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1.
本文在回顾心理康复特质文献的基础上,根据自编的青少年心理康复特质问卷,选取四川省彭州市等各受灾程度不等的中学的650名学生进行施测,以探讨四川灾区中学生心理康复特质的差异。本研究采用SPSS16.0进行数据的分析和处理,并运用相关分析、双因子变异数分析统计方法进行统计,所得结果如下：从不同年级的中学生的平均数来看,初一和初二、高一和高二年级的中学生在乐观与希望、问题求助方式、不安全感、安全感维度以及总问卷上的平均分具有不同程度的差异：（1）初中二年级学生具有的乐观与希望、安全感特质好于其他年级的学生;（2）初中二年级学生整体心理康复状况好于其他年级的学生;（3）高中二年级学生比其他年级学生更善于运用问题求助来帮助自己康复。从不同性别的中学生的平均数来看：（1）男女中学生具有的整体心理康复特质没有显著的差异;（2）在遇到突发事件时,女生比男生表现出更高程度的不安全感;（3）女生比男生更多地用问题求助的方式来帮助自己康复,且女中学生比男中学生更能找到问题解决和求助的途径。  相似文献   

2.
研究编制警察心理亚健康问卷,用以评估我国警察的心理亚健康状况。参考国内外关于成人心理健康测量量表,结合警察工作现状,在访谈的基础上编制量表。随机抽取某市警察439名进行测试,通过探索性因素分析,进行条目删减形成正式问卷。另选取1779名警察进行正式测试,进行信效度检验。正式问卷共24个条目,包括心理亚健康及躯体行为亚健康2个维度;问卷的拟合指数为:X2=1571.128（P=.000）,df=208,X2/df=7.554,拟合优度指数（GFI）=.917,调整拟合优度指数（AGFI）=0.900,近似误差均方根（RMSEA）=.062;各维度与总分之间均呈显著正相关（r=.920、897,P<.001）;总量表和各维度的的Cronbach α信度均在0.9以上,Spearman-Brown分半信度为.961,Guttman Split-Half分半信度为.961。本表具有良好的信效度,适用于警察心理亚健康问题的测评与研究。  相似文献   

3.
The objective of this study was to analyse the role of resilience in the dimensions of academic burnout syndrome and psychological health in a sample of nursing students. A battery of questionnaires was administered to 218 nursing students, all of whom were in the second year of their degree at the University of Murcia (Spain). The applied protocol used the CD-RISC 10 scale for the measurement of resilience, the burnout scale MBI, and the GHQ-12 questionnaire to assess psychological health. The findings showed a significant relationship between resilience and burnout, emotional exhaustion and self-efficacy, as well as with psychological health. Moreover, three burnout dimensions were found to be significantly linked to psychological health in the way we had predicted. A stepwise regression analysis indicated the moderating role of resilience on psychological health in emotionally exhausting situations. We conclude that the psychological characteristic resilience moderated the effect of emotional exhaustion on the psychological health of the students. The practical implications of the results are discussed in order to introduce measures for the proper training of nursing students for professional practice; we also make several suggestions for future research in this field.  相似文献   

4.
Abstract

The objective of this study was to analyse the role of resilience in the dimensions of academic burnout syndrome and psychological health in a sample of nursing students. A battery of questionnaires was administered to 218 nursing students, all of whom were in the second year of their degree at the University of Murcia (Spain). The applied protocol used the CD-RISC 10 scale for the measurement of resilience, the burnout scale MBI, and the GHQ-12 questionnaire to assess psychological health. The findings showed a significant relationship between resilience and burnout, emotional exhaustion, and self-efficacy, as well as with psychological health. Moreover, three burnout dimensions were found to be significantly linked to psychological health in the way we had predicted. Regression analysis indicated the moderating role of resilience on psychological health in emotionally exhausting situations. We conclude that the psychological characteristic resilience moderated the effect of emotional exhaustion on the psychological health of the students. The practical implications of the results are discussed in order to introduce measures for the proper training of nursing students for professional practice; we also make several suggestions for future research in this field.  相似文献   

5.
The purpose of this study was to develop a scale for measuring prospective science teachers’ awareness of waste recycling. The study was conducted with the participation of 382 prospective teachers attending a university located in northern Turkey. The five-point Likert type scale that was developed contained 82 items relating to prospective science teachers’ awareness of waste recycling. The factor analysis conducted showed that five items had factor loadings below 0.30, and five were cross loading items. Factor analysis was repeated after removing these items. A further 24 items were removed from the list at the end of the factor analysis, and the remaining 48 items were grouped under ten dimensions. The reliability coefficient for the factors extracted varied between 0.717 and 0.805, and the internal reliability coefficient for the whole scale was 0.905.  相似文献   

6.

The purpose of current study was to explore psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the Balanced Index of Psychological Mindedness (BIPM). Studies regarding psychological mindedness (PM) are still limited in Turkey; and there are few valid instruments to measure PM. The Turkish version of the BIPM and the 20-Item Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS) was administered to 654 voluntary undergraduate students. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated a good fit for the model including two subscales (interest and ability dimensions of PM) with a total of 14 items (x2/df?=?3.11, p?<?.001, RMSEA?=?0.060, S-RMR?=?0.059, GFI?=?0.95, AGFI?=?.0.93, CFI?=?0.94). McDonald’s Omega (ω) for scores on the overall scale was .85, .73 for scores on the Interest Subscale and .76 for scores on the Insight Subscale. Test–retest reliability coefficients were found as .61 for the scores on the BIPM total score, .55 for scores on the Interest subscale and .56 for scores on the Insight subscale (p?<?.01). As expected, the BIPM total scale score were negatively correlated with TAS total score (r?=?-.59).

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7.
An eight-item instrument was constructed to measure the skills represented by four of Carkhuff's dimensions (scales) of facilitative interpersonal functioning. These items consisted of stimulus statements on a color videocassette, introduced by a narrator and performed by actors. Subjects responded by writing what their verbal and nonverbal responses would be in the situation presented. Reliability coefficients (.77 and .80), concurrent validity (.75) and construct validity via factor analysis are presented. Results demonstrate the feasibility of this approach to measuring Carkhuff's dimensions. Suggestions for further research are included.  相似文献   

8.
目的:了解大学生适应性的现状,为提高大学生适应性水平提供帮助。方法:选取湖南多所高校494名大学生,采用由卢谢峰编写的大学生适应性量表进行问卷调查。结果:在性别、生源地、家庭结构维度上适应性总体水平未表现出统计学差异,而在是否学生干部、不同年级的维度上适应性总体水平表现出统计学差异。在学习适应性、人际适应性、角色适应性、职业选择适应性、环境的总体认同及身心症状表现6维度上有显著的统计学差异,而在生活自理适应性上无明显性差异。结论:学生干部和高年级大学生群体适应性较高。分别在学习适应性、人际适应性、角色适应性、职业选择适应性、环境的总体认同及身心症状上表现出较强的适应性。  相似文献   

9.
The purpose of this study was to synthesize the cognitive learning strategy intervention studies conducted in Korea between 1990 and 2006, using meta-analysis. By means of pre-established systematic criteria, 50 articles were selected and 97 effect sizes were calculated. Effect size was calculated using ‘the Cohen’s d’ (Cooper &; Hedges, 1994). The research questions of the present study were as follows: (a) Are cognitive learning strategies generally effective? (b) What type of cognitive learning strategy is most effective? (c) Are effect sizes of different types of cognitive learning strategies different according to the applied domains, grade levels, and achievement levels? The results of the study indicate that, first of all, the overall cognitive learning strategies (97 ESs) yielded a large effect size (ESsm=.96), which was not homogenous (Q=55.19,p <.05). Thus, in each subcategory of learners’ characteristics and applied domains, we calculated effect sizes and conducted the test of homogeneity separately. Except for grade level, the effect sizes were generally homogenous in each subcategory. The findings revealed that cognitive strategies had large effect sizes (.82–1.69). For average achieving students as well as underachieving students (Learning Disabilities), cognitive learning strategies were very effective (.82–1.42). The effect of cognitive learning strategies was very large in terms of students in all grades (1.02–1.34), except for middle school students (.70). Lastly, the implications for the application of different cognitive learning strategies were discussed.  相似文献   

10.
基于社会认同理论和个体认同发展理论,借鉴国内外相关问卷,编制了民族认同量表。以1101名不同民族的大学生为被试,采用探索性因素分析、验证性因素分析等方法对量表的信度、效度进行了检验。本量表由三个维度构成,即探索、肯定和确认,相关指标表明量表具有较好的信度、效度,很好地测量了民族认同一般、核心的成分,可以比较不同民族成员对其所属民族的认同状况,本量表可以用来测量不同民族大学生的民族认同。  相似文献   

11.
Abstract

Two investigations were conducted to identify the major dimensions of distance learner satisfaction with live‐broadcast, interactive (one‐way video, two‐way audio) televised college‐level courses. In the first study, factor analyses were used to explore the responses of 201 currently enrolled students to the Telecourse Evaluation Questionnaire. The analyses identified seven distinct dimensions of course satisfaction. A comparable study was conducted one year later using a different sample of 177 distance learners who were also enrolled in the televised courses. A factor analysis of these data validated the original results in that, as predicted, seven comparable dimensions were identified. Overall results are discussed in terms of the practical benefits the research offers to both program personnel and evaluation researchers.  相似文献   

12.
心理资本指可提升工作绩效与组织竞争优势的个体重要内在资源。具有一定的文化与群体差异性。本文基于积极心理学与积极组织行为学等理论,探索中小学教师心理资本的结构内容及与工作投入的关系。研究通过文献分析、访谈与问卷调查等途径,编制了信效度较好的中小学教师心理资本问卷,1071名教师的调查结果表明,中小学教师心理资本的构成包含有任务型心理资本（自我效能、进取心、希望、乐观和韧性）与人际情感型心理资本（热诚、幽默、爱与感恩、公平正直）两维度9因子,其中有些因子也是性格优点的表现。研究对教师心理资本及与工作投入关系进行了实证分析,结果表明：（1）教师心理资本与工作投入正相关,可通过补充能量,提高认同,激发动机,促进工作投入。（2）心理资本各维度对工作投入各维度既有直接效应,也可通过奉献、活力的中介影响专注。（3）任务型心理资本对工作投入的影响稍大些,但心理资本两维度的作用都不可缺。  相似文献   

13.
Abstract

Theories of self-concept usually maintain that the individual’s self-esteem is reflected in peer ratings. The purpose of this 6tudy is to isolate factore of self-esteem and of peer ratings and to determine significant relationships between the derived factors. Over two hundred elementary pupils were selected from two metropolitan areas.

Approximately half were black, disadvantaged pupils; the remainder were white with above average cultural advantages. The Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory (SEI) and a semantic differential (SD) were administered to all students. From a factor analysis of responses to the SEI, four factors of self-esteem and a lie scale emerged.

Three SD factors were obtained from a factor analysis of the peer ratings. One significant canonical correlation (.325 p = .01) resulted from the correlation of the three SD factor scores with scores on the five SEI factors. “Activity” dominated the relationship between peer feelings and self-concept dimensions.  相似文献   

14.
This study investigated associations between student-perceived teacher behaviours and students’ personal goal orientations. Thus, the study applied theoretical concepts from self-determination theory and parenting style in an attempt to enhance understanding of additional environmental characteristics possibly affecting personal goal orientation. Moreover, it examined psychological control in a classroom context, whereas it was previously investigated mainly within parent–child relationships. Junior-high school students (n?=?191) completed questionnaires to reveal their perceptions of teacher practices and their own personal goals. The distinction between teachers’ psychological control and autonomy suppression was supported by confirmatory factor analysis; however, they were highly correlated. When regarded as two dimensions of teachers’ compelling behaviours, they associated positively with performance-approach and performance-avoidance goals and negatively with mastery goals. Teachers are advised to avoid various compelling practices.  相似文献   

15.
Currently a sound and reliable measure of a student-athlete's career development does not exist. The purpose of this study was to develop a psychometrically sound instrument that measures the career situation of student-athletes. Participants for the study were 204 (138 male and 66 female) student-athletes from a large midwestern Division I university. A primary axis factor analysis using promax rotation revealed that five factors, named: Career Development Self-efficacy, Career versus Sport Identity, Locus of Control, Barriers to Career Development, and Sport to Work Relationship, accounted for 81.39% of the common variance in the data. The internal reliability of each factor of the Student-athlete Career Situation Inventory (SACSI) was established using Cronbach's alpha (.70 to .80). The criterion validity of the SACSI was investigated by regressing career experiences and gains on the five factors of the SACSI, resulting in significant squared multiple correlations (.17, .28).  相似文献   

16.
The normal hypervelocity impact of an Al-thin plate by an Al-sphere was numerically simulated by using the adaptive smoothed particle hydrodynamics (ASPH) method. In this method, the isotropic smoothing algorithm of standard SPH is replaced with anisotropic smoothing involving ellipsoidal kernels whose axes evolve automatically to follow the mean particle spacing as it varies in time, space, and direction around each particle. Using the ASPH, the anisotropic volume changes under strong shock condition are captured more accurately and clearly. The sophisticated features of meshless and Lagrangian nature inherent in the SPH method are kept for treating large deformations, large inhomogeneities and tracing free surfaces in the extremely transient impact process. A two-dimensional ASPH program is coded with C . The developed hydrocode is examined for example problems of hypervelocity impacts of solid materials. The results obtained from the numerical simulation are compared with available experimental ones. Good agreement is observed.  相似文献   

17.
Childhood adversity is associated with a wide range of detrimental psychological consequences. This study examined the mediating role of relationship-specific attachment (avoidance and anxiety) in the associations between childhood adversity and both psychological distress and subjective well-being. University students (N = 190) across the Republic of Ireland completed self-report measures including the Adverse Childhood Experiences scale, Experiences in Close Relationships − Relationship Structures scale, Depression Anxiety and Stress scales and measures of subjective well-being. One hundred and twenty-eight participants (67.4%) reported experiencing at least one adverse childhood experience. Childhood adversity was associated with symptoms of psychological distress and subjective well-being. All such associations were mediated by certain relationship-specific attachment dimensions. Of these, attachment anxiety in general relationships was the most prominent mediator for both psychological distress and subjective well-being. Attachment to one’s father and to one’s romantic partner did not mediate any association. These findings indicate that attachment, in particular relationships, is an important factor in the associations between childhood adversity and both psychological distress and subjective well-being as an adult. One’s attachment anxiety in general relationships is particularly important in these associations. Therapeutic interventions addressing these attachment domains may offset the detrimental effects of childhood adversity. Future research is required using a longitudinal design.  相似文献   

18.
Few research-based measures of the family literacy environment are commercially available, especially in Spanish. One exception is the Familia Inventory (Taylor, 1995). The present study investigated the 10 subscales of this instrument and the factor structure they imply, using data from a low-socioeconomic (SES), largely Hispanic population. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to test the structure of the instrument as well as whether it is invariant across English and Spanish language versions. The scale was administered to 232 parents of preschoolers. Results of the CFA revealed that the a priori dimensions of the Familia Inventory were not supported for this sample. Follow-up analyses suggested poor fit both within and between subscales. The scale fit poorly within both English and Spanish, precluding testing of invariance across language. Supplemental analyses using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) on a subset of the items that had adequate variance suggested that a four-factor solution accounting for 53% of the variance best represented the English data and that a two-factor solution accounting for 43% of the variance best represented the Spanish data. Implications are discussed.  相似文献   

19.
The purpose of this study was to develop a Meta‐Affective Trait Scale (MATS) to measure the meta‐affective inclinations related to emotions that students have while they are studying for their classes. First, a pilot study was performed with 380 10th‐grade students. Results of the exploratory factor analysis supported a two‐factor structure of the MATS, with 17 items and two dimensions (affective awareness and affective regulation). Second, in the validation study, the confirmatory factor analysis was carried out using data from 359 11th‐grade students. Satisfactory fit indices were obtained, providing evidence for the reliability and validity of the scale. Finally, for further evidence, a correlational analysis was run. Results indicated positive and significant correlations between learning strategies and self‐efficacy and the dimensions of the MATS. Consequently, the MATS can be employed by both researchers and teachers to assess students’ meta‐affective inclinations.  相似文献   

20.
Physical self-concept plays a central role in older adults’ physical health, mental health and psychological well-being; however, little attention has been paid to the underlying dimensions of physical self-concept in the elderly. The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a new measurement for older adults. First, a qualitative study (Study 1) was conducted that included semistructured interviews and a focus group discussion. The second study established an initial instrument. Through item pool generation, content validation assessment, factor analysis, and item analysis (n = 187), the Physical Self-Concept Scale for Older Adults (PSCS-O) was produced containing 18 items and six dimensions. Finally, in the third study (n = 233), the PSCS-O showed adequate factorial stability and the initial certerion validity. The PSCS-O were able to explain 49.2% of the variance in older adults’ well-being. In addition, Ability to Live Independently, which was introduced as a new factor by the PSCS-O, was the strongest predictor of the older adults’ overall subjective well-being. In conclusion, the preliminary results from this study demonstrated that this new instrument, the PSCS-O, has sound psychometric properties. The PSCS-O may be a suitable and useful instrument in the study of physical self-concept in older adults in the future.  相似文献   

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