0.2mg/L+NAA0.1mg/L+Ad2.0mg/L培养基表现最好;适宜的生根培养基为1/2MS+IBA0.2mg/l. 相似文献
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二色补血草的组织培养与快速繁殖 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
以二色补血草的茎为试材,采用MS和LS两种基本培养基,组配不同浓度的植物生长激素,诱导植株再生。本文探讨了培养基和激素对诱导愈伤组织和不定芽的影响,找出了较适宜茎诱导植株再生的基本培养基为MS。最佳生长激素6-BA浓度为0.3～0.6mg/L。初步建立了二色补血草的茎诱导一次成芽培养基为MS+6-BA0.3～0.6mg/L+NAA0.05mg/L+Augar30g/L;对诱导再生植株生根的几种激素也进行了研究。结果显示:最佳生根激素为IAA,其适宜浓度为0.2mg/L。生根培养基为1/2MS〕IAA0.2mg/L+Sugar20g/L。 相似文献
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中药王不留行的组织培养技术初探 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
选取王不留行饱满种子培养无菌苗,用无菌苗的茎和叶作为外植体,分别接种MS基本培养基外加激素NAA和6-BA诱导愈伤组织和不定芽,使用1/2MS培养基,附加IBA或NAA进行不定芽的生根实验,最后炼苗和移栽.实验结果表明王不留行的最优组织培养方案:种子用0.1%升汞消毒8m in,无菌湿脱脂棉催芽,茎和叶作为外植体,使用MS 0.1mg/L NAA 0.1mg/L 6-BA诱导愈伤组织和不定芽,1/2MS 0.15mg/L NAA诱导植株生根. 相似文献
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为研究朱顶红丛芽诱导快速繁殖技术,以朱顶红鳞茎切块为外植体,对影响鳞茎芽增殖、继代及生根进行了研究,建立了其再生体系。结果表明,MS+NAA0.5mg/L+6-BA4.0 mg/L+2,4-D 2.0 mg/L培养基是最佳芽增殖培养基,MS+NAA0.5 mg/L+6-BA2.0 mg/L+活性碳1 g/L是最佳继代培养基,MS+6-BA1.0 mg/L+NAA0.3 mg/L+活性碳1 g/L是最佳生根培养基。 相似文献
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樱桃番茄"情人果"离体再生体系的建立 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以樱桃番茄“情人果”的无菌苗茎段为材料,研究了不同激素处理对其不定芽诱导以及芽苗生根的影响,结果表明:(1)不定芽诱导的最适培养基配方为MS 6-BA0.5mg/L;(2)芽苗生根的最适培养基配方为:MS NAA0.05 mg/L。 相似文献
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植物金属硫蛋白在植物体内转运重金属并解除其毒性;转运必需微量金属作为金属供体,调节微量必需金属的体内稳态或金属库;还参与植物的多种胁迫抗性的形成和活性氧清除,对调节植物胞内氧化还原状态起到信号的作用;植物金属硫蛋白还受植物激素的调控,在植物的形态构建中发挥重要作用.因此植物金属硫蛋白是植物抗逆过程中的重要信号,具有重要的生理功能. 相似文献
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对目前杀菌植物提取液的活性成分,不同提取方法提取液的抑菌活性及作用机理进行了概述,并对抑菌植物开发前景进行了展望. 相似文献
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Dennis W. C. Liu 《CBE life sciences education》2014,13(3):363-368
Plants are a huge and diverse group of organisms ranging from microscopic marine phytoplankton to enormous terrestrial trees. Stunning, and yet some of us take plants for granted. In this plant issue of LSE, WWW.Life Sciences Education focuses on a botanical topic that most people, even biologists, do not think about—plant behavior.Plants are a huge and diverse group of organisms (Figure 1), ranging from microscopic marine phytoplankton (see http://oceandatacenter.ucsc.edu/PhytoGallery/phytolist.html for beautiful images of many species) to enormous terrestrial trees epitomized by the giant sequoia: 300 feet tall, living 3000 years, and weighing as much as 3000 tons (visit the Arkive website, www.arkive.org/giant-sequoia/sequoiadendron-giganteum, for photos and basic information). Stunning, and yet some of us take plants for granted, like a side salad. We may see plants as a focal point during the blooming season or as a nice backdrop for all the interesting things animals do. For this plant issue of CBE—Life Sciences Education, I am going to focus on a botanical topic that most people, even biologists, do not think about—plant behavior.Open in a separate windowFigure 1.Plants are very diverse, ranging in size from microscopic plankton (left, courtesy of University of California–Santa Cruz Ocean Data Center) to the biggest organisms on our planet (right, courtesy Arkive.org).Before digging into plant behavior, let us define what a plant is. All plants evolved from the eukaryotic cell that acquired a photosynthetic cyanobacterium as an endosymbiont ∼1.6 billion years ago. This event gave the lineage its defining trait of being a eukaryote that can directly harvest sunlight for energy. The cyanobacteria had been photosynthesizing on their own for a long time already, but this new “plant cell” gave rise to a huge and diverse line of unicellular and multicellular species. Genome sequences have shed light on the birth and evolution of plants, and John Bowman and colleagues published an excellent review titled “Green Genes” several years ago in Cell (www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0092867407004618#;
Bowman et al., 2007 ). The article has concise information on the origin and evolution of plant groups, including helpful graphics (Figure 2). Of course, plants were classified and subdivided long before DNA analysis was possible. The Encyclopedia of Earth (EOE) is a good website for exploring biological diversity and has an article on plants (www.eoearth.org/view/article/155261) that lays out the major plant groups and their characteristics. It states that there are more than 400,000 described species, a fraction of the estimated total number.Open in a separate windowFigure 2.Genomic analysis has illuminated the relationship among the many species of plants, as illustrated in this phylogeny of three major plant groups from Bowman et al. (2007 , p. 129).The venerable Kew Gardens has an excellent website (Figure 3) that includes extensive pages under the tab Science and Conservation (www.kew.org/science-conservation). It is a beautifully organized website for exploring plant diversity and burrowing into the science of plants, and includes an excellent blog. Ever wonder how many different kinds of flowers there are? You can find out by visiting their feature titled, “How Many Flowering Plants Are There in the World?” There is an interesting video feature on coffee, which describes how only two species out of more than a hundred have come to dominate coffee production for drinking. As the monoculture in Ireland led to the potato blight, a lack of genetic diversity in today''s coffee plants is threatening the world''s coffee supply with the onset of climate change. The possibility of life without coffee is a call to action if ever I have heard one.Open in a separate windowFigure 3.Kew Gardens has a large and informative website that should appeal to gardeners and flower lovers, as well as more serious botanists and ecologists.Classification of plants is challenging for students and teachers alike. Perhaps understandable, given that plants constitute an entire kingdom of life. For an overview, have students read the EOE article as well as the Bowman Cell article to appreciate the enormity and diversity of the organisms we call plants. The EOE article is reproduced on the Encyclopedia of Life website (http://eol.org/info/449), an excellent context for further exploration of diverse plant species. As we probe the topic of plant behavior, the examples will be drawn from the vascular plants that include the many familiar plants commonly called trees, shrubs, flowers, vegetables, and weeds.Plants do respond to changes in their environment, but is it fruitful or scientifically valid to say that they have behavior? They lack muscles and nerves, do not have mouths or digestive systems, and are often literally rooted in place. A growing number of plant biologists have embraced the term behavior, as demonstrated by the journal devoted to the subject, Plant Behavior. Their resources page (www.plantbehavior.org/resources.html) is a good place to get oriented to the field.As in so many things, Darwin anticipated important questions concerning the movement of plants, despite the difficulties in observing plant behavior, and in 1880 he published The Power of Movement in Plants. The Darwin Correspondence Project website has a good treatment of Darwin''s work on plants, with interesting anecdotes relating to how he collaborated with his son Francis on this work late in his career (www.darwinproject.ac.uk/power-of-movement-in-plants). You can download Chapter 9 of the book and some of the correspondence between Darwin and his son. The entire book is available at http://darwin-online.org.uk/content/frameset?itemID=F1325&viewtype=text&pageseq=1, or in various e-reader formats at the Project Gutenberg website (http://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/5605). The PBS NOVA website, has a feature covering several of Darwin''s “predictions,” including one in which he noted the importance of plant and animal interactions. He famously predicted that a Madagascar orchid (Angraecum sesquipedale), which has a long narrow passage to its nectar stash, must have a long-tongued pollinator. In 1903, biologists identified the giant hawkmoth, with a 12-inch-long proboscis, as the pollinator predicted by Darwin (www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/id/pred-nf.html).Darwin recognized that plants mostly do things on a timescale that is hard for us to observe, so he devised clever ways to record their movements. Placing a plant behind a pane of glass, he marked the plant''s position on the glass over time using a stationary reference grid placed behind the plant. Darwin transferred the drawing to a sheet of paper before cleaning the glass for the next experiment (Figure 4). By varying the distance between the plant, the reference points, and the glass, he magnified apparent distances to detect even small plant movements over periods as short as minutes. High-definition time-lapse photography and other modern techniques have extended Darwin''s observations in some compelling directions.Open in a separate windowFigure 4.One of Darwin''s drawings that can be found on the Darwin Correspondence Project Web pages devoted to his book The Power of Movement in Plants. For this figure, the position of the cotyledons of a Brassica was marked on a glass plate about every 30 min over a period of more than 10 h.A recent episode of the PBS Nature series, “What Plants Talk About,” epitomizes the increased interest in plant behavior and, unfortunately, some of the hyperbole associated with the field. The time-lapse video sequences and associated science are fascinating, and the entire program can be viewed on the PBS website at http://video.pbs.org/video/2338524490. The home page for the program (Figure 5; www.pbs.org/wnet/nature/episodes/what-plants-talk-about/introduction/8228) has two short video clips that are interesting. The video titled “Dodder Vine Sniffs Out Its Prey” is nicely filmed and features some interesting experiments involving plant signaling. It might be instructive to ask students to respond to the vocabulary used in the narration, which unfortunately tries to impart intent and mindfulness to the plant''s activities, and to make sensible experimental results somehow seem shocking. The “Plant Self-Defense” video is a compelling “poison pill” story that needs no narrative embellishment. A plant responds to caterpillars feeding on it by producing a substance that tags them for increased attention from predators. Increased predation reduces the number of caterpillars feeding on the plants. The story offers a remarkable series of complex interactions and evolutionary adaptations. Another documentary, In the Mind of Plants (www.youtube.com/watch?v=HU859ziUoPc), was originally produced in French. Perhaps some experimental interpretations were mangled in translation, but the camera work is consistently excellent.Open in a separate windowFigure 5.The Nature pages of the PBS website have video clips and a short article, as well as the entire hour-long program “What Plants Talk About.” The program features fantastic camera work and solid science, but some questionable narration.Skepticism is part and parcel of scientific thinking, but particular caution may be warranted in the field of plant behavior because of the 1970s book and documentary called The Secret Life of Plants (www.youtube.com/watch?v=sGl4btrsiHk). The Secret Life of Plants was a sensation at the time and was largely responsible for the persistent myths that talking to your plants makes them healthier, that plants have auras, and that plants grow better when played classical music rather than rock. While the program woke people up to the notion that plants indeed do fascinating things, the conclusions based on bad science or no science at all were in the end more destructive than helpful to this aspect of plant science. Michael Pollan, author of The Botany of Desire and other excellent plant books, addresses some of the controversy that dogs the field of plant behavior in an interview on the public radio program Science Friday (http://sciencefriday.com/segment/01/03/2014/can-plants-think.html). His article “The Intelligent Plant” in the New Yorker (www.newyorker.com/reporting/2013/12/23/131223fa_fact_pollan?currentPage=all), covers similar ground.The excellently understated Plants in Motion website (http://plantsinmotion.bio.indiana.edu/plantmotion) is a welcome antidote to some of the filmic excesses. The site features dozens of low-definition, time-lapse videos of plants moving, accompanied by straightforward explanations of the experimental conditions and some background on the plants. The lack of narration conveys a refreshing cinema verité quality, and you can choose your own music to play while you watch. Highlights include corn shoots growing toward a light bulb, the rapid response of a mimosa plant to a flame, vines twining, and pumpkins plumping at night. You may have driven past a field of sunflowers and heard the remark that the heads follow the sun, but that is a partial truth. The young buds of the early plants do track the sun, but once they bloom, the tall plants stiffen and every head in the field permanently faces … east! The creators of Plants in Motion curated an exhibit at the Chicago Botanic Gardens called sLowlife (Figure 6). The accompanying video and “essay” (http://plantsinmotion.bio.indiana.edu/usbg/toc.htm) are excellent, featuring many interesting aspects of plant biology.Open in a separate windowFigure 6.sLowlife is an evocative multimedia essay designed to accompany an exhibit installed at the Chicago Botanic Gardens. It features text and video that reveal interesting aspects of plant biology.High-definition time-lapse photography is far from the only tool available to reveal hard-to-observe activities of plants. Greg Asner and colleagues at the Carnegie Airborne Observatory are using informatics to study the dynamic lives of plants at the community ecology level. The Airborne Observatory uses several impressive computer- and laser-enabled techniques (http://cao.stanford.edu/?page=cao_systems) to scan the landscape at the resolution of single leaves on trees and in modalities that can yield information at the molecular level. These techniques can yield insights into how forests respond to heat or water stress or the introduction of a new species. The site has a gallery of projects that are best started at this page: http://cao.stanford.edu/?page=research&pag=5. Here, they are documenting the effect of the Amazon megadrought on the rain forest. The very simple navigation at the top right consists of 15 numbered squares for the different projects. Each project is worth paging through to understand how versatile these aerial-mapping techniques are. They also have six buttons of video pages (http://cao.stanford.edu/?page=videos) that give you a feel for what it might be like to be in the air while collecting the data (Figure 7).Open in a separate windowFigure 7.The Carnegie Airborne Observatory is a flying lab that can collect real-time aerial data on forests at resolutions smaller than a single leaf on a tree.If this Feature seems to have been too conservative about whether plants have behavior, visit the LINV blog (www.linv.org/blog/category/plant-behavior) of the International Laboratory for Plant Neurobiology. The term “plant neurobiology” may be going too far, but the website presents some interesting science. Another fascinating dimension of plant “behavior” is seed dispersal, from seeds that can burrow, to seeds that “fly,” to seeds that are shot like bullets. A couple of websites have some good information and photos of the myriad designs that have evolved to take advantage of air currents for seed dispersal; see http://waynesword.palomar.edu/plfeb99.htm and http://theseedsite.co.uk/sdwind.html. The previously mentioned PBS Nature series also produced a program on seeds, “The Seedy Side of Plants,” which you can view at www.pbs.org/wnet/nature/episodes/the-seedy-side-of-plants/introduction/1268. ChloroFilms, a worldwide competition for plant videos, is now in its fourth season, with some really good videos (www.chlorofilms.org). If you love plants, work with plants, or have insights into plant biology, you should consider submitting a video! 相似文献
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企业设备管理浅析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
谭敏 《合肥联合大学学报》1999,(3)
简述了设备管理的历史,分析了国内外设备管理的现状及发展趋势,介绍了国内外企业设备维修与更新的状况。 相似文献
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汪本勤 《安徽教育学院学报》2008,26(3)
为适应新形势下高职高专教学发展的需要,更好实现培养目标及专业目标,在课程考核方法上进行了改革的试点.本文分析了植物及植物生理学与专业培养目标及职业能力的关系、旧的考核模式的弊端及局限性,提出了新的考核评价体系,以及为适应新的考核评价体系在教学手段、教学方式和方法、实践教学方面所进行的相应改革,也展示了改革所取得的初步成效. 相似文献
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植物次生物质在植物防御中的作用 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
植物次生物质是植物对环境的一种适应，是在长期进化过程中植物与生物和非生物因素相互作用的结果。章阐述了植物次生物质在对环境胁迫的适应、植物与植物之间的相互竞争和协同进化、植物对昆虫的危害、草食性动物的采食及病原微生物的侵袭等过程的防御作用及其机制。 相似文献