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1.
教育评估的偏废与教育问责的缺失限制了我国高职教育的内涵式发展。教育评估与教育问责存在相互作用的内在关联,二者的联动是构建高职质量保障体系的关键。保障教育问责主体的平等性和评估主体的独立性,明确教育评估与问责客体的责任,提升教育评估与问责的制度化水平以及注重高职的本质与特性是构建高职教育评估与教育问责联动机制的前提和保障。  相似文献   

2.
教育问责报告有着多样的目的,这取决于对学校教育问责作用的不同假设,简单地曝光或者奖惩没有什么实质性的意义,教育问责报告必须定位于促进学校的改善。而要发挥教育问责报告促进学校改善的作用,必须使所呈现的信息具有独特的性质。  相似文献   

3.
教师教育教学质量问责是培养高质量教师的重要途径。针对教师教育教学质量问责存在的概念不清、价值不明、路径不详等问题,文章建构了教师教育教学质量问责的概念内涵,阐明了教师教育教学质量问责的重要价值:实现以责促教,有助于改善教师教育者的教学质量;以责促建,有助于培植教师教育队伍的专业责任;以责促治,有助于构筑教师教育质量的全面保障体系。针对教师教育教学质量问责的现实困境,提出三条实施路径:强化评估思维、聚焦提效的问责意识;构建一方连续、多方协同、责任共担的问责体系;健全问责目标、标准、工具、奖惩的问责机制。本研究关于教师教育教学质量问责的理论构建旨在为有效推动教师教育教学问责提供理论依据。  相似文献   

4.
教育问责在内涵上分歧很大,而基于标准的教育问责则有着确定性的含义。就问责关系来看,基于标准的教育问责是政府对学校的问责;就问责的内容来看,基于标准的教育问责是针对学生学业成就的问责;就问责的途径来看,基于标准的教育问责以专业性教育评估为主要手段;就问责的后果来看,基于标准的教育问责不以惩罚为主,而以促进学校的改善为主。  相似文献   

5.
教育问责昭示着特定的关系安排,它规定了与教育系统有关的不同群体之间一种正式的控制与被控制关系,标明了一方就教育资源的管理与自身角色,对另一方所负的某种责任。在问责关系的安排下,教育问责包涵了问责主体、问责客体、问责范围和结果等多种要素。教育立法是教育问责实践的核心依据,教育问责实践包含了问责的主体、客体、范围、标准和结果的基本要素。  相似文献   

6.
易雪琴 《林区教学》2013,(11):114-116
新公共管理主义的兴起与发展使问责制广泛应用到了各国政府当中,并逐渐向教育领域推行,教育问责制在提升教育质量和实现教育目标过程中发挥着越来越重要的作用。国外学者很早就关注教育问责制带来的影响,各国政府也将问责积极应用于教育改革当中,关于教育问责制的理论和实践的研究也日趋成熟。  相似文献   

7.
构建以质量为本的教育问责制度体系   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
提高教育质量是当前和今后我国教育改革与发展的核心任务,构建以质量为本的教育问责制度体系是解决教育质量问题的根本性制度安排。一个完善的以质量为本的教育问责制度体系除了涵盖教师、学校等教育主体外,还必须包括对于政府的教育质量问责。对于教师的问责、对于学校的问责、对于教育行政部门的问责三者只有有机结合,形成一个上下贯通的教育问责体系,才能有效推进教育质量的提升。  相似文献   

8.
在高等教育质量保障体系中,社会问责是高等教育质量外部监控的重要手段。对高等教育质量进行社会问责是公民或社会组织以直接或间接的方式对高校内部管理制度及运行状况进行评估,促使高校努力提高教育质量,建立完善的高等教育质量保障体系。对高等教育质量进行社会问责必须解决问责的衡量标准、问责主体的法律权限(地位)、建立高校信息披露机制和问责回应机制等问题。  相似文献   

9.
高职教育质量越来越受到人们的关注,在此背景下,将问责制度引入对高职教育质量评估领域,有助于规范高职教育事业的发展路径,为我国新工业化进程提供坚实的人才保障。文章阐述了利益相关者理论视角下高职教育质量问责的内涵及其意义,从建构理念、内容及方法等方面揭示了高职教育质量问责面临的困境,并提出了基于利益相关理论的高职教育质量问责变革路径,即变革高职院校的教育质量问责理念,丰富高职院校的教育质量问责内容,完善高职院校的教育质量问责方法。  相似文献   

10.
当前我国正在建设的教育督导问责制度,不同于西方国家基于政府绩效目标或学业测量结果的问责模式,而具有监督与指导并重的双重功能。但在实践中,为了充分实现这种功能,教育督导问责的行为类型与相应实施主体仍有待明确。针对行为类型,依据问责事项性质可以区分为“行政问责”与“专业问责”,依据是否采用强制性力量可以区分为“控制型问责”与“影响型问责”。针对实施主体,通常在特定事项问责资源由教育督导机构独立占用时,应由教育督导机构独立实施问责;在问责资源不充分而可能影响问责目标实现时,教育督导机构应通过联合或接续方式与有关职能部门共同实施问责。  相似文献   

11.
论NCLB法案以来美国教育行政管理体制的改革趋势   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
随着对教育公平和教育质量的诉求不断深入,美国传统的基础教育管理体制近年来也不断重构,以适应教育改革的需要。如今,联邦已通过推进问责和评价机制以及增加教育拨款,主导了教育改革的方向与进程;各州通过建立和推行州内的问责体制、学术标准和评价体系,其教育决策权和管理权得到了极大扩张;学校获得了更多的灵活性和自主权来优化课程与教学;而学区却向辅助性、支援性的角色蜕变。由NCLB法案确立并广泛施行的问责和评价机制,是导致上述体制变革的直接原因。  相似文献   

12.
Kulsoom Jaffer 《Prospects》2010,40(3):375-392
This article traces how the concept of educational inspection has evolved in Pakistan, especially in the province of Sindh, and discusses whether the existing inspection system helps to improve quality and establish accountability. The inspection system that originated in colonial days has evolved to incorporate the notion of using supervision to provide a range of support to school-based efforts to improve performance. The shift, however, has been in terminology only, since it has not signalled a major shift in how the job is carried out in practice. The article argues that as a strategy for establishing accountability and improving quality in education, inspection and supervision rely on several interdependent variables. Improvements in educational quality will require a balance among three factors: the availability of relevant and adequate physical, human, and financial resources; effective and empowered leadership; and functional monitoring, evaluation, and professional support for schools.  相似文献   

13.
美国基于标准的绩效问责制度经历了基于州立课程标准的制度探索、统一绩效问责模式、差异化绩效问责实验、基于共同核心州立标准的改革四个阶段。绩效问责理念由惩罚失败转向奖励进步、由重视外部绩效转向建构基于增值评价方法的内部绩效,设置了多维量化与质性效能评价指标、形成了"七位一体"的绩效问责模式。目前基于共同标准的绩效问责改革面临着新的挑战,对其规律及问题分析可对我国基础教育绩效问责改革有所启发。  相似文献   

14.
Paul  E.Barton 《考试研究》2009,(4):4-18
笔者认为,在过去几十年中,标准化考试已成为美国社会衡量学校有效性的问责制的一个重要组成部分。针对现行基于考试的问责制的缺陷,本文认为如果学校效能要通过测验来衡量,就必须找到一种为人所接受的衡量学生进步的方式,这种方式能够获得学生在学校学习的结果。而要建立系统的、高质量的问责体系,考试不应该成为唯一的手段。  相似文献   

15.
In many European languages, the words ‘assessment’ and ‘evaluation’ are synonymous, but in English the two terms are used differently. Educational ‘assessment’ is learner-focused and part of professional pedagogy, relating directly to the accountability of practitioners and schools to learners and their families. Educational ‘evaluation’ is understood to be a parallel and linked process, relating to the quality of national policy and of provision and practice in establishments, part of accountability to the wider public. In Scotland, assessment policy has been focused on aligning ‘assessment for learning’ and ‘assessment for accountability’ for nearly a decade and policy guidance has been based on the principle that formative and summative uses of information can apply as well to system evaluation as to school-based assessment. Self-evaluation has been increasingly emphasized, promoting better understanding of the role of continuous review in supporting and improving education. In theory, the two processes of assessment and evaluation should align without difficulty as ‘intelligent accountability’ and together should act as a powerful driver for improved educational outcomes. However, achieving alignment in practice, which requires good professional relationships and mutual trust in different communities of practice, as well as shared understanding and expectations, has proven to be very hard to achieve. This article will show the progress that has been made with alignment; indicate where there have been difficulties and why; and suggest that several important factors need to be acknowledged if alignment is to be achieved.  相似文献   

16.
This article reveals perspectives based on experiences from twentieth-century Danish educational history by outlining contemporary, test-based accountability regime characteristics and their implications for education policy. The article introduces one such characteristic, followed by an empirical analysis of the origins and impacts of test-based accountability measures applying both top-down and bottom-up perspectives.

These historical perspectives offer the opportunity to gain a fuller understanding of this contemporary accountability concept and its potential, appeal and implications for continued use in contemporary educational settings. Accountability measures and practices serve as a way to govern schools; by analysing the history of accountability as the concept has been practised in the education sphere, the article will discuss both pros and cons of such a methodology, particularly as it relates to contemporary education governance.  相似文献   

17.
解决高质量基础上的平等问题是美国教育的当代追求。为此,美国通过实施与完善绩效问责制、促进学校多样化与竞争、强化家长择校权利和能力等途径来解决这个问题。美国的经验给我们的启示是,教育公平具有普世价值,教育公平问题在一个国家的不同发展阶段表现不同,教育公平与质量、效率并不矛盾,应增强公立学校自我改进的动力。  相似文献   

18.
Many studies point to potential unintended consequences of accountability systems such as when schools narrow their teaching to fixate on tested subjects. As a result, some states and districts in the USA have complemented the federal test-based accountability system with additional measures of educational practices to hold schools accountable on multiple measures. To explore the consequences of such systems, this study focuses on the responses of nine elementary schools to a multiple-measure accountability system in New York City, including high-stakes tests and quality reviews. While some schools showed broader improvement efforts, results suggest the state test remains the dominant measure in driving responses of schools, and in some cases, the quality review further reinforces the schools' focus on the test.  相似文献   

19.
教师的专业发展是伴随着教师的专业责任的强化而发展的。教师专业责任的强化有赖于建立一套共负的专业责任体系和有效的评价机制,以确保教师在自主发展和教育教学过程中承担相应的责任,进而促进教师的专业化发展。  相似文献   

20.
高校问责制初探   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
问责制起源于公共行政领域。随着教育民主化浪潮的推进,问责制也被逐渐引入教育管理体制中,在英美等国的高校管理中受到广泛的应用。文章在对荚美等国问责制进行分析的同时,从制度建设的层面提出构建我国高校问责制的策略:明晰权责内容,规范问责程序,明确问责范围,健全问责机构。  相似文献   

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