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1.
Ethnic identity, information about the world of work, and mastery in specific career skills crucially impact the process of career development among minority adolescents. Identity and conflict management skills also affect one of the major stressors experienced by employees today: the work-family conflict. This paper presents a culturally appropriate career intervention program for increasing Israeli Arab adolescents’ self-efficacy to manage work and family roles, and feedback from 15 participants in a preliminary pilot intervention. The program comprised three units: identity exploration, information, and skill transfer. The intervention was grounded in the career development literature on minorities, on work-family conflict research, and on social cognitive career theory. The proposed strategy also included process variables comprising critical career intervention components. The program is seen as having potential for being implemented in other cultural contexts. 相似文献
2.
David Haber 《Educational gerontology》2013,39(3):251-257
If training programs with older participants can be implemented and evaluated through Title IV‐A of the Older Americans Act, the gerontological community can compare the relative merits of these types of programs with the more typical ones that train younger adults to serve older persons. An emphasis on older participants may be particularly relevant in the 1980s, when career training for younger adults in the human service occupations appears to be less promising. Older participants are more likely to complete training programs and enter part‐time or volunteer work. Studies have found older participants to be competent trainees, effective workers, and likely candidates to improve self‐esteem. However, much work needs to be done in the area of program evaluation. The Institute of Gerontology at the University of the District of Columbia has developed and implemented three training programs with older participants. Two future objectives of the Institute are to evaluate the programs with more rigorous methodologies and to encourage similar programs to be developed, implemented, and evaluated at ofher institutions of higher education. 相似文献
3.
Marilyn A. Winkleby Judith Ned David Ahn Alana Koehler Jeanne D. Kennedy 《Journal of Science Education and Technology》2009,18(6):535-545
Despite decades of precollege science education programs, African Americans, Latinos, and Native Americans remain critically
underrepresented in science and health professions. This report describes college and career outcomes among graduates of the
Stanford Medical Youth Science Program (SMYSP), a 5-week summer residential program for low-income high school students among
whom 97% have been followed for up to 21 years. Approximately 24 students are selected annually, with participation limited
to low-income students who have faced substantial personal hardships. Undergraduate and medical students provide key program
leadership and training. The curriculum is based on science inquiry education and includes hospital internships, anatomy practicums,
research projects, faculty lectures, college admissions/standardized test preparation, and long-term college and career guidance.
A total of 476 high school students participated between 1988 and 2008, with 61% from underrepresented ethnic minority groups.
Overall, 78% of African American, 81% of Latino, and 82% of Native American participants have earned a 4-year college degree
(among those admitted to college, and excluding those currently attending college). In contrast, among 25–34-year old California
adults, 16% of African Americans, 8% of Latinos, and 10% of Native Americans earn a 4-year college degree. Among SMYSP’s 4-year
college graduates, 47% are attending or have completed medical or graduate school, and 43% are working as or training to become
health professionals. SMYSP offers a model that expands inquiry-based science education beyond the classroom, and recognizes
the role of universities as “high school interventionists” to help diversify health professions. 相似文献
4.
Program evaluation involves a systematic process to collect and convert data into information which is used to improve programs, measure their effects, track quality, act on results, and improve decision making. Beginning in 1992, the LG Group of Korea was involved in an instructional systems development (ISD) training program for its human resource development professionals in cooperation with Indiana University. The LG ISD training program stressed that learning instructional design theories and practices would make LG more effective in global competition. The purposes of the research reported in this article were to evaluate the effectiveness of the ISD training program in terms of transfer of training and to gain information on how to improve future training programs. The findings of the study support the goals that were established for the ISD training program. The program participants are more confident and competent in using the ISD process for analyzing needs for performance improvement and designing and developing quality training products. The article suggests ways of solving barriers to transfer training and evaluation and improving future programs. 相似文献
5.
Alice C. Stewart Jacqueline Williams Karen Smith‐Gratto Sylvia Sloan Black Betty Turner Kane 《Decision Sciences Journal of Innovative Education》2011,9(1):3-26
In this pilot research we examine the impact of two leadership development training programs on the ability of students to acquire knowledge, share knowledge, and apply knowledge for organizational decision making. One program emphasized concepts and case‐based application based on a technical learning paradigm. The other program used a game‐based computer simulation, Virtual Leader, grounded in an experiential or situated learning paradigm. After training, students from both programs engaged in a complex in‐basket exercise to examine the quality of their leadership and managerial abilities. In this exercise, participants from each training intervention worked with their trained cohort to accomplish a day of managerial work. Participants were observed and their individual and collective actions and decisions on behalf of the organization were evaluated. Using qualitative research we compared the organizational decisions associated with each group to determine which pedagogical technique resulted in the most effective application of student learning. While technical learning pedagogy was associated with greater information acquisition, the game‐based computer simulation (an experiential, social‐interaction oriented pedagogy) was associated with better decision quality and more shared cognition. Evidence suggests that students taught with the game‐based computer simulation collectively demonstrated a greater ability to apply what they learned. 相似文献
6.
We describe a unique Research Experience for Undergraduates and Research Experience for Veterinary students summer program at the National Institute for Mathematical and Biological Synthesis on the campus of the University of Tennessee, Knoxville. The program focused on interdisciplinary research at the interface of biology and mathematics. Participants were selected to work on projects with a biology mentor and a mathematics mentor in an environment that promoted collaboration outside of the students'' respective disciplines. There were four research projects with teams of four participants and two faculty mentors. The participants consisted of a mixture of 10 undergraduates in biology- and mathematics-related disciplines, four veterinary students, and two high-school teachers. The activities included lectures on both the biological and mathematical backgrounds of the projects, tutorials for software, and sessions on ethics, graduate school, and possible career paths for individuals interested in biology and mathematics. The program was designed to give students the ability to actively participate in the scientific research process by working on a project, writing up their results in a final report, and presenting their work orally. We report on the results of our evaluation surveys of the participants. 相似文献
7.
Ernest F. Talarico Jr. 《Anatomical sciences education》2010,3(2):77-82
As human cadavers are widely used in basic sciences, medical education, and other training and research venues, there is a real need for experts trained in anatomy and dissection. This article describes a program that gives individuals interested in clinical and basic sciences practical experience working with cadavers. Participants are selected through an open application process and attend sessions focused on anatomical terminology, gross anatomy and radiography, and some of the educational applications of human cadavers. Dissection skills are honed during an intensive, two‐day cadaver dissection and orthopedic workshop. Participants communicate the knowledge they gain through table‐side discussions, reflect upon the experience during a memorial service, and submit written program evaluations. Additionally, the dissection and preparation of cadaveric materials accomplished in this course are used in the medical school gross anatomy course during the next academic year. From 2004 through 2008, the annual number of applicants increased from 40 to 167, and the number of participants increased from 25 to 43 per year. Program participants have represented diverse ethnic, educational, and professional backgrounds. Feedback from participants has been remarkably positive, including comments on the large amount of learning that takes place during the sessions, the positive impact the program has had on career choice, and the desire for program expansion. This program, which could be replicated at other institutions, teaches anatomy, prepares cadaveric prosections for teaching and training others, and encourages participants to pursue careers in anatomical and biomedical sciences. Anat Sci Educ 3: 77–82, 2010. © 2010 American Association of Anatomists. 相似文献
8.
Johannes Ulrich Siebert Maxi Becker Nadine Oeser 《Decision Sciences Journal of Innovative Education》2023,21(1):10-25
At the end of high school, teenagers must deal with the first life-changing decision of determining what to do after graduation. For these decisions, adolescents need to be able to make good choices. However, most schools have not yet implemented decision trainings into their curricula. A new intervention called “KLUGentscheiden!” was developed to train complex decision-making in high school students to close this gap. The intervention targets three key components of good decision-making: envisioning one's objectives, identifying relevant alternatives, and comparing the identified alternatives by a weighted evaluation. We assumed that successfully training those decision-analytical steps should enhance self-perceived proactive decision-making skills. In addition, the training should also enhance self-assessed career choice self-efficacy. The intervention was evaluated in a pseudorandomized control study including 193 high school students. Compared to a control group, the intervention group significantly increased proactive decision-making skills and career choice self-efficacy. Although different long-term evaluations are still pending, the KLUGentscheiden! intervention provides an important tool to train complex decision-making in high-school students. It also has the potential to apply to other career choices of young individuals, such as choosing majors, a final thesis, a job, or a field of work. 相似文献
9.
The American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) has declared in an advertising campaign that “you can’t start
young enough” in science. However, there is no long-term data evaluating the effect of early exposure to original scientific
research on producing career scientists. To address this issue, we examined a hands-on summer science research program for
high school students that ran from 1958 to 1972. We compared participants in that program with science students that only
began their hands-on research experience once in university. Our data indicate that students who are interested in science
and have an opportunity to participate in original scientific research while in high school are significantly more likely
(p < .005) to both enter and maintain a career in science compared to students whose first research experience didn’t occur until university. Our data
suggest that more hands-on high school science research programs could help increase the number of students entering and maintaining
scientific careers, relieving the growing concern that North America is losing its leadership status in the international
scientific community. 相似文献
10.
Joel O. Bocanegra Aaron A. Gubi Gregory L. Callan Emery Clayson 《Psychology in the schools》2019,56(8):1287-1300
School psychology is experiencing a shortages crisis. Within this two‐part study, the Social Cognitive Career Theory was used to examine the impact of video interventions on students' choice and application to school psychology programs. A sub‐sample of participants were followed across 4 years. Findings suggest that, when measured immediately before and after, a short video intervention had a significant impact on participants' perceived knowledge and intentions to apply to a school psychology training program. However, when measured across several years, the video was not found to have a significant impact on actual application to a school psychology training program. Nevertheless, exposure to school psychology from multiple sources was still found to be the best predictor of actually applying to a school psychology program. Study results highlight the importance of concerted efforts throughout the career development pipeline to expose students to the profession of school psychology. 相似文献
11.
This study investigated the question, Can computer-based education be used to develop literacy and mathematics skills in young adults so that they can pursue job and career opportunities that are not subsidized by agencies and the public and private sector? It also examined issues related to the motivation of students whose training was subsidized by CETA funding and that of learners who sought training voluntarily. In general, the study did not yield the results the program administrators expected. The computer-based instruction seemed to have little effect on program participants. Discussion probes at issues related to similar failures in CETA-funded projects and makes specific recommendations about the conditions of learning that must be present and the types of incentives necessary for the successful implementation of job skills training. 相似文献
12.
This article describes a pilot project designed to encourage career interest by minority high school students in health professions in geriatrics and gerontology. This multifaceted educational program used a contextual training approach and was conducted over a five-week period. Program components included classroom sessions, group as well as independent activities and research, guided field trips, faculty lectures, and the development of a final report directed at health careers in gerontology. The majority of the students were planning or considering a career in geriatrics or gerontology at the completion of the program. Students' evaluative comments revealed a more positive attitude toward the elderly, significant interest in gerontology careers, and strong support for the program. A strategy for longterm follow-up of participants is presented, as well as lessons learned and plans for future programming. This program was implemented by the Rhode Island Geriatric Education Center, in collaboration with the University of Rhode Island Urban Field Center, in response to the "Kids Into Health Careers" initiative established by the U.S. Bureau of Health Professions. 相似文献
13.
Vitor Gamboa Maria Paula Paixão Saúl Neves de Jesus 《International Journal for Educational and Vocational Guidance》2014,14(2):221-244
The provision of workplace-based experiences (internships) is an important component of the training program for students attending vocational education courses. The purpose of this study was to clarify the relationship between internship quality and students vocational development, considering students’ vocational profiles, in a sample of 346 twelfth grade students from southern Portugal, using a longitudinal design. Results show that internship quality is associated with the career development of students, mainly concerning the process of career exploration, and has an effect that appears to be more pronounced for some of the clusters. Implications for career intervention are discussed. 相似文献
14.
Kristen L. Hutchins Patricia J. Friedrichsen 《Journal of Science Teacher Education》2012,23(8):867-887
The purpose of this study was to investigate how science faculty members?? belief systems about inquiry-based teaching changed through their experience in a professional development program. The program was designed to support early career science faculty in learning about inquiry and incorporating an inquiry-based approach to teaching laboratories. Data sources for this qualitative study included three semi-structured interviews, observations during the program and during faculty members?? implementation in their courses, and a researcher??s journal. In the first phase of data analysis, we created profiles for each of the four participants. Next, we developed assertions, and tested for confirming and disconfirming evidence across the profiles. The assertions indicated that, through the professional development program, participants?? knowledge and beliefs about inquiry-based teaching shifted, placing more value on student-directed learning and classroom inquiry. Participants who were internally motivated to participate and held incoming positive attitudes toward the mini-journal inquiry-based approach were more likely to incorporate the approach in their future practice. Students?? responses played a critical role in participants?? belief systems and their decision to continue using the inquiry-based format. The findings from this study have implications for professional development design. 相似文献
15.
2019年4月北京市启动了全市职业院校专业人才培养方案制定的诊断与改进工作。依据国家标准,从培养目标、职业面向与培养规格、课程体系及进程安排、毕业条件、实施保障、制度文件、文本质量、特色创新等八个维度对1104个人才培养方案及相关支撑材料进行全面分析发现,北京市职业教育人才培养方案制定情况整体优良,专业设置布局与首都产业结构高度契合,专业建设和教学管理水平发展还不均衡。从整体上看,各个人才培养方案的培养目标、职业面向与培养规格和课程体系进程安排则更为接近诊断标准;特色创新、实施保障、文本质量等指标与诊断标准还有一定差距。下一步,北京市职业院校应强化标准意识,掌握国家教学标准体系的构成及具体内容,重构课程体系,切实推进"三教"改革在人才培养方案中落地,完善教学管理与质量保障体系。 相似文献
16.
Jessica M. Faupel-Badger Kimberley Raue David E. Nelson Sophia Tsakraklides 《CBE life sciences education》2015,14(1)
Published evaluations of career preparation of alumni from long-standing postdoctoral fellowship programs in the biomedical sciences are limited and often focus on quantitative analysis of data from extant publicly available sources. Qualitative methods provide the opportunity to gather robust information about specific program elements from structured postdoctoral training programs and the influence of this training on subsequent career paths of alumni. In-depth interviews with a subset of the National Cancer Institute’s Cancer Prevention Fellowship Program (CPFP) alumni (n = 27), representing more than 25 years of the program’s history and multiple career sectors, were conducted to assess alumni reflections on the training environment and career preparation during their time in the CPFP. NVivo software was used to analyze data and identify major themes. Four main themes emerged from these interviews, including: the value of structured training curriculum, mentorship, transdisciplinary environment, and professional identity. Even when reflecting on training that occurred one to two decades earlier, alumni were able to highlight specific components of a structured postdoctoral training program as influencing their research and career trajectories. These results may have relevance for those interested in assessing how postdoctoral training can influence fellows throughout their careers and understanding salient features of structured programs. 相似文献
17.
This study examines the process of change among grade 4 teachers (students aged 9–10 years) who participated in a yearlong
Teacher Quality Grant innovation program. The concerns-based adoption model (CBAM), which informed the design and implementation
of the program, was used to examine the process of change. Two questions guided the investigation: (1) How did teachers’ concerns
about and levels of use of the innovation evolve during the course of the project? (2) What changes in teachers’ perceptions
and practices arose as a result of the innovation? Results showed that several of the teachers’ concerns evolved from self/task
toward impact. With continued support, several participants achieved routine levels of use, which they sustained beyond the
project. 相似文献
18.
Simon Larose Diane Cyrenne Odette Garceau Marylou Harvey Frédéric Guay Fanny Godin 《Mentoring & Tutoring: Partnership in Learning》2013,21(4):419-439
In this study, we examined the impact of a new academic mentoring program aimed at preventing student dropout in math, science and technology. The MIRES program entails bimonthly meetings between students entering college and university students completing their undergraduate degree in science and engineering. A randomized pretest-posttest control group design was used to evaluate the program’s short-term impact. At the end of the program, mentees (n = 150) presented significantly higher levels of motivation, a more positive career decision profile and enhanced institutional attachment and social adjustment than students in the control group (n = 157). MIRES mentees also showed success and persistence rates (mainly male participants) that were significantly higher than those of students in the control group. 相似文献
19.
Minority students continue to be underrepresented among those who seek graduate and professional degrees in the sciences.
Much previous research has focused on academic preparation. Equally important, however, are the psychological–social barriers
and lack of institutional support encountered by many minority students. We present a case study of a university-sponsored
intervention program for minority science majors that addresses not only academics, but also socialization into the academic
community, networking, and the ability to practice newfound skills and dispositions through undergraduate research. In examining
this case, we suggest that concerted, formal efforts toward expanding habitus and thereby augmenting cultural and social capital may have positive effects for underrepresented minority (URM) college
students’ academic and career prospects. Moreover, we argue that these differences complement the gains program participants make in academic preparedness, showing that attention to academics alone may be insufficient
for addressing longstanding inequities in science career attainment among URM students. 相似文献
20.
Martin Smith 《Performance Improvement Quarterly》1993,6(1):26-42
This article describes seven evaluation studies over the five–year history of an executive development process. The message is two–fold. First, executive development can be evaluated despite measurement difficulties. Second, evaluation should be part of the strategy for managing executive development. The seven evaluation studies included: (1) interviews with participating managers to investigate the use of development plans; (2) analysis of counseling contact records to quantify the kinds of development support requested by participants; (3) comparison of the training activity of participants to national surveys for the same period; (4) experimental comparison of the developmental practices of participants versus a peer group of nonparticipating managers; (5) analyses of annual performance ratings and career recommendations for participating versus nonparticipating managers; (6) comparison of needs assessment data gathered five years after inauguration of the development process with the original needs study; and (7) use of an employee opinion survey to examine the relationship of an executive's development to the developmental practices among employees managed by that executive. The management and evaluation of executive development are both discussed. 相似文献