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1.
简单论述用自然之音考求上古音值的方法,并据以考知侯宵幽三部元音分别为[]、[]、[o]。阴声韵宵幽元音的发音与其相配阳声韵的尾辅音一样,同有唇的动作,这是阴阳相配在收尾音上的音质基础。先秦前期的阳声闭口韵是侵、冬、谈三部,其相配阴声分别是幽、宵、鱼。冬部在先秦前期是独立的闭口韵,后期逐渐演为收鼻,最后与东部合流。  相似文献   

2.
新世纪高校校园文化的功能及塑造   总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12  
蒋洪池 《高教论坛》2003,(1):130-133
本文从校园评论经的内涵及特征入手，论述了新世纪校园评论经的六大功能：导向功能；约束功能，创新功能，凝聚功能；激励功能，辐射功能，在此基础上，提出了新世纪现代高校如何进行校园文化（精神文化、规范文化、智能文化、智能文化和物质文化）的塑造。  相似文献   

3.
ABSTRACT

The authors examined parental involvement's (PI) impact on school performance. The hierarchical linear modeling method was applied to national Schools and Staffing Survey 2007–2008 data. They found that PI variables explained significant variance for the outcomes of (a) meeting adequate yearly progress (AYP) and (b) being free from sanctions. The authors also found that PI in (a) open houses, (b) parent–teacher conferences, and (c) special events were statistically significant positive predictors for meeting AYP, and that PI (a) on hiring teachers, (b) in open houses, and (c) in special events were statistically significant positive predictors for being free from sanctions. PI on hiring teachers seemed to be an important strategy in turning around schools. The similarity and difference in the sets of statistically significant predictors for both outcomes indicate that some PI strategies were effective for all schools while others were effective for particular situations. Implications and limitations of the study were discussed.  相似文献   

4.
This article examines three aspects of the application of video in a therapeutic-didactic setting: (1) the specific psychological effects of video on a client as compared to other means of obtaining therapeutic-didactic feedback; some positive and negative effects, their eventual causes and handling; (2) the implicit demands (methodological and otherwise) imposed by the medium (video) on the therapist-teacher. Their implications for professional video training and (3) some therapies and their possibilities for video-feedback are discussed.Qualified in cognitive and social psychology (University of Amsterdam) and as a Gestalt therapist (Belgian Association for Gestalt Therapy).  相似文献   

5.
赖忠诚 (2 36 - 2 98年 )三国末 (2 80年 )由丰宁 (颖川郡境 )南迁至揭阳桴源 (今江西宁都县北 )开辟而居。其长子赖光西晋永兴间 (30 4 - 30 6年 )仕于浙 ,此后其子、孙、曾孙相继从桴源移家于浙。赖庄本居桴源 ,移家浙江松阳县。时任江东府知府赖遇以其父居松阳为由 ,于晋隆安二年 (398年 )奏请松阳为郡 ,尊赖光为松阳赖氏始祖。南朝元嘉间赖仲方由江浙返迁桴源 ,后于元嘉末 (453年 )到赤竹坪开基 (今宁都县城址 )。隋开皇十八年 (598年 )易赤竹坪为虔化县治 ,赖氏八支裔孙各徙一方 ,赖度重返桴源 ,裔延居至今  相似文献   

6.
This study examines the reading standards of eight cohorts (years 1989 to 1996) of Year 6 children (mean age 11.31) from five randomly selected primary schools within one Local Education Authority in England. The total size of the sample was 1,503 children. The analysis focuses on the extent to which average scores in reading comprehension have changed over the eight years from 1989 to 1996. Examination of the means of the standardised comprehension scores for each cohort reveals a significant fall in attainment between Cohort 1 (1989), on the one hand, and Cohorts 6 (1994) and 7 (1995), on the other. The percentage of children with scores greater that one standard deviation above the mean (i.e. above standard score 115) declined from 22 per cent in Cohort 1 (1989) to 7 per cent in Cohort 6 (1994), with a similar increased in the percentage of children scoring less than one standard deviation below the mean. The implications of these findings are briefly discussed.  相似文献   

7.
Past studies have shown that distinct yet highly correlated sub-constructs of three broad mathematics affective variables: (a) motivation, (b) attitudes and (c) anxiety, have varying degree of correlation with mathematics achievement. The sub-constructs of these three affective constructs are as follows: (a) (i) amotivation, (ii) external regulation, (iii) introjection, (iv) identification, (v) intrinsic motivation; (b) (i) enjoyment of mathematics, (ii) self-confidence in mathematics, (iii) perceived value of mathematics; (c) (i) anxiety with mathematics and (ii) ease with mathematics. This study identifies, both within and across these three affective variables, the key sub-constructs that educators should focus upon when selecting learning process variables for mathematics achievement. Results were analysed using a series of stepwise regression analyses using data from 1018 Grade 12 students enrolled in a top pre-tertiary institution in Singapore, both for concurrent and predictive relationships, and also for both genders. Results of this study showed that after taking into account self-confidence in mathematics and ease with mathematics, all other sub-constructs of mathematics motivation, attitudes and anxiety were not significantly correlated with mathematics achievement. This is true for both concurrent and predictive relationships, and for both genders. Implications of the results of this study are twofold. First, results of this study provide educators with priority affective variables to focus upon in their efforts to enhance performance in mathematics via the affective domain. Second, in situations where administration time is limited, it may be possible to consider only self-confidence and ease with mathematics when investigating relationships between affect and mathematics achievement.  相似文献   

8.
This study delves into the different roles that elementary science teachers play in the classroom to orchestrate science learning opportunities for students. Examining the classroom practices of three elementary science teachers in Singapore, we found that teachers shuttle between four key roles in enabling student learning in science. Teachers can play the role of (1) dispenser of knowledge (giver), (2) mentor of learning (advisor), (3) monitor of students’ activities (police), and (4) partner in inquiry (colearner). These roles are dynamic, and while teachers show a preference for one of the four roles, factors such as the nature of the task, the types of students, as well as the availability of time and resources affect the role that teachers adopt. The roles that teachers play in the classroom have implications for the practice of science as inquiry in the classroom as well as the identities that teachers and students form in the science learning process.  相似文献   

9.
当前国际教育改革主题与我国教育改革走向探析   总被引：37，自引：0，他引：37  
20世纪90年代以来,国际教育改革主要是围绕着这样一系列主题展开的:一是在新的意义上全面提高教育质量;二是重新调整教育公平与效率的关系;三是协调政府与市场在教育发展中的作用及其相互关系;四是调整中央与地方在教育管理中的关系;五是积极采取应对教育国际化的措施;六是建设学习化社会。我国教育改革总体上与国际教育改革的趋势是相一致的。在未来一段时期内,教育质量、教育公平、政府与市场的关系、分权与集权的关系、教育国际化和构建学习化社会,仍将是我国教育改革的重要内容。  相似文献   

10.
This study investigated emotion transmission among peers during middle childhood. Participants included 202 children (111 males; race: 58% African American, 20% European American, 16% Mixed race, 1% Asian American, and 5% Other; ethnicity: 23% Latino(a) and 77% Not Latino(a); Mincome = $42,183, SDincome = $43,889; Mage = 9.49; English-speaking; from urban and suburban areas of a mid-Atlantic state in the United States). Groups of four same-sex children interacted in round-robin dyads in 5-min tasks during 2015–2017. Emotions (happy, sad, angry, anxious, and neutral) were coded and represented as percentages of 30-s intervals. Analyses assessed whether children's emotion expression in one interval predicted change in partners' emotion expression in the next interval. Findings suggested: (a) escalation of positive and negative emotion [children's positive (negative) emotion predicts an increase in partners' positive (negative) emotion], and (b) de-escalation of positive and negative emotion (children's neutral emotion predicts a decrease in partners' positive or negative emotion). Importantly, de-escalation involved children's display of neutral emotion and not oppositely valenced emotion.  相似文献   

11.
研究目的:在小鼠模型中利用吲哚美辛阻断COX-1/2通路,探讨非甾体类抗炎药对肾缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用。创新要点:非甾体类抗炎药被认为具有肾毒性,本研究首次在小鼠模型中探讨非甾体类抗炎药对肾缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用。研究方法:小鼠左侧肾蒂夹闭后,通过腹腔注射不同剂量的吲哚美辛,在肾缺血再灌注损伤24小时后,获取血液和肾脏标本。利用酶联免疫(ELISA)试剂盒测定血清肌酐和细胞因子浓度来评估肾功能,肾组织样本进行苏木精-伊红染色和免疫组化分析。重要结论:腹腔注射吲哚美辛5 mg/kg组的小鼠血清肌酐值与对照组相比显著降低,肾小管损伤也显著减轻(见图1和2);腹腔注射5和7 mg/kg吲哚美辛组的小鼠血清肾肿瘤坏死因子-α和白介素-6的浓度显著降低(见图3a和3b);腹腔注射3和5 mg/kg吲哚美辛组的小鼠血清血栓素B2与6-酮前列腺素F1α的比值明显降低(见图3c);腹腔注射5 mg/kg吲哚美辛组小鼠肾组织COX-1和COX-2染色较弱(见图4)。因此,吲哚美辛对小鼠肾缺血再灌注损伤的作用与其剂量相关,在某个特定的剂量范围内具有肾保护作用。吲哚美辛对小鼠肾缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用与阻断COX-1/2有关。  相似文献   

12.
北京市空气中PM10与PM2.5的污染水平状况研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
主要对北京市三个采样点的PM10和PM2.5污染水平和时空分布进行了分析.结果表明:市区和西北城区PM10季节性变化一致,郊区与市区和西北城区有所差异,但污染水平最低.PM2 5随PM10上升而上升,但季节性变化与PM10变化不一致.PM2.5/PM10比值在3个采样点都为夏季最高.采样点间对比为:除了PM10西北城区2006年春季超过市区,其它均为市区＞西北城区＞郊区.这些结果可为颗粒物污染的进一步研究提供基础信息和建议.  相似文献   

13.
Since the 1990s we have seen an increase in consideration of social and cultural aspects of learning as a way to foster organizational learning and human performance. Despite strong interest among practitioners and scholars, the study of organizational learning is lacking in empirical research. The study described here calls attention to the importance of informal learning in designing effective learning environments for the training of professionals. The study examines how people share and construct their knowledge in a Public Defender's Office and conclude that there are six attributes of communities of practice (CoPs) that serve as scaffolding for organizational learning. The attributes are (1) a group of professionals, (2) development of a shared meaning, (3) informal network, (4) supportive culture‐trust, (5) engagement in knowledge building, and (6) individuals' negotiation and development of professional identities. Implications for education and training in relation to the concept of CoPs are discussed.  相似文献   

14.
This study analyses teacher perceived difficulty in implementing differentiated instructional strategies in regular classes. The participants were 273 Portuguese primary school teachers with teaching experience ranging from 1 to 33 years. A 39-item questionnaire was used to evaluate teacher perceived difficulty in relation to different instructional strategies. Teacher responses were factor analysed and five different domains were identified: (1) activities and materials; (2) assessment; (3) management; (4) planning and preparation; and (5) classroom environment. Results showed that with the exception of the classroom environment domain, all the instruction practices in the remaining domains were considered to be difficult. In particular, the most difficult practices were under the domain of activities and materials and were associated with the adaptation of curricular elements (content, process, and product) based on student characteristics (readiness, interest, and learning profiles). The results also revealed a strong association between the activities and materials domain and the assessment domain. Some implications of these findings for initial teacher training and teacher professional development programmes are discussed.  相似文献   

15.
For decades, researchers in the social sciences and in education have sought to understand and map the factors that lead people to move (or to fail to move) from environmental knowledge to 'pro-environmental behaviour'. In this article, we explore some conceptual, epistemological, methodological and practical 'gaps' that seem to reproduce themselves in successive instantiations of this quest. The purpose of this article is to help build the critical perspective that comes with problematizing the very project of knowledge-behaviour modelling, identifying the positivistic residues still present in the enterprise, and suggesting that modelling may be more useful in domains of greater scale. Focusing on the 'Mind Gap' model developed by Kollmus and Agyeman (2002), we discuss the 'gap' between contemporary educational research and knowledge-behaviour modelling research that is the cumulative effect of (1) the critical thinking - 'behaviour change' gap; (2) the 'reflective practitioner - 'researcher as authority' gap; (3) the two literatures gap; (4) the conscious - non-conscious gap (tied to reason and habit in moral agency); (5) the direct action - indirect action gap (tied to privatizing environmental morality); (6) the gender gap; and (7) the internal - external gap (tied to ignoring the complexity of moral agency and cultural identity).  相似文献   

16.
泛珠三角区域经济合作将是以新区域主义为基础产生的一个惊世创举。它通过市场和产业分工逻辑链接起来形成新的市场共同体，打破区域内原有的行政区划经济。泛珠三角区域经济合作有4个主要的合作领域，即由于各地区在自然资源禀赋上的差异性和互补性而形成的资源合作；由经济合作区内各地区产业结构的互补性而形成的产业合作；铁路、公路、机场、港口、信息等基础设施一体化所构成的基础设施合作；最后是在谋求共赢的利益组合基础上，建立起开放、健全、有序的统一大市场。深圳在这一区域内的作用应定位在以下5个方面，即招商引资的窗口和桥梁、高新技术的研发中心和孵化器、重要物流平台与枢纽、重要资本市场、人才培训基地。  相似文献   

17.
In order to better understand the relationship between educational psychology research and educational reform, this essay reviews the development of educational psychology studies in the last 20 years in China. The study shows that: (1) Rapid development has been made in the areas of establishing discipline systems; (2) Research fields have been expanded and research directions have been localized; (3) The theoretical basis for quality education has been derived from education psychology studies; (4) The psychological foundation for curriculum reform and instruction has been implemented, and (5) China has committed to serve and expand current educational practices. __________ Translated from Psychological Science, 2005, 28(6)  相似文献   

18.

Objective

The aims of this study of predominately racial/ethnic minority children in foster care (N = 360, birth to 19 years old) in Los Angeles, CA were to examine the (1) prevalence of obesity (≥95 percentile) and overweight/obese (≥85 percentile) upon entrance to foster care (T1) and after 1 year in foster care (T2); (2) comparison of high weight categories to national statistics; (3) relationship of changes in weight status to age, reason for entry into foster care, and placement.

Methods

Chi-square test and McNemar test comparing paired proportions were used to determine whether there were significant changes in the proportion of high weight categories between T1 and T2. Chi-square test or Fisher's exact test were used to evaluate the association between age, placement, and reason for foster care with the change in weight category. Changes in weight were categorized as (1) decreased in weight, (2) remained at overweight or obese, (3) increased in weight, or (4) remained normal.

Results

The proportion of obese and obese/overweight children between ages 2 and 5 were significantly lower at T2 than T1. There were no significant changes in the prevalence of obesity for the total population at T2. Children age 6 or older had a higher prevalence of obesity and overweight/obesity compared to national statistics. Of children at all ages, 64.7% of children of all ages entered foster care with a normal weight and stayed in the normal range during their first year in foster care, 12.2% decreased their weight, 15.4% remained overweight or obese, and 7.7% increased their weight. Age and parental substance use was related to change in weight category from T1 to T2.

Conclusion

Children did not become more overweight or obese in foster care; however 28% of the children were obese or overweight upon entry into foster care. Children who are 6 years or older and obese upon entering foster care should be targeted for weight reduction. The pediatric community and child welfare system need to work together by including weight percentiles in the foster care file and training/monitoring child welfare caregivers in weight reduction interventions.  相似文献   

19.
Goat ovaries were collected from the slaughterhouse and categorized as right, left, corpus luteum （CL）-present and -absent group and evaluated on the basis of weight （g）, length （cm）, width （cm）, number of follicles, follicles aspirated and number and state ofcumulus-oocyte-complexes （COCs）. Comparatively higher weight [（0.66±0.02） vs （0.64±0.02） g], length [（1.17±0.02） vs （1.1 ±0.02） cm] and width [（0.77±0.02） vs （0.74±0.02） cm] were found in right ovaries than those of left. On the other hand significantly （P〈0.05） higher weight [（0.71±0.03） vs （0.64±0.01） g] and width [（0.76±0.03） vs （0.75±0.01） cm] were found in CL-present group than those of CL-absent group of ovaries. The left ovaries contained comparatively higher number of normal COCs [（1.06±0.09） per ovary] than fight ovaries [（1.03±0.10） per ovary] and the similar trend was found in total number of follicles [（4.51±0.25） vs （4.30±0.23） per ovary] and follicles aspirated [（2.55±0.14） vs （2.52±0.12） per ovary]. But the total COCs per ovary was almost similar in both ovaries [right and left： （1.85±0.12） and （1.85±0.11） per ovary, respectively]. Higher number of total COCs [（1.87±0.09） vs （1.76±0.16） per ovary], total number of follicles [（4.45±0.19） vs （4.16±0.37） per ovary], follicles aspirated [（2.55±0.10） vs （2.48±0.21） per ovary] and normal COCs [（1.12±0.07） vs （0.76±0.14） per ovary] were found in CL-absent group than those of CL-present group of ovaries.  相似文献   

20.
This article traces the evolution of special education in Malaysia across four chronological stages: before and during the early colonial period (before 1900), pre‐independence (1900–1957), post‐independence (1957–1990) and modern Malaysia (1990 to the present), through document analysis. By placing current issues and trends within a historical perspective, we can provide a context for understanding current practices in relation to shifts in policy paradigms. The effects of policy changes throughout the years are discussed in the context of issues facing special education today. Identifiable areas of improvements are organised into eight themes: (1) provision of education for students with special needs and the degree to which they are inclusive; (2) encouragement of diversity within highly structured education systems; (3) the importance of funding; (4) restructuring pre‐service teacher preparation; (5) multidisciplinary support and collaboration; (6) programme outcomes; (7) provision of related services; and (8) epidemiological data.  相似文献   

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