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1.
Gallbladder cancer has a poor outcome because of its anatomy and location. Often, the diagnosis is made very late due to its silent course. Post-operated cases do respond to chemotherapy but the survival is counted in months and the quality of life is further hampered due to toxicity of drugs. Immunotherapy holds good promise in non-responding cancers treated by conventional chemotherapeutic agents. Among various therapies, dendritic cell therapy is growing at rapid pace due to its acceptable rationale. It has been utilized in treating successfully resected stage Ill （T2, N1, M0） gallbladder cancer in one of our patients. A 48 years old lady treated with this therapy is free of metastasis with ten doses of autologous dendritic cell vaccine constructed by utilizing resected tumor lysate antigen. She has received ten doses of therapy in 14 months of her treatment. This therapy has proven to be safe and without apparent side effects. The positive clinical response obtained supports that autologous dendritic cell-based immunotherapy is a promising therapeutic approach for refractory gallbladder cancers. 相似文献
2.
Xinguo JIANG 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2014,15(1):1-15
Standard treatment options for breast cancer include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation, and targeted therapies, such as adjuvant hormonal therapy and monoclonal antibodies. Recently, the recognition that chronic inflammation in the tumor microenvironment promotes tumor growth and survival during different stages of breast cancer development has led to the development of novel immunotherapies. Several immunotherapeutic strategies have been studied both preclinically and clinically and already have been shown to enhance the efficacy of conven- tional treatment modalities. Therefore, therapies targeting the immune system may represent a promising next-generation approach for the treatment of breast cancers. This review will discuss recent findings that elucidate the roles of suppressive immune cells and proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines in the tumor-promoting microen- vironment, and the most current immunotherapeutic strategies in breast cancer. 相似文献
3.
On dendritic cell-based therapy for cancers 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Dendritic cells (DCs), the most prevalent antigen-presenting cell in vivo, had been widely characterized in the last three decades. DCs are present in almost all tissues of the body and play cardinal roles in recognition of microbial agents,autoantigens, allergens and alloantigen. DCs process the microbial agents or their antigens and migrate to lymphoid tissues to present the antigenic peptide to lymphocytes. This leads to activation of antigen-specific lymphocytes. Initially, it was assumed that DCs are principally involved in the induction and maintenance of adaptive immune responses, but now it is evident that DCs also have important roles in innate immunity. These features make DCs very good candidates for therapy against various pathological conditions including malignancies. Initially, DC-based therapy was used in animal models of cancers. Data from these studies inspired considerable optimism and DC-based therapies was started in human cancers 8 years ago. In general,DC-based therapy has been found to be safe in patients with cancers, although few controlled trials have been conducted in this regard. Because the fundamentals principles of human cancers and animal models of cancers are different, the therapeutic efficacy of the ongoing regime of DC-based therapy in cancer patients is not satisfactory. In this review, we covered the various aspects that should be considered for developing better regime of DC-based therapy for human cancers. 相似文献
4.
Objective: This study was aimed at evaluating and comparing the quality of life in patients who underwent laparo-scopic and open cholecystectomy for chronic cholecystolithiasis. Methods: The study included 25 patients with laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC group) and 26 with open cholecystectomy (OC group). The quality of life was measured with the Gastrointestinal Quality of Life Index (GLQI) preoperatively, thereafter regularly at 2, 5, 10 and 16 weeks after the operation. Results: The mean preoperative overall GLQI scores were 112.5 and 110.3 in LC and OC group respectively (P>0.05). In the LC group, the mean overall GLQI score reduced slightly to 110.0 two weeks after the operation (P>0.05). The LC group showed significant improvement in overall score and in the aspects of symptomatology, emotional and physiological status from 5 to 16 weeks postoperatively. In the OC group, the GLQI score reduced to 102.0 two weeks after surgery (P<0.05). Significant reductions were shown in the aspects of symptomatology, physiological and social status. The GLQI scores returned to the preoperative level of 115.6 ten weeks after the operation (P>0.05). The patients experienced significant improvements of GLQI sixteen weeks after OC operation (P<0.01-0.05). Within the 10 postoperative weeks, the LC group had significantly higher GLQI scores than the OC group (P<0.05). Conclusions: LC can improve the quality of life postoperatively better and more rapidly than OC. The assessment of quality of life assessment is a valid method for measuring the effects of surgical treatment. 相似文献
5.
Objective: This study was aimed at evaluating and comparing the quality of life in patients who underwent laparo-scopic and open cholecystectomy for chronic cholecystolithiasis. Methods: The study included 25 patients with laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC group) and 26 with open cholecystectomy (OC group). The quality of life was measured with the Gastrointestinal Quality of Life Index (GLQI) preoperatively, thereafter regularly at 2, 5, 10 and 16 weeks after the operation. Results: The mean preoperative overall GLQI scores were 112.5 and 110.3 in LC and OC group respectively (P>0.05). In the LC group, the mean overall GLQI score reduced slightly to 110.0 two weeks after the operation (P>0.05). The LC group showed significant improvement in overall score and in the aspects of symptomatology, emotional and physiological status from 5 to 16 weeks postoperatively. In the OC group, the GLQI score reduced to 102.0 two weeks after surgery (P<0.05). Significant reductions were shown in the aspects of symptomatology, physiological and social status. The GLQI scores returned to the preoperative level of 115.6 ten weeks after the operation (P>0.05). The patients experienced significant improvements of GLQI sixteen weeks after OC operation (P<0.01-0.05). Within the 10 postoperative weeks, the LC group had significantly higher GLQI scores than the OC group (P<0.05). Conclusions: LC can improve the quality of life postoperatively better and more rapidly than OC. The assessment of quality of life assessment is a valid method for measuring the effects of surgical treatment. 相似文献
6.
Bingyu SUN Yongqiang LIU Danhua HE Jinke LI Jiawei WANG Wulin WENS Ming HONG 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2021,22(3):190-203
The rapidly developing resistance of cancers to chemotherapy agents and the severe cytotoxicity of such agents to normal cells are major stumbling blocks in current cancer treatments.Most current chemotherapy agents have significant cytotoxicity,which leads to devastating adverse effects and results in a substandard quality of life,including increased daily morbidity and premature mortality.The death receptor of tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand(TRAIL)can sidestep p53-dependent pathways to induce tumor cell apoptosis without damaging most normal cells.However,various cancer cells can develop resistance to TRAIL-induced apoptosis via different pathways.Therefore,it is critical to find an efficient TRAIL sensitizer to reverse the resistance of tumor cells to TRAIL,and to reinforce TRAIL’s ability to induce tumor cell apoptosis.In recent years,traditional Chinese medicines and their active ingredients have shown great potential to trigger apoptotic cell death in TRAIL-resistant cancer cell lines.This review aims to collate information about Chinese medicines that can effectively reverse the resistance of tumor cells to TRAIL and enhance TRAIL’s ability to induce apoptosis.We explore the therapeutic potential of TRAIL and provide new ideas for the development of TRAIL therapy and the generation of new anticancer drugs for human cancer treatment.This study involved an extensive review of studies obtained from literature searches of electronic databases such as Google Scholar and PubMed."TRAIL sensitize"and"Chinese medicine"were the search keywords.We then isolated newly published studies on the mechanisms of TRAIL-induced apoptosis.The name of each plant was validated using certified databases such as The Plant List.This study indicates that TRAIL can be combined with different Chinese medicine components through intrinsic or extrinsic pathways to promote cancer cell apoptosis.It also demonstrates that the active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicines enhance the sensitivity of cancer cells to TRAIL-mediated apoptosis.This provides useful information regarding traditional Chinese medicine treatment,the development of TRAIL-based therapies,and the treatment of cancer. 相似文献
7.
Dendritic cells(DCs),the most prevalent antigen-presenting cell in vivo,had been widely characterized in the lastthree decades.DCs are present in almost all tissues of the body and play cardinal roles in recognition of microbial agents,autoantigens,allergens and alloantigen.DCs process the microbial agents or their antigens and migrate to lymphoid tissues topresent the antigenic peptide to lymphocytes.This leads to activation of antigen-specific lymphocytes.Initially,it was assumedthat DCs are principally involved in the induction and maintenance of adaptive immune responses,but now it is evident that DCsalso have important roles in innate immunity.These features make DCs very good candidates for therapy against variouspathological conditions including malignancies.Initially,DC-based therapy was used in animal models of cancers.Data fromthese studies inspired considerable optimism and DC-based therapies was started in human cancers 8 years ago.In general,DC-based therapy has been found to be safe in pati 相似文献
8.
Chen L Tian H Chen J He ZG Tao SF Lokesh G Peng SY 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2005,6(1):38-42
Objective: To observe the clinicopathological characteristics of gastric stump cancer (GSC) and evaluate the benefits of radical surgery of GSC. Methods: The clinicopathological characteristics and postoperative survival time of 37 GSC patients who underwent surgery were investigated retrospectively. The survival time was compared according to the type of surgical pTMN stage. Survival curves were traced by using Kaplan-Meier methods. Results: Most GSC (32/37) was detected in patients who had received Billroth Ⅱ reconstruction after partial gastrectomy for benign gastric disease. The lesser curvature side and the suture line of anastomosis were the most frequent sites where GSC occurred (27/37). Differentiated adenocarcinoma was the dominant histopathological type (24/37). The postoperative 5-year survival rate of early stage GSC patients (n=9) was significantly higher than advanced stage GSC (n=12) (55.6% vs 16.5%, xL2=1 1.48, P＜0.01). Five-year survival rate of 21 GSC patients with radical resection were 75% (3/4) for stage Ⅰ, 60% (3/5) for stage Ⅱ, 14.2% (1/7) for stage Ⅲ, and 0% (0/5) for stage Ⅳ respectively.The median survival time of 21 GSC patients who underwent radical resection was longer than those undergoing palliative operation (43.0m vs 13.0m, xL2=36.31, P＜0.01), the median survival time of stage Ⅳ patients with radical resection was 23.8months. Conclusions: Without remote metastasis, radical resection for GSC is possible, and is an effective way to improve the prognosis of GSC. Even in stage Ⅳ GSC, radical resection can still prolong the survival time. It is necessary for the patients with benign gastric diseases who received partial gastrectomy to carry out the endoscopy follow-up, especially in patients with Billroth Ⅱ reconstruction procedure at 15-20 years. 相似文献
9.
Congestive heart failure (CHF) has emerged as a major worldwide epidemic and its main causes seem to be the aging of the population and the survival of patients with post-myocardial infarction. Cardiomyocyte dropout (necrosis and apoptosis) plays a critical role in the progress of CHF; thus treatment of CHF by exogenous cell implantation will be a promising medical approach. In the acute phase of cardiac damage cardiac stem cells (CSCs) within the heart divide symmetrically and/or asym-metrically in response to the change of heart homeostasis, and at the same time homing of bone marrow stem cells (BMCs) to injured area is thought to occur, which not only reconstitutes CSC population to normal levels but also repairs the heart by dif-ferentiation into cardiac tissue. So far, basic studies by using potential sources such as BMCs and CSCs to treat animal CHF have shown improved ventricular remodelling and heart function. Recently, however, a few of randomized, double-blind, pla-cebo-controlled clinical trials demonstrated mixed results in heart failure with BMC therapy during acute myocardial infarction. 相似文献
10.
Cell therapy in congestive heart failure 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
Congestive heart failure （CHF） has emerged as a major worldwide epidemic and its main causes seem to be the aging of the population and the survival of patients with post-myocardial infarction. Cardiomyocyte dropout （necrosis and apoptosis） plays a critical role in the progress of CHF; thus treatment of CHF by exogenous cell implantation will be a promising medical approach. In the acute phase of cardiac damage cardiac stem cells （CSCs） within the heart divide symmetrically and/or asymmetrically in response to the change of heart homeostasis, and at the same time homing of bone marrow stem cells （BMCs） to injured area is thought to occur, which not only reconstitutes CSC population to normal levels but also repairs the heart by differentiation into cardiac tissue. So far, basic studies by using potential sources such as BMCs and CSCs to treat animat CHF have shown improved ventricular remodelling and heart function. Recently, however, a few of randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trials demonstrated mixed results in heart failure with BMC therapy during acute myocardial infarction. 相似文献
11.
INTRODUCTION With the enormous progress in tumor immu-nology,immunotherapy has reached an exciting phase in its evolution for the treatment of cancer(Hart,2005;Onji and Akbar,2005).Although an effective immunotherapeutic regimen has yet not been dem-onstrated in the clinical setting and the ultimate role of immunotherapy in the treatment of glioma is still unknown,the potential for immunotherapy as an adjunct to the current treatment of gliomas is now based on solid evidence(Yu et al.,20… 相似文献
12.
INTRODUCTION In cancer patients, tumor immunity is generally impaired. However, tumor immunity may occur in-vivo as circulating tumor-specific antibodies, with cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) having been identi- fied in cancer patients (Disis et al., 1997; Albert et al., 1998) suggesting that effective anti-tumor responses may be elicited through immunotherapeutic strategies. In recent years, a number of clinical trials have proved the safety and feasibility of using human dendritic cell… 相似文献
13.
炎性乳腺癌的诊断和治疗 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
[目的]:探索炎性乳腺癌的诊断和治疗.[方法]:10例经病理或细胞学检查确诊的炎性乳腺癌先给2~3个周期的CAF(阿霉素+环磷先胺+氟尿嘧啶)方案化疗,然后行总量的2/3量的乳腺及同侧腋窝的放射治疗,放疗结束后休息2周即行乳癌根治切除术,术后切口愈合后再给剩余1/3量的放射治疗,照射胸壁及同侧腋窝和锁骨上使放射总量达到60~70 Gy/野,在放疗前后穿插化疗(CAF)4个周期.[结果]:1例患者未完成治疗出院后1个月死亡.9例患者完成上述序惯治疗,全部病例乳腺红肿、高张消退,乳腺内肿块及同侧腋窝淋巴结明显缩小.手术切除标本检查有5例乳腺内找到癌灶,其中典型炎性癌1例、单纯癌2例、硬癌2例,4例乳腺组织内未找到癌灶.同侧腋窝淋巴结见癌转移7例,同侧锁骨上淋巴结见癌转移2例.生存时间1~28个月,中位生存时间12个月.[结论]:炎性乳腺癌通过序惯治疗可以提高治疗的有效性、延长生命,提高生存质量. 相似文献
14.
Yong-song Guan Yuan Liu Qing Zou Qing He Zi La Lin Yang Ying Hu 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2009,10(5):331-340
Objective: In the present study, we have examined the safety and efficacy of recombinant adenovirus encoding human p53 tumor suppressor gene (rAd-p53) injection in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in the combination with the therapy of bronchial arterial infusion (BAI). Methods: A total of 58 patients with advanced NSCLC were enrolled in a non-randomized, two-armed clinical trial. Of which, 19 received a combination treatment of BAI and rAd-p53 (the combo group), while the remaining 39 were treated with only BAI (the control group). Patients were followed up for 12 months, with safety and local response evaluated by the National Cancer Institute's Common Toxicity Criteria and response evaluation criteria in solid tumor (RECIST), respectively. Time to progression (TTP) and survival rates were also analyzed by Kaplan-Meier method. Results: In the combo group,19 patients received a total of 49 injections of rAd-p53 and 46 times of BAI, respectively, while 39 patients in the control group received a total of 113 times of BAI. The combination treatment was found to have less adverse events such as anorexia, nausea and emesis, pain, and leucopenia (P<0.05) but more arthralgia. fever, influenza-like symptom, and myalgia (P<0.05), compared with the control group. The overall response rates (complete response (CR)+partial response (PR)) were 47.3% and 38.4% for the combo group and the control group, respectively (P>0.05). Patients in the combo group had a longer TTP than those in the control group (a median 7.75 vs 5.5 months, P=0.018). However, the combination treatment did not lead to better survival, with survival rates at 3, 6, and 12 months in the combo group being 94.74%, 89.47%, and 52.63%, respectively, com-pared with 92.31%, 69.23%, and 38.83% in the control group (P=0.224). Conclusion: Our results show that the combination of rAd-p53 and BAI was well tolerated in patients with NSCLC and may have improved the quality of life and delayed the disease progression. A further study to better determine the efficacy of this combination therapy is warranted. 相似文献
15.
作者随访334例临床ⅠⅡ期乳癌,结果提示:临床ⅠⅡ期乳癌无论采用传统根治或改良根治术,其5、10年生存率无差别;但单纯改良根治术后5年复发率高于传统根治术;放疗加化疗确能提高手术后(特别是改良根治术后)5年生存率,降低5年内复发率;手术后早期放疗和/或化疗不能改善10年生存率,降低10年复发率。因此,作者认为术后无条件行化疗和放疗的乳癌患者,尽可能行传统乳癌根治术。并强调手术后特别是改良根治术后放疗加化疗的必要性。生存5年以上的患者应定期化疗,局部复发或有远处转移者应结合手术行再放疗以提高10年生存率,降低10年复发率。 相似文献
16.
Advanced primary peritoneal carcinoma： clinicopathological and prognostic factor analyses 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Objective: To investigate the factors favoring a positive prognosis for advanced primary peritoneal carcinoma (PPC). Methods: Twenty-four cases meeting the criteria for PPC were analyzed retrospectively for the clinicopathologic profiles. Immunohistochemistry was used to determine the expressions of p53, Top2α, Ki-67 and Her-2/neu. Then all these clinicopathological factors and molecular markers were correlated with the prognosis. Results: There were 15 cases of primary peritoneal serous papillary carcinoma (PPSPC), 6 cases of mixed epithelial carcinoma (MEC) and 3 cases of malignant mixed Mullerian tumor (MMMT). All patients underwent cytoreductive surgery with optimal debulking achieved in 3 cases. Among those receiving first-line chemotherapy, 13 patients received the TP regimen (paclitaxel-cisplatin or carboplatin) and 7 patients received the PAC regimen (cisplatin-doxorubicin-cyclophosphamide). The median overall survival of all patients was 42 months, while the breakdown for survival time for patients with PPSPC, MMT and MEC was 44, 13 and 19 months, respectively. The expressions of p53, Top2a and Ki-67 were all demonstrated in 11 cases respectively. None showed the expression of Her-2/neu. There were significant differences in the median survival between patients with PPSPC and those with MMMT (44 months vs 13 months, P<0.05), also between patients receiving TP combination and those receiving the PAC regimen (75 months vs 28 months, P<0.05). Another significant difference in the median progression-free survival (PFS) was identified between patients with positive p53 immunostaining and those with negative p53 immunostaining (15 months vs 47 months, P<0.05), whereas age, menopausal status, residual tumor size and the other molecular factors did not significantly impact survival. Conclusion: Patients with PPC should be treated with a comprehensive management plan including appropriate cytoreductive surgery and responsive chemotherapy. Overestimating an optimal debulking surgery may not benefit survival. The pathologic subtype, chemotherapy regimen and p53 overexpression were significant prognostic factors. 相似文献