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1.
独生子女家庭的亲子关系 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
根据对30名独生子女父母的随机调查,结合临床经验,探讨独生子女家庭的亲子关系特点。认为聚集性关注是独生子女父母与非独生子女父母与孩子关系的主要区别,分析了聚焦性关注的影响因素,以及聚焦性关注的后果。为促进独生子女心理健康,独生子女的亲子关系问题值得关注和研究。 相似文献
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《陕西教育学院学报》2019,(11):94-98
采用赵婷婷等人修订的《亲子关系调查问卷》和Spence学前儿童焦虑量表,对沈阳市、辽阳市、郑州市三座城市的普通幼儿园344名小班幼儿的亲子关系与其焦虑的关系进行了调查测量研究,主要发现:1)小班幼儿亲子关系发展不存在显著的性别差异;而独生子女和非独生子女在亲子关系中亲密性这一维度上呈显著性差异,即独生子女的得分较高。2)幼儿焦虑中的分离焦虑这一维度存在着显著的性别差异,即女孩得分显著高于男孩;独生子女与非独生子女在强迫冲动障碍这一维度上呈显著性差异,即独生子女得分较高。3)亲子关系中要求性、反应性和亲密性因子与幼儿焦虑总分呈显著相关,其亲密性对幼儿焦虑有极其显著的正向预测作用。 相似文献
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刘振聪 《中小学心理健康教育》2016,(11):4-7
良好的亲子关系是青少年身心健康成长的重要条件之一.自我国在1979年实行计划生育以来,独生子女家庭的亲子关系成为心理学家与社会学家们重点关注的领域之一.本文从独生子女家庭亲子抚养关系、教养关系、亲情关系、影响因素、评价量表及研究不足这六个方面进行了综述,并对独生子女家庭亲子关系与青少年的心理健康、人生观的影响研究进行了整理和总结,以使独生子女家庭的父母掌握良好的亲子沟通方式,促进家庭和睦. 相似文献
5.
论亲子关系对儿童心理发展的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
亲子关系原是遗传学中的用语，是指亲代和子代之间的生物血缘关系，在心理学中是指父母与子女之间的相互关系。作为一种血缘近亲，天然的骨肉联系使亲子双方产生天然的感情依恋。因此，对儿童来说亲子关系是他们最早建立的，也是：最亲密的人际关系。特别是在当代中国，独生子女在儿童中占有相当的比例，在独生子女家庭中亲子互动是孩子在家庭中与他人交往的唯一方式，这更加重了父母与孩子之间的心理依恋。所以。亲子关系是子女健康成长过程中的极为重要的因素。对儿童的心理发展有着重要意义。 相似文献
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论转型时期亲子关系的转变 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
范中杰 《四川师范大学学报(社会科学版)》2001,28(4):81-87
转型时期亲子之间在认识、情感、行为等方面存在较多的矛盾与冲突，亲子关系呈现较明显的不良发展态势。导致亲子关系不良的主要原因在于社会转型对亲子关系优化的冲击、传统子女教养观念对亲子关系现代化的制约以及父母缺乏科学的家庭教育素养。当社会的发展趋向人本化、民主化、高新技术化、可持续发展化、多元化时，新型的亲子关系应该是人本的、互动的、询导的亲子关系。建立新型的亲子关系应该做到：（1）转变观念，树立科学的儿童观；（2）开设家长学校，优化家长的知识与能力结构；（3）建立各类咨询与辅导机构，加强对亲子关系形成的指导；（4）引导儿童，学会“理解父母”。 相似文献
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随着第一代独生子女慢慢长大，他们开始承担起婚姻、家庭、养育孩子等方面的责任。“独生子女养育独生子女”的现象，便渐渐浮出水面，成为人们日益关心的话题。对这一问题的关注，本质上来源于对独生子女成长的忧虑：独生子女自身在成长过程中存在一些问题，一旦他们成为教养者，情形又会怎样？心理学家认为，人生早期亲子关系的特点会持续影响一生。父性、母性特征可以通过遗传或学习在下一代中得到反映与体现，即儿时对父母养育态度与方式的感受，会潜移默化地成为自己抚育下一代的参照。这是一种传承，体现出养育方式的世代延续与文化特… 相似文献
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亲子关系是指双亲与子女之间的关系。亲子关系中主要是母子关系。在我国,现代家庭里,独生子女在家庭中没有同龄人的关系,加之现代家庭多为核心家庭,即只有父母和孩子两代人的家庭,孩子除了父母外,没有和其他成人直接的人际关系,亲子关系几乎是儿童全部的人际关系,因此亲子关系对儿童的成长影响最大。亲子关系是双方的关系。感情交流不只是婴幼儿的需要,也是双亲的需要。从孩子方面说,感情交流既是交往的手段,也是 相似文献
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2.在独生子女家庭的亲子关系上存在的问题首先,由于大多数独生子女家庭都是核心家庭,家庭关系相对简单化。而道德是社会关系的必然产物,丰富、复杂的社会关系有利于个体道德的发展。家庭关系的相对简单化,削弱了独生子女对道德的渴求,客观上不利于独生子女道德情感、道德能力的发展。其次,市场经济和多种媒体的发展冲击了传统的家庭关系,使亲子之间交流的 相似文献
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The present study examined the concurrent contributions of parent–child and teacher–child relationship quality to Turkish children’s antisocial behaviour, with a specific focus on the moderating role of teacher–child relationships (closeness and conflict) on parent–child relationships when predicting antisocial behaviour. Participants were 94 children (56 boys) with mean age of 7.05 years (SD = .88) enrolled in 24 classrooms from five elementary schools in a suburban school district in Turkey. Mothers reported on their relationship with children and teachers reported on their relationships with children as well as children’s antisocial behaviour. SAS PROC MIXED was used to test hierarchical regression models of children nested within classrooms. Results showed that teacher–child conflict moderated the association between parent–child conflict and children’s antisocial behaviour. Such that, higher parent–child conflict was related to higher levels of antisocial behaviour at the context of higher levels of teacher–child conflict. In addition, teacher–child closeness also moderated the association between parent–child conflict and children’s antisocial behaviour. Such that when teacher–child closeness was at average or high levels, lower levels of parent–child conflict was related to lower levels of antisocial behaviour. Teacher–child conflict was positively associated with children’s antisocial behaviour. Limitations and future directions of the current study are discussed. 相似文献
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Fraide A. Ganotice Jr. Kevin Downing Teresa Mak Barbara Chan Wai Yip Lee 《Educational studies》2017,43(1):51-66
Dialogic reading (DR) has been identified as an effective strategy for enhancing children’s literacy skills in Western and Asian contexts. Given that storytelling is a shared experience between adults and children, parent–child relationships is hypothesised to be enhanced by DR. Despite this possibility, there has been no systematic attempt to examine the possible impacts of DR on the parent–child relationship. This study bridges this gap in the literature by studying the relationship between adults and children before and after training in the practice of dialogic reading techniques. Forty-eight Cantonese-speaking parents with children aged between 3 and 12 were recruited from schools. They were assessed prior to and after undergoing a four-hour dialogic reading training programme with a two-hour follow-up session using the Parent–Child Relationship Inventory. The results of this study suggest that DR has considerable potential for improving parent–child relationships. The findings are discussed in relation to the situation of Chinese learners in the Hong Kong context. 相似文献
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Neil B. Guterman Jiyoung K. Tabone George M. Bryan Catherine A. Taylor Cynthia Napoleon-Hanger Aaron Banman 《Child abuse & neglect》2013
Objective
This study set out to carry out a feasible, real-world, randomized clinical trial to examine the benefits of home-based paraprofessional parent aide services in reducing physical abuse and neglect risk in high-risk parents.Methods
Families were randomly assigned to receive either parent aide plus case management services (n = 73) or case management services only (n = 65), collecting in-home data on physical child abuse and neglect and proximal risk and protective factors, just prior to service initiation, and again after six months of services.Results
Mothers receiving parent aide and case management services reported significant improvements from baseline to six-month follow-up in self-reported indicators of physical child abuse risk, as well as improvements on parental stress, mastery, depression, and anxiety, whereas mothers receiving only case management services did not. The slopes of such observed changes across groups, however, were not found to be statistically significantly different. No discernable improvements were found with regard to indicators of risk for child neglect.Conclusions
As the first randomized clinical trial examining the effectiveness of parent aide services, this study provides the first controlled evidence examining the potential benefits of this service modality. This study suggests promising trends regarding the benefit of parent aide services with respect to physical child abuse risk reduction and related predictors, but evidence does not appear to suggest that such services, as they are presently delivered, reduce child neglect.Practice implications
These findings support the continued use of parent aide services in cases of physical child abuse and also suggest careful consideration of the ways such services may be better configured to extend their impact, particularly with respect to child neglect risk. 相似文献14.
Although researchers have examined the potential contribution of harsh parenting to child aggression, they have rarely explored how one parent’s harsh discipline could interact with warmth by another parent to affect child aggression. We sought to clarify whether the impact of harsh parenting by one parent on child effortful control could be buffered by warmth of the other parent, further reducing the likelihood of child aggression. 867 adolescents were chosen from two public middle schools situated in Jinan, the provincial city in Northern China. Data were gathered with adolescents reporting effortful control, their parents reporting harsh parenting, and their classmates nominating aggressive peers. A moderated mediation model was used to test the mediating and moderating hypotheses. Results indicated that adolescent effortful control partially mediated the relation of harsh fathering to adolescent aggression and completely mediated the relation of harsh mothering to adolescent aggression. Moreover, harsh fathering was only negatively associated with effortful control among adolescents with low maternal warmth and harsh mothering was only negatively associated with effortful control among adolescents with low paternal warmth, thus lowering the risk for aggression. The main conclusion is that harsh parenting by one parent could only indirectly impact on adolescent aggression via the mediator of effortful control only for adolescents with low warmth by the other parent. Our findings add to extant understandings on how different parenting practices by both parents may interact to influence children’s aggressive behaviors. 相似文献
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Research Findings: Research on teacher–child relationships is important, as the quality of this relationship is linked to numerous child outcomes in the areas of academic and social functioning. In addition, parent involvement has been identified as a significant factor in the successful development of a child. This study attempted to join these two lines of research by assessing the extent to which teacher–child relationship quality varies as a function of parent involvement. We used a sample of 894 third-grade children, mothers, and teachers from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) Study of Early Child Care. Regression analyses were conducted to examine the relation between teacher–child relationships and parent involvement while controlling for known determinants of teacher–child relationship quality (i.e., gender and income). All variables were significantly related to teacher–child relationship quality. Parent involvement was negatively related to conflict. Furthermore, more parent involvement predicted less teacher–child conflict, but only for children from low-income families. Practice or Policy: The results are discussed in terms of the importance of parent involvement to children's school adjustment, with specific importance for parents of low-income children. 相似文献
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Amanda O’Connor Andrea Nolan Heidi Bergmeier Merrilyn Hooley Craig Olsson Warren Cann 《Early Years: An International Journal of Research and Development》2017,37(4):400-422
Building strong relationships between children and parents is vital for children’s social and emotional development. A majority of children attend early childhood education and care (ECEC) settings where they experience a range of relationships (educator–child, educator–parent, parent–child). Educators build relationships with children and parents, yet their influence on parent–child relationships is not well understood. Therefore, an evaluation of interventions/programs designed to promote parent–child relationships in ECEC settings (long day care, occasional care and preschool) and a range of settings (play groups, community groups and health centres) was conducted. The search revealed 21 peer-reviewed studies and seven interventions: two conducted in ECEC settings and five in a range of parent–child support settings. All studies reported intervention efficacy, yet none examined educators’ influence on parent–child relationships. Investigation into current educator practices is recommended to ensure educators are supported to promote and nurture parent–child relationships, consequently strengthening children’s social and emotional development. 相似文献
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Maria Assuncao Folque 《Journal of Early Childhood Teacher Education》2013,34(2):131-139
Abstract The present study investigated specific teacher factors that potentially influence teacher‐child relationships with preschool‐age children. One demographic questionnaire and three rating scales were used to survey 152 head teachers of 3–6‐year‐old children in community‐based childcare and preschool centers in one mid‐western state. There were 46 teachers who reported on their relationship with a child with a disability or concerning developmental delay. Positive correlations were found between teacher‐child relationships and the teachers’ educational backgrounds, self‐reported teaching efficacy and parent‐teacher relationships. The parent‐teacher relationship appeared to be the strongest teacher‐related factor predicting the quality of teacher‐child relationships. Compared to other teachers, the teachers of children with delays or disabilities reported comparable parent‐teacher relationships and more positive teacher‐child relationships, especially when more than one child with concerns was reportedly enrolled in the classroom. Teachers with children who had developmental delays reported lower teaching efficacy scores. The role of parent‐teacher relationships is highlighted as a possible moderator when teachers feel less than capable or positive about individual children in their program. 相似文献
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This study assessed parent–child and family-related stress at two points of time and analysed relationships between stress, child and family characteristics and parent satisfaction with early intervention services. In Germany, 125 parents of young children with intellectual disabilities, hearing impairment or visual impairment responded to a questionnaire. Eighty-seven parents agreed to participate in the second survey. Results indicated that (a) perceived parenting competence is associated with general self-efficacy and satisfaction with professional support, (b) parent–child interactional stress increased with time, specifically in families with children with intellectual disability or visual impairment, (c) the level of satisfaction with amount and quality of family support was low in a considerable subgroup of parents, (d) regression analyses support predictive relationships among parent–child stress, family-related stress, perceived parenting competence and satisfaction with early intervention services. 相似文献
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The purpose of this study was to examine gender differences in parent–child sex communication for 14 topics among early adolescent African-American youth. Similar to prior research, a larger percentage of participants reported they discussed sex with their mother in comparison to their father. In contrast to prior research, more males than females reported they discussed sexual topics with their mothers and fathers. Binary logistic regression analysis found significant differences for males versus females for father–child conversations on 12 of the 14 topics. Only two of the analyses were significant for males versus females on mother–child discussion of the topics. Finally, parent–child conversations tended to focus on general versus personal information. For example, a larger percentage of participants reported discussing general information on HIV/AIDS compared to discussing sexual orientation. The importance of research that focuses on the role of fathers in parent–child sexual socialisation is discussed. 相似文献
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Christine Z. Cataldo 《教育心理学家》2013,48(3):172-186
Early childhood parent programs have evolved from family‐oriented trends in the helping professions and a strong belief in the educational potential of early experiences. Recent conceptions of parents during the early years emphasize their role in providing educational experiences and the relationships of parents with programs and schools. In a variety of disciplines early education and treatment programs for children now focus on the behavior of the parent in relation to the young child. The parent is a learner; goals, strategies, and curriculum planning include family members as well as the child. Yet, clarification of parent and professional roles has proceeded slowly. This article describes the development and content of these programs, emerging theory, and implications concerning the child‐parent‐professional relationship. 相似文献