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1.
Jeannette T. Crenshaw 《The Journal of perinatal education》2014,23(4):211-217
Mothers and babies have a physiologic need to be together at the moment of birth and during the hours and days that follow. Keeping mothers and babies together is a safe and healthy birth practice. Evidence supports immediate, uninterrupted skin-to-skin care after vaginal birth and during and after cesarean surgery for all stable mothers and babies, regardless of feeding preference. Unlimited opportunities for skin-to-skin care and breastfeeding promote optimal maternal and child outcomes. This article is an updated evidence-based review of the “Lamaze International Care Practices That Promote Normal Birth, Care Practice #6: No Separation of Mother and Baby, With Unlimited Opportunities for Breastfeeding,” published in The Journal of Perinatal Education, 16(3), 2007. 相似文献
2.
The current intervention study investigated the sustained effectiveness of phonological awareness training on the reading development of 16 children in French immersion who were identified as at-risk readers based on grade 1 English measures. The intervention program provided children from three cohorts with supplemental reading in small groups on a withdrawal basis. Children in the experimental group (n = 5) received English phonological awareness training in combination with letter-sound correspondence instruction twice per week for 18 consecutive weeks, while those in the control condition (n = 7) engaged in English vocabulary-building activities. Significant gains were made after the training and maintained for 2 years on both French phonological awareness and French word reading skills for the experimental group. Results suggest that a phonologically based intervention in English can effectively address phonological awareness deficits and facilitate reading acquisition for French immersion children who may be at-risk for later reading difficulties. 相似文献
3.
《Early childhood research quarterly》2006,21(3):296-312
This study of 231 regulated family child care providers proposed a theoretical model to explore the effects on quality of: (1) provider level of general education; (2) provider degree of intentionality; (3) provider training and experience in family child care; (4) provider use of support services; and (5) provider work environment. Hierarchical linear regressions confirmed the predictive power of the provider's degree of intentionality, level of education in early childhood education or a related discipline and use of support services. All these variables had a positive relationship with quality as measured by the Family Day Care Rating Scale (FDCRS). Higher level of general education in any field was a predictor until a college or university credential in ECE or a related discipline was included in the model. None of family child care training, length of experience as a provider, or any of the variables in the work environment block emerged as predictors. The data also supported the proposed associations between intentionality and the use of support services, training and the use of both support services and the work environment, and the use of support services and the work environment. While not totally supported by the data, the proposed theoretical model has value as a framework for further research. The findings are discussed in terms of their implications for governments. 相似文献
4.
学习体验是高职创业课程有效性评价的重要内容。从学习沉浸体验、学习关系体验、学习获得体验与学习活动体验四个维度编制高职创业课程学习体验量表,并采用该量表对1204名高职学生进行调查,结果发现:当前高职学生创业课程学习体验总体水平处于中等偏上,仍有较大改进空间。其中,学习关系体验最佳,学习沉浸体验最差;学习体验与创业实践、创业自我效能感之间存在正向预测关系。依据研究结果,高职创业课程模式应由知识驱动转向实践驱动、学习方式由传授式变向沉浸式、评价指标由学业结果延向学习体验、课程资源由课堂支持走向社会支持。 相似文献
5.
Teachers play a crucial role in attaining a major objective of higher education: fostering students’ critical thinking (CT). Yet, little is known about how to foster teachers’ own CT-skills and attitudes towards teaching CT. In a quasi-experimental study (N = 54), we investigated whether a three-session teacher training on (teaching) CT (n = 32) positively affected higher education teachers’ CT-skills and their attitudes towards teaching CT compared to a control condition (n = 22). The training consisted of explicit instruction on common reasoning biases combined with assignments focused on the teaching practice. Results showed that the training improved teachers’ performance on trained but not on novel CT-tasks. Also teachers’ ability to detect biases in a written student product improved; however, despite a small improvement, they still had difficulties in correctly explaining those biases. Possibly due to ceiling effects the training did not affect perceived relevance of teaching CT. Finally, perceived competence in teaching CT decreased temporarily after the first training session but this negative effect disappeared after the final third session. Future research should investigate ways to promote teachers’ ability to transfer trained skills to other CT-tasks, their ability provide feedback on students’ reasoning (i.e., bias explanation), and their attitudes towards teaching CT. 相似文献
6.
《Teaching and Teacher Education》1995,11(2):149-161
This study examined preservice teachers' (N = 73) attitudes about and awareness of aspects of multicultural teaching and learning. Subjects provided background information and responded to 43 statements about multicultural education. Results indicate that most respondents are aware of many issues related to multicultural education and anticipate having culturally diverse students in their classrooms. While aware of the need to be able to work with students from diverse cultures, teacher education students are undecided as to just how well their teacher preparation has developed their abilities to teach children from cultural and religious backgrounds that differ from their own, or to communicate with children and families from diverse backgrounds. The authors recommend that teacher training programs address both theory and practice in multicultural education throughout the curriculum in a comprehensive, long-term manner, so that students can acquire the knowledge and confidence necessary to deal with multicultural issues in education with intelligence, professionalism, and understanding. 相似文献
7.
This article presents the starting case for applying the elements of trauma-informed care (TIC) to education and outlines the authors’ initial efforts to develop guidelines for what they call trauma-informed educational practice. To this end, the article starts with a literature review related to the potential for vicarious traumatization and retraumatization among students in clinical training, followed by a discussion of the TIC framework and past efforts to be trauma sensitive in social work education. The authors then describe what drew them to this perspective and inspired them to apply it to educational practice. They then present guidelines for implementing the trauma-informed principle of safety in the classroom in several domains. 相似文献
8.
This paper presents a case for attending to preservice teachers’ beliefs that are relevant to the moral work of teaching within teacher education research and practice, and examines what it would look like to do so. The case for attending to candidate beliefs is grounded in a learner-centered approach to teacher education and in the literature on the role of beliefs in teacher learning and change. The authors demonstrate how attending to preservice teacher beliefs is particularly critical for the task of preparing candidates for the moral work of teaching, and present a conceptual framework that can guide that task and teacher education research and practice designed to support it. 相似文献
9.
Petra Hetfleisch Dr. Annika Goeze Prof. Dr. Josef Schrader 《Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft》2014,17(2):297-322
There is growing interest in evidence-based interventions that can improve student teachers’ professional development. But how can these interventions be implemented into everyday teacher education practice by teacher educators themselves—without losing their initial, lab-tested effectiveness due to teacher educators’ practical educational autonomy? Through a quasi-experimental field study the following question is investigated: What is the impact of different degrees of educational autonomy (low/middle/high) that 19 teacher educators are granted while implementing an experimentally proven concept into their teacher training courses on the development of the competence to diagnose classroom situations among 261 student teachers? ANCOVAs using planned contrasts indicate that the effectiveness of the concept can be sustained in ‘the real world’ of teacher education practice, even if practitioners—no longer researchers—are responsible for the concept realization; thereby, the highest increase in student teachers’ competence occurred when low educational autonomy was granted, i.e., the concept was implemented closely to the original. 相似文献
10.
Catie McNamara 《Pastoral Care in Education》2013,31(2):16-20
The study reported in this paper was undertaken to discover the extent of pastoral care training carried out during secondary initial teacher education. Questionnaires were sent to heads of initial teacher education institutions in England and Wales. It was found that institutions were likely to provide some form of training in pastoral care but the extent and method of training varied greatly between institutions. However, training in actual practical skills such as basic counselling skills was much less likely to be available. The authors conclude that there is still some considerable way to go before newly qualified teachers are likely to feel adequately prepared for their pastoral roles. 相似文献
11.
Children residing in long-term out-of-home care have high rates of clinical-level mental health difficulties. However, the stability of these children’s difficulties throughout their time in care is uncertain. This paper reports estimates of the seven- to nine-year stability of carer-reported scores on the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and Assessment Checklists for Children (ACC) and Adolescents (ACA) for 85 children in long-term foster or kinship care. Prospective score changes on the CBCL total problems and ACC-ACA shared-item scales were assigned to one of four change groups: ‘sustained mental health’; ‘meaningful improvement’; ‘no meaningful change’; and ‘meaningful deterioration’. On each of the two measures, more than 60% of children manifested either sustained mental health or meaningful improvement in their mental health, while less than a quarter showed meaningful deterioration. Mean mental health scores for the aggregate sample did not change over the 7–9 year period. Findings discount the presence of a uniform, population-wide effect—suggesting instead, that children’s mental health follows several distinct trajectories. Rather than asking whether long-term care is generally therapeutic or harmful for the development of previously maltreated children, future investigations should focus on the questions “…what are the systemic and interpersonal characteristics of care that promote and sustain children’s psychological development throughout childhood, and what characteristics are developmentally harmful?” and “…for which children is care therapeutic, and for which children is it not?” 相似文献
12.
Despite growing initiatives to support patient-centered labor and birth care, implementation of this care in the operating room is still limited. Doulas can be utilized in the operating room to facilitate evidence-based practices such as skin-to-skin contact for patients and newborns during cesarean birth. This article evaluates a curriculum and training method that was developed to educate doulas to provide safe and effective care during the cesarean birth experience. This intervention was found to be effective at improving doulas'' self-perceived confidence in skills essential to support cesarean births and may serve as a model for other institutions to address barriers to the implementation of patient-centered evidence-based care in the operating room. 相似文献
13.
David George Jeff Clewett Colin Birch Anthony Wright Wendy Allen 《Environmental Education Research》2009,15(4):417-441
There are few professional development courses in Australia for the rural sector concerned with climate variability, climate change and sustainable agriculture. The lack of educators with a sound technical background in climate science and its applications in agriculture prevents the delivery of courses either stand‐alone or embedded in other courses, and adversely affects the ability of graduating students to apply climate information. This paper presents evidence from a professional development climate course with 20 professional educators and consultants and results from: surveys at the training workshop; from a questionnaire 12 months post‐workshop; and a combined interview and survey two years post‐workshop. The key finding was that professional development courses specifically addressing climate are essential, while topics should include climate and weather, the impacts of climate on agricultural systems, strategic thinking and planning options available for business. A project undertaken by professionals delivering climate education helped to improve their skills and confidence to deliver other stand‐alone climate courses or to embed climate in existing courses. The paper proposes that a suitable resource manual should be ‘problem‐based’ in its design to allow for a broad range of geographic climates, and should address a wide range of agricultural enterprises including livestock production, horticulture and cropping. The authors also propose ways to introduce and integrate applied climate knowledge and skills into the wider community. Possible progress for inter‐disciplinary education and the implications from enhancing learning about climate for sustainable agriculture are discussed. 相似文献
14.
An indigenous and migrant critique of principles and innovation in education in Aotearoa/New Zealand
Mere K��pa Linit�� Manu��atu 《International Review of Education/Internationale Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft/Revue internationale l'éducation》2011,57(5-6):617-630
This paper questions notions of individualism underpinning technocratic approaches to education that marginalise indigenous and migrant peoples?? knowledges in tertiary education. Focusing on New Zealand (Aotearoa) with its colonial and immigrant history, its M??ori and Pacific Islander citizens, the authors ask whether education, as its process is being communicated there, leaves indigenous and migrant people vulnerable and marginalised in the dominant, English-speaking, New Zealand European (P??keh??) mainstream society. The question is whether education refers to capacity-building and strengthening the potential of marginalised students?? language and culture; or whether it is only geared towards sustaining English-language ascendancy and technical virtuosity. Taking on board the cultural heritage of Pacific Islanders (Pasifika) resident in New Zealand, a new teacher training diploma was introduced by the Auckland University of Technology in 2004. Both authors are involved in the panel meetings (Fono) where the papers presented during the diploma course are evaluated. 相似文献
15.
近年来,我国学者倡导的"健康中国,健康人文",以及"生物—心理—社会"医学模式都对医务工作者的人文素养提出了更高的要求。临床医学生是未来临床实践的主力军,而临床本科实习阶段是医学生转换身份成为医生的关键时期。因此,在临床教学中融入人文关怀教育、提高临床医学生的人文关怀能力、培养科学与人文精神兼备的高层次医学人才是当代医学发展的主旋律。然而,我国"重医学、轻人文"的现象比比皆是,因此,应该重视人文关怀在医学行为中的重要作用。就如何在临床教学中培养临床医学生的人文关怀意识,提高临床医学生的人文关怀能力展开探讨,旨在提升临床医学生的人文素质。 相似文献
16.
High school students (n=45) participated in a 5-day research immersion study on juvenile scalloped hammerhead sharks in Kaneohe Bay, Oahu, Hawaii.
Self-surveys were used to evaluate scientific concepts and skills taught during the program. There was a significant shift
in students' perceived level of understanding for all categories of concepts and skills. A month following the immersion,
a subset of participants (n=9) was given the opportunity to communicate what they had learned to a small group of professional science teachers. A second
set of surveys were used to evaluate whether the students had retained knowledge from the 5-day immersion well enough to communicate
information to others. During this follow-up, students were able to recall knowledge and demonstrate skills even without a
review session. Students reported that they had a good understanding of what they were teaching and were able to teach effectively
79% of the time. Independently, the teachers also rated the students' effectiveness at 79%. The similarity between the teacher
and student responses is evidence that the high school students were capable of accurate self-evaluations, validating the
positive shift in concepts and skills documented by self-surveys. The lasting impact of the 5-day immersion provides support
for experiential and constructivist teaching. 相似文献
17.
失地农民教育培训的基本内容与政策取向 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
把失地农民变成城镇市民,农业劳动者转变为具备多项技能的技术人员、管理人员、营销人员等,是失地农民教育培训的基本目标;搞好基础性与实用性、一般技能培训与高级及特殊技能培训、理论与实践、生产与生活、思想道德教育与法律知识教育等方面的有机结合,是失地农民教育培训的基本原则;应从专业技能教育培训和基本技能教育培训两个方面来构建失地农民教育培训内容体系;职业技能培训、创业与就业教育是失地农民专业技能教育培训的基本内容;心理咨询与角色转换教育、职业道德与诚信教育是失地农民基本技能教育培训的基本内容。 相似文献
18.
陈李剑 《宁波教育学院学报》2014,(4):26-28
随着我国对外贸易的发展和高等教育教学目标的转变,以教师为中心的传统的教学模式需要转变为以学生为中心的新的教学模式。"师生共讲"模式在成人教育《国际贸易地理》课程教学中的探索和实践,实现教学相长,提高学生的理论应用能力和实际解决问题的能力,有利于成教国际贸易专业人才培养目标的实现。 相似文献
19.
Hayley Cleave Philip Carey Patricia Norris Patricia Sloper David While & Anne Charlton 《Pastoral Care in Education》1997,15(2):16-21
The study reported in this paper was undertaken to discover the extent of pastoral care training carried out during secondary initial teacher education. Questionnaires were sent to heads of initial teacher education institutions in England and Wales. It was found that institutions were likely to provide some form of training in pastoral care but the extent and method of training varied greatly between institutions. However, training in actual practical skills such as basic counselling skills was much less likely to be available. The authors conclude that there is still some considerable way to go before newly qualified teachers are likely to feel adequately prepared for their pastoral roles. 相似文献
20.
工科大学生工程实践能力的培养研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
现代工程的综合化和复杂化对工程技术人才的素质不断提出更新、更高的要求,在工程教育的人才培养模式中,如何处理好理论与实践、知识与能力、创新素质培养的问题以培养满足工程实践需要的专业人才,已成为高校和社会关注的焦点。本文以湖北汽车工业学院为例,紧紧抓住工程实践能力培养的核心要素,对人才培养模式进行了一系列的探索与改革,形成了一套理论课程与实践课程相对独立、理论教学与实践教学同步推进、校内实验基地与工厂实验基地相结合、实际工程背景平台与情景教育平台互相融合、产学合作、教育与生产实践密切结合的人才培养模式。 相似文献