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Yesterday evening, I went to see a play. It was really significant. It was about Zheng Xiaoyue, a very clever and diligent middle school student. Unfortunately , her mother died when she and her brother were very young. Her father was out of work and, worse luck, was seriously ill. She was studying at school, and her little brother Zheng Xiaogang was also studying at school like her. The two poor children had to work while studying so that they could afford the tuition and their father's medical costs. The father was becoming from bad to worse, and they had to pay more money. However,they were too young to 相似文献
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Steven A. Stolz 《Educational Philosophy and Theory》2017,49(4):379-390
AbstractThis article argues that assessment is a central feature of teaching, particularly as a means to determine whether what has been taught has been learnt. However, I take issue with the current trend in education which places a significant amount of emphasis upon large-scale public testing, which in turn has exacerbated the ‘teaching-to-the-test’ syndrome, not to mention distorting teaching decisions that are detrimental to the overall development of student knowledge and understanding. Part of the problem with assessment in education seems to revolve around the nature of knowledge and how best to assess human knowledge and understanding. Although much philosophical uncertainty and disagreement exists surrounding the nature of knowledge, I argue that coming to know something is a sine qua non of any education. In saying this, I highlight the limits of assessment by demonstrating how certain activities are resistant to large-scale public testing because they are not easily reducible to facts which can be tested for, or at least in the same way as propositional forms of knowledge. Consequently, my argument is a philosophical one to the effect that assessment, particularly large-scale public testing is incapable of assessing all forms of learning, or even the quality of student understanding because the instruments available are both too blunt and tend to capture a certain kind of knowledge that privileges theory over practice, and mental skills over physical skills. 相似文献
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《Adolescence education newsletter》1998,1(1):12-13
Adolescent reproductive health program promotion in Asia and Oceania has been hindered by a lack of appreciation on the part of parents, educators, policy makers, and development planners of the benefits of sex education. Concerns persist that sex education encourages adolescent promiscuity. However, a World Health Organization review of 1050 studies on sex education failed to provide any support for this position. In fact, the research shows that sex education can actually help to delay first intercourse among teens who are not already sexually active and promotes consistent contraceptive use among those who are sexually active. A comprehensive literature review commissioned by the US Agency for International Development as well as a US Centers for Disease Control study corroborated this finding. Cross-national comparisons have indicated adolescent pregnancy rates are lower in countries with liberal policies in terms of sex education programs and the provision of adolescent sexual health services. 相似文献
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Jerold S. Laguilles Elizabeth A. Williams Daniel B. Saunders 《Research in higher education》2011,52(5):537-553
Institutions of higher education rely on student surveys for a number of purposes, including planning, assessment, and research.
Web surveys are especially prevalent given their ease of use and low-cost; yet, obtaining a high response rate is a challenge.
Although researchers have investigated the use of incentives in traditional mail surveys, studies investigating the impact
of lottery incentives on web survey response rates are limited. In this study, four separate web survey experiments were conducted
to measure the effectiveness of lottery-based incentives in a college student population in the United States. Findings reveal
that the lottery incentives not only positively impacted response rates but also exerted differential effects by gender. The
results have practical implications for higher education researchers who conduct web surveys of college students. 相似文献
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Literature in the field of information technology in educations in full of references to “no significant differences” findings from studies on the efficacy of technology integration. These findings may be due factors such as flawed assessment procedures, widely varying definitions of technology integration, and research design problems. The current special issue focuses on the development and use of reliable and valid instruments and procedures to access technology integration. This editorial reviews the concepts of reliability and validity, and summarizes assessment methods presented in the articles in this special issue. 相似文献
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Joy A. Palmer Jennifer Suggate Barbara Bajd Elissavet Tsaliki 《Environmental Education Research》1998,4(4):429-444
This article provides an overview and discussion of the relative importance of various categories of significant influences and formative life experiences on the development of environmental educators’ knowledge of and concern for the environment. A previous article in this journal (Palmer & Suggate, 1996) presents relevant findings deriving from the UK and analyses the ways in which the importance of influences may change through time or be affected by the subject's age. Here, the team of international authors presents data from three European countries and engages in both location‐specific and cross‐cultural comparative analysis. 相似文献
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This paper presents an illustration of how the regression‐discontinuity design can be used to obtain an unbiased estimate of the causal effect of participating in a university remedial English program on first‐year grade point average. First‐year grade point averages were collected for 197 first‐time, full‐time university students, along with the scores they received on an English placement examination, and a measure of remedial program assignment. Regression discontinuities indicate that first‐year grade point averages were approximately 0.392 points higher for students who participated in a remedial English program as compared to equivalent students who did not participate in the remedial program. We also present various threats to validity and limitations of the regression‐discontinuity design. 相似文献
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Lessons Learned: Findings from MIT Initiatives in Educational Technology (2000–2005) 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
Lori Breslow 《Journal of Science Education and Technology》2007,16(4):283-297
Since 1999, MIT has undertaken an extensive effort in creating and implementing educational technology. Broadly speaking,
there have been two kinds of efforts: developing web-based services for higher education and creating educational technology
applications for use in the classroom. This article reviews a group of projects that produced educational technology applications
for use in the classroom or for classroom-based activities and were assessed by educational researchers in the Teaching and
Learning Laboratory (TLL). From those in depth studies, as well as less extensive involvement with a half dozen more initiatives,
we draw three major findings on the role and impact of educational technologies as they were developed and used at MIT over
6 years: (1) the most successful educational technologies meet a specific instructional need that has been unmet or poorly
met by traditional media; (2) too much technology or technology that does not work well can be detrimental; and (3) there
are important relationships between the technologies and the learning environments in which they operate.
相似文献
| Lori BreslowEmail: |
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Roger D. Phillips Rebecca L. Gorton Patricia Pinciotti Anuradha Sachdev 《Early Childhood Education Journal》2010,38(2):111-122
An approach to early childhood education that integrates visual and performing arts throughout the preschool curriculum—Art as a Way of Learning—was implemented in a program (Promoting and Supporting Early Literacy through the Arts) designed to improve the emergent
literacy and school readiness of at-risk young children in community-based preschool settings. A quasi-experimental pre-post
treatment-only design was used to explore this program’s potential effects in a real-world setting. Preliminary results revealed
improvements in young children’s emergent literacy on a number of targeted and standardized measures after participation in
the program. This arts-integrated approach to the teaching of and learning in young children shows considerable promise and
warrants a rigorous test of its effects. 相似文献
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Hongli Li 《Assessment in Education: Principles, Policy & Practice》2016,23(4):473-494
Drawing on the programme for international student assessment 2009 US data-set, this study examines the relationship between formative assessment and students’ reading achievement using a structural equation modelling approach. We find that formative assessment is positively related to students’ reading achievement directly and indirectly (through teacher–student relationship and attitude towards reading) for all students. The direct relationship between formative assessment and reading achievement is significantly stronger for Black students than for White students, whether or not student socio-economic status (SES), gender and school mean SES are controlled for. The total relationship (the direct plus the indirect relationship) between formative assessment and reading achievement also appears to be stronger for Black students than for White students; however, the difference is not statistically significant whether or not we control for covariates. No significant difference is found between White and Hispanic students in terms of the direct and the total relationship between formative assessment and reading achievement. Using a nationally representative data-set, this study provides empirical evidence that formative assessment is positively related to students’ reading achievement in general. In addition, this study provides preliminary evidence to show the potential of formative assessment to help reduce achievement gaps between Black and White students. The implications and limitations of the study are also discussed. 相似文献
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Xiaoyan Zhao Marja Van den Heuvel-Panhuizen Michiel Veldhuis 《International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education》2018,16(7):1387-1407
This study investigated Chinese primary school mathematics teachers’ views on assessment in an effort to determine their assessment profiles. A large-scale questionnaire survey with 1101 teachers from 12 Chinese provinces and regions was carried out. The teachers reported to use assessment on a daily or weekly basis for different purposes. They recognized the importance of assessing different types of skills and knowledge and considered assessment useful for improving teaching and learning. To determine teachers’ assessment profiles, we used several latent variable modeling techniques. With exploratory factor analyses, we identified eight factors in the teachers’ responses: general instructional decision-making assessment purposes [1], specific instructional decision-making assessment purposes [2], assessment methods [3], diversity of assessment problem format [4], importance of assessing skills and knowledge [5], importance of assessing extra-curricular skills [6], Perceived usefulness [7], and acceptance of assessment [8]. When these factors were used to interpret the results of a latent class analysis, three distinct assessment profiles could be distinguished. One fifth of the teachers were in the Enthusiastic assessors profile. These teachers not only reported to use assessment frequently [3, 4] and purposefully [1, 2], but also highly endorsed its importance [5, 6] and usefulness [7, 8]. Around half of the teachers were in the Mainstream assessors profile; these teachers scored close to the mean on all factors. The remaining teachers held the relatively negative views on assessment and were therefore in the Unenthusiastic assessors profile. This profile characterization sheds light on Chinese primary school mathematics teachers’ assessment culture. 相似文献
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《Journal of Education & Work》2012,25(2):79-89
Abstract This paper discusses the benefits of industrial links to both the business community and initial teacher education and looks at how the industrialist's role has been perceived by writers. A fresh analysis based upon this evidence is set out, the determinants of this role are examined and a model for institutional development is suggested. 相似文献
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Joy A. Palmer Jennifer Suggate Barbara Bajd Paul Hart K.P. Roger K.P. Ho J.K.W. Ofwono‐Orecho 《Environmental Education Research》1998,4(4):445-464
This article, like the preceding one in this special issue of the journal, examines the relative importance of various categories of influence and formative life experiences on the development of environmental educators’ knowledge of and concern for the environment. It provides an overview of data deriving from nine countries (Australia, Canada, Greece, Hong Kong, Slovenia, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Uganda, UK) and highlights global similarities and differences. 相似文献
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Eeva Pyörälä Laura Hirsto Auli Toom Liisa Myyry Sari Lindblom-Ylänne 《International Journal for Academic Development》2015,20(2):150-162
The University of Helsinki established a Teachers’ Academy to reward excellence in teaching. This study focuses on teachers’ significant networks and their meaningful conversations about teaching and learning before the establishment of the Teachers’ Academy. The research data consisted of answers to open-ended questions, and were examined using social network analysis. The teachers’ network consisted of significant relations with (1) colleagues and other teachers, (2) peers in pedagogical courses and pedagogical experts, (3) students, and (4) family members and friends. The conversations with different parties varied in nature, content and the level of confidentiality. 相似文献
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This research solicited the views of criminology and criminal justice scholars regarding the most significant books in the field. Overall, the research found that the work of early theorists such as Beccaria and Lombroso were considered among the classic works in the discipline. Scholars associated with the Chicago School of Sociology (Sutherland, Shaw, and McKay) also produced books that received considerable nominations. In more recent times, books devoted to social control theory received the most nominations. In general, the research contributed to the nearly three decade‐long attempt to identify the key publications in the field. 相似文献
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The translation of an instrument from one language to another is a challenging yet useful procedure, especially for constructs not widely studied in the target language. Culture shock is one such construct. The Culture Shock Questionnaire （CSQ） developed in England was translated to Turkish. Translation/back translation with 12 translators, the committee approach, and empirical testing in the university student population were the techniques employed. The results support CSQ as a potential instrument in the Turkish language as well as suggest that challenges in the translation of a research instrument, like challenges in the translation of other texts, involve serious dilemmas about the extent of loyalty to the original instrument. The current study recommends the use of multiple techniques in translation and reports on committee decisions in detail. 相似文献