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1.
This article examines the key global, environmental and policy factors that act as determinants of e-commerce diffusion. It is based on systematic comparison of case studies from 10 countries--Brazil, China, Denmark, France, Germany, Mexico, Japan, Singapore, Taiwan, and the United States. It finds that B2B e-commerce seems to be driven by global forces, whereas B2C seems to be more of a local phenomenon. A preliminary explanation for this difference is that B2B is driven by global competition and MNCs that "push" e-commerce to their global suppliers, customers, and subsidiaries. This in turn creates pressures on local companies to adopt e-commerce to stay competitive. In contrast, B2C is "pulled" by consumer markets, which are mainly local and therefore divergent. While all consumers desire convenience and low prices, consumer preferences and values, national culture, and distribution systems differ markedly across countries and define differences in local consumer markets. These findings support the transformation perspective about globalization and its impacts. In terms of policy, the case studies suggest that enabling policies such as trade and telecommunications liberalization are likely to have the biggest impact on e-commerce, by making ICT and Internet access more affordable to firms and consumers, and increasing pressure on firms to adopt e-commerce to compete. Specific e-commerce legislation appears not to have as big an impact, although inadequate protection for both buyers and sellers in some countries suggests that mechanisms need to be developed to ensure greater confidence in doing business online. 相似文献
2.
Poh-Kam Wong 《The Information Society》2013,29(1):19-32
This article provides a broad overview of the likely global/regional contextual factors and unique national characteristics that influence e-commerce diffusion in Singapore. Our analysis suggests that Singapore is likely to be a very fast adopter of e-commerce applications that have relatively proven business models in other advanced countries. In particular, advanced manufacturing clusters in Singapore with strong global supply chain links to advanced countries (especially electronics), logistics and transportation services, and other global market-oriented, business-to-business (B2B) industries are likely to be the most aggressive in adopting e-commerce applications. In contrast, we predict that Singapore will be less likely to innovate new e-commerce technologies or pioneer revolutionary e-commerce applications with radical global impacts, due to the small local market and the inadequate development of an information and communications technologies (ICT) entrepreneurial community with extensive network links to Silicon Valley and other entrepreneurial hot spots. Singapore is also unlikely to be a leader in large-scale business-to-consumer (B2C) e-commerce applications and mass consumer contents publishing. Our review of government policy initiatives to promote e-commerce suggests that although they are by and large in the right direction, they are unlikely to have significant impact until proven e-commerce models have emerged and competitive pressure start to be felt by companies. A possible exception is "e-government" applications. In contrast, we identify a number of areas where government policy initiatives have been a bit slow, notably in liberalizing the telecommunications services sector and in promoting technology entrepreneurship. Our review of the available empirical evidence on recent e-commerce diffusion trend and pattern in Singapore appears to be consistent with this analysis. 相似文献
3.
Poh-Kam Wong 《The Information Society》2003,19(1):19-32
This article provides a broad overview of the likely global/regional contextual factors and unique national characteristics that influence e-commerce diffusion in Singapore. Our analysis suggests that Singapore is likely to be a very fast adopter of e-commerce applications that have relatively proven business models in other advanced countries. In particular, advanced manufacturing clusters in Singapore with strong global supply chain links to advanced countries (especially electronics), logistics and transportation services, and other global market-oriented, business-to-business (B2B) industries are likely to be the most aggressive in adopting e-commerce applications. In contrast, we predict that Singapore will be less likely to innovate new e-commerce technologies or pioneer revolutionary e-commerce applications with radical global impacts, due to the small local market and the inadequate development of an information and communications technologies (ICT) entrepreneurial community with extensive network links to Silicon Valley and other entrepreneurial hot spots. Singapore is also unlikely to be a leader in large-scale business-to-consumer (B2C) e-commerce applications and mass consumer contents publishing. Our review of government policy initiatives to promote e-commerce suggests that although they are by and large in the right direction, they are unlikely to have significant impact until proven e-commerce models have emerged and competitive pressure start to be felt by companies. A possible exception is "e-government" applications. In contrast, we identify a number of areas where government policy initiatives have been a bit slow, notably in liberalizing the telecommunications services sector and in promoting technology entrepreneurship. Our review of the available empirical evidence on recent e-commerce diffusion trend and pattern in Singapore appears to be consistent with this analysis. 相似文献
4.
Daniel J. Paré 《The Information Society》2013,29(2):123-134
The potential of public Internet-based B2B (business-to-business) e-commerce applications to facilitate access to global markets and to reduce market entry barriers is a dominant theme in the burgeoning literature on e-commerce and international development. It is often assumed that these applications will enable producer firms in developing countries to benefit from reductions in the transaction costs they must incur to participate in international trade. Drawing on data from a detailed analysis of 117 B2B e-hubs in the garments/apparel and agriculture/horticulture sectors, it is argued in this article that the kinds of transaction-related support services available at these online trading platforms are more limited in their scope and functionality than is often assumed in the literature on B2B e-commerce development. The findings suggest that the mere application of, and access to, technologies such as the public Internet and the World Wide Web is not likely to enable a reduction in overall transaction costs that is sufficient to facilitate entry into new global markets by developing country producer firms. 相似文献
5.
Daniel J. Par 《The Information Society》2003,19(2):123-134
The potential of public Internet-based B2B (business-to-business) e-commerce applications to facilitate access to global markets and to reduce market entry barriers is a dominant theme in the burgeoning literature on e-commerce and international development. It is often assumed that these applications will enable producer firms in developing countries to benefit from reductions in the transaction costs they must incur to participate in international trade. Drawing on data from a detailed analysis of 117 B2B e-hubs in the garments/apparel and agriculture/horticulture sectors, it is argued in this article that the kinds of transaction-related support services available at these online trading platforms are more limited in their scope and functionality than is often assumed in the literature on B2B e-commerce development. The findings suggest that the mere application of, and access to, technologies such as the public Internet and the World Wide Web is not likely to enable a reduction in overall transaction costs that is sufficient to facilitate entry into new global markets by developing country producer firms. 相似文献
6.
This article develops and tests a model examining the relationship between firm globalization, scope of e-commerce use, and firm performance, using data from a large-scale cross-country survey of firms from three industries. We find that globalization leads to both greater scope of e-commerce use and improved performance, measured as efficiency, coordination, and market impacts. Scope of e-commerce use also leads to greater firm performance of all three types. Globalization has differential effects on B2B and B2C e-commerce, however, such that highly global firms are more likely to do B2B but less likely to do B2C. Our findings provide support for Porter's (1986) thesis that upstream business activities (namely, B2B) are more global while downstream business activities (B2C) are more local or multidomestic. 相似文献
7.
用户在线消费评论是电子商务平台客户评论系统的核心内容之一,也是潜在消费者网络购买决策的重要依据。本文运用内容分析和对应分析法对B2C电子商务平台用户评级和用户评论内容进行比较研究。结果表明,不同网站用户评论存在显著差异,用户评论受商品类别的影响和中美网站用户评论存在文化差异。研究结论对完善平台用户评论管理和营销管理具有重要的理论和实践价值。 相似文献
8.
This article develops and tests a model examining the relationship between firm globalization, scope of e-commerce use, and firm performance, using data from a large-scale cross-country survey of firms from three industries. We find that globalization leads to both greater scope of e-commerce use and improved performance, measured as efficiency, coordination, and market impacts. Scope of e-commerce use also leads to greater firm performance of all three types. Globalization has differential effects on B2B and B2C e-commerce, however, such that highly global firms are more likely to do B2B but less likely to do B2C. Our findings provide support for Porter's (1986) thesis that upstream business activities (namely, B2B) are more global while downstream business activities (B2C) are more local or multidomestic. 相似文献
9.
The rise of social media has created a new e-commerce platform called social commerce. In social commerce, e-vendors such as Amazon may integrate social media with their traditional e-commerce sites. Based on self-determination theory and social commerce literature, we develop a model illustrating how social commerce features may impact consumer behaviors and facilitate social commerce benefits from the extrinsic motivation perspective. We identify four types of extrinsic motivation including external motivation, introjected motivation, identified motivation, and integrated motivation; and we examine their influences on consumers’ intention to contribute social commerce information, which in turn leads to their subsequent behaviors and increases the perceived benefit of social commerce. We also consider the moderating effect of gender in the formulation of social commerce benefits. Based on longitudinal survey data from Amazon consumers, we find that 1) consumers’ external and identified motivation has a positive impact on intention to contribute social commerce information; 2) consumers’ intention is positively associated with their future behaviors, which in turn facilitate their perceptions of social commerce benefits; and 3) gender moderates the impact of behavior on social commerce benefits. 相似文献
10.
当前越来越多的国际贸易协定制约了东道国政府贸易政策的使用。相对而言，约束东道国政府FDI政策使用的国际协议较少。本文通过对国内公司、跨国公司及东道国政府三者之间的博弈模型分析表明：即使东道国政府在可自由设置其贸易政策（或FDI政策），而另一种FDI政策（或贸易政策）受到制约的情况下，其均衡政策也不会扭曲跨国公司进入模式；而且在给定的自由贸易政策约束下，东道国的FDI政策主要起到一种分配作用，即通过这种FDI政策可使得东道国政府从外国投资者身上获得额外租金。 相似文献
11.
从在线消费者网络,基于消费者网络的产品扩散、电商变革等方面对在线消费者网络驱动下的产品扩散研究进行述评。认为未来研究应关注消费者网络产品扩散的影响因素,新兴模式及中国情境下的消费者行为,消费者网络行为涌现及供应链协调,以及考虑消费者网络效应下的平台间竞争问题。 相似文献
12.
基于社会交换理论、动机拥挤理论和信息不对称理论,以体验型商品为例构建了消费者在线评价参与意愿影响因素理论模型.针对B2C和C2C分别收集了203份和202份有效问卷,构建结构方程模型对理论模型进行检验,并对比和探讨了二者之间的差异.结果表明:①在两种电子商务类型中,帮助其他消费者的愉悦感、网站服务均与体验型商品的消费者在线评价参与意愿正相关,而影响商家的愉悦感、自我提升、经济回报、认知成本和执行成本对消费者是否参与在线评价无显著影响;②相对于B2C,C2C交易中帮助其他消费者的愉悦感与消费者在线评价参与意愿之间的正向关系更强,而网站服务与消费者在线评价参与意愿之间的正向关系则较弱. 相似文献
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14.
【目的/意义】在线评论在消费者购买决策中的重要性日益凸显,探索电商平台消费者绿色产品在线评论信息采纳的影响因素,为进一步挖掘在线评论的商业价值、促进绿色产品的消费提供参考。【方法/过程】以TAM和ELM为理论基础,结合社会环境因素和消费者个体特质因素,构建电商平台消费者绿色产品在线评论信息采纳意愿的影响因素模型,运用结构方程模型进行实证检验。【结果/结论】结果表明评论质量和社会影响均对感知评论有用性产生正向影响,评论源可信度与感知评论有用性的关系不显著,感知评论有用性和社会影响又对评论采纳意愿产生正向影响,产品卷入度会调节消费者评论有用性的感知,而专业知识未能起到调节作用。 相似文献
15.
参与标准竞争日益成为市场竞争的一个新特征。现有文献对标准竞争在消费者市场影响机理的研究还非常有限。通过实验法探讨了标准竞争如何影响消费者新产品购买行为。研究结果表明:消费者在做购买决策过程中受到不同类型不确定性的影响;标准竞争对购买决策过程产生调节作用,使得消费者更加关注成本等限制性因素,因此成本相关的不确定性对消费者在标准竞争市场上的新产品购买决策具有更强的影响力。 相似文献
16.
Since the early 1990s, Brazilian IT policy has changed substantially from greenhouse protectionism in selected segments of the market to a more liberal regime. This article analyses the impact of liberalization on IT equipment production, diffusion, employment, and foreign trade. There were both benefits and setbacks, depending on the aspect analyzed. Users benefited from greater access to imported equipment, which could eventually contribute to productivity growth in the overall economy.On the negative side, there was a loss of local linkages with internal sources of components, technology, and employment. The article concludes that the future of the Brazilian IT industry does not seem to be in commodity hardware production. Rather, it lies in design- and engineering-intensive applications. Such "production close to use" can spur domestic use as well as create business opportunities for domestically owned companies in markets not dominated by foreign multinationals. 相似文献
17.
本文构建了一个关于专业市场经营户选择线下与线上渠道的策略模型,并利用义乌小商品市场的调查问卷进行了实证分析。研究发现,替代效应、恢复速率、政策扶持、生产规模、市场交易效率、经济集聚效应等是影响经营户策略选择的重要因素,并且都显著促进了经营户的市场绩效,最终线下与线上融合的双渠道模式成为经营户的最优选择;而且,晚加入线上渠道的经营户会比早加入线上渠道的经营户面临更高的机会成本,前者主要通过经济规模效应和经济集聚效应来提升自身的市场绩效,而后者通过改善恢复速率和市场交易效率来提高自身的市场绩效。 相似文献
18.
Consumer distrust is only recently beginning to be perceived as an important e-commerce issue and, unlike online trust, the nature and role of distrust is much less established. This study examines the influence of two important consumer characteristics (ethical ideology and risk aversion) on consumer’s ethically-based distrust of online retailers. Also, the moderating role of consumer’s need for personal contact with sales staff is tested. Results from 409 online consumers confirm that both relativist-based ethical ideology and risk aversion are strongly and positively related to consumers’ distrust. Interestingly, our findings show that positive effects of relativism and risk aversion on consumer’s distrust are moderated by consumers’ need for personal interaction, which is more pronounced for those consumers with a high need for personal interaction with retail salespeople. 相似文献
19.
Increasing numbers of consumers who engage in the development of new products are selling their innovations on online marketplaces. We contribute to the scarce research on the commercialization activities of consumer innovators by comparing the consumers’ price decisions with the pricing of firms. Our predictions build on the baseline assumption that the price decisions of consumers are influenced by the same motivations that originally prompt them to innovate. We use a sequential mixed-method approach with a quantitative main study and follow-up qualitative research. The quantitative results draw on a matched-pair analysis of 4,242 computer games released on the online game platform Steam. We find that consumer innovators charge lower prices than firms for comparable games and that consumers and firms show different inclinations in aligning prices with the games’ development costs and perceived quality. The subsequent interview study with 29 hobbyist game developers provides clear support for the motivational explanations of consumers’ pricing decisions. The findings contribute to research on consumer innovation marketing and nascent entrepreneurship. They also improve the understanding of welfare effects resulting from increasing commercial activities of consumers. 相似文献
20.
《International Journal of Information Management》2017,37(3):179-189
Social commerce mediated by social media and social network platforms has led to the development of new business models in e-commerce and digitized the consumer decision journey. Social interaction is considered as a prerequisite for successful social commerce since consumers now expect an interactive and social experience while making purchase decisions. Drawing on word of mouth (WOM) and observational learning theories, we conceptualize social interactions in social commerce environments into two forms: WOM communication and observing other consumers’ purchases, and examine their impact on consumer purchase intention and actual purchase behavior. Analyzing primary data (n = 217) collected from surveyed active consumers within social commerce sites at two stages (pre-purchase and post-purchase), we found that positive and negative valence WOM, WOM content, and observing other consumers’ purchases significantly affect consumers’ intention to buy a product, thereby increasing the likelihood of actual buying and sharing product information with others on social commerce sites. 相似文献