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水陆画是水陆法会供奉的绘画,它在我国绘画史上占有特殊的位置。本研究利用体视显微镜、偏光显微镜、X 射线荧光光谱和拉曼光谱等技术,首次对明代绢本水陆画颜料的形貌、成分进行了观察和测试,并分析了它的保存状况。研究表明,其红色颜料为混有少量铅丹的朱砂;蓝色颜料由蓝铜矿、赭石和白云母混合而成;浅蓝色颜料为靛蓝;绿色颜料的主体成分为氯铜矿,间有少量孔雀石和蓝铜矿;白色颜料则为水白铅矿及微量石膏。观察显示,部分颜料有开裂和剥落的现象。不难认识到,此项工作可为水陆画的颜料使用、保护修复和艺术史研究提供有价值的信息。 相似文献
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本研究以鲁土司衙门晚期建筑塔尔殿和早期建筑万岁殿壁画为例,采用多光谱成像、便携式X-荧光仪(XRF)、便携式近红外光谱仪(NIR)、便携式数码显微镜等无损分析技术,在遗址现场对壁画的制作材料、工艺、历史干预等进行调查研究。多光谱摄影调查发现塔尔殿壁画所用颜料成份复杂。万岁殿主殿壁画局部有重绘现象,回廊壁画没有发现重绘和修改的现象,属明代早期原绘壁画。采用XRF结合NIR原位-无损分析相互提供佐证信息,可以确定绝大部分颜料,并经室内XRD分析验证。壁画的主要颜料红色为铅丹、朱砂,绿色为巴黎绿、氯铜矿、石绿,蓝色为人造群青、石青,黄色为雌黄、金,白色以铅白、石灰为主。部分颜料如黄色、蓝色,使用有机颜料可能性极大。氯铜矿和石青只发现于万岁殿回廊。壁画颜料使用时代特征明显。四种原位-无损分析方法结合,可以应用于壁画类不可移动文物制作材料分析、价值认知、干预历史调查等方面并取得良好的效果。 相似文献
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布达拉宫壁画的颜料成分 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《家教指南》2003,(3)
敦煌研究院专家组日前对西藏布达拉宫壁画的材料进行了分析研究 ,查明了壁画中各种色颜料的成分 ,将为布达拉宫壁画病害的保护修复提供了依据。为修复布达拉宫的壁画 ,敦煌研究院专家组对布达拉宫壁画颜料进行了X射线衍射分析 ,分析结果显示 ,布达拉宫壁画颜料既有传统的矿物颜料朱砂、铅丹、铁红、石青、石绿、白垩、石膏等 ,又有一些现代的合成颜料 ,如白色颜料碳酸镁、氧化锌 ,绿色颜料中有碱式碳酸铜 ,后者是以前未曾发现的。布达拉宫壁画的颜料成分 相似文献
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山西大同观音堂是大同市现存始建年代最早的专门供奉观音菩萨的佛教寺院,其主殿观音殿内现存清末壁画约70m2,是山西地区具有代表性的清代重要壁画作品.应用显微镜(OM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)等多种分析方法对观音堂壁画样品的微观结构和矿物颜料成分进行分析,并对其壁画材料及工艺作初步解析.结果表明观音堂壁画使用了传统的干壁画绘制工艺,即在建筑内部的青砖墙体上抹上添加碎麦秸的灰泥,在灰泥上涂抹一层很薄的含有更细植物纤维的黏土,制成细泥层,在细泥层上涂刷高岭石或方解石制成白色底色层,用于作画.壁画使用颜料分别为朱砂、石青、石绿、铅丹、雌黄、水白铅矿及赤铁矿等常见矿物质颜料.研究结果可为了解清代大同本地的壁画制作工艺和材料提供重要的科学资料. 相似文献
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莫高窟壁画中的红色颜料及其变色机理探讨 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
《家教指南》1992,(3)
莫高窟壁画中的红色颜料几乎全是无机矿物颜料,据有关记载也可能有极少量的有机红色颜料,如胭脂一类的植物性有机红颜料,但是由于分析手段和设备条件所限,至今对壁画中的有机颜料,包括红色颜料还没有分析结果。莫高窟壁画中红色矿物颜料基本有三种,即铅丹——Pb_3O_4、土红——Fe_2O_3和朱砂—HgS,另外还有极少量的雄黄—AsS。关 相似文献
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《海外英语》2007,(4):36
There are numbers of crossroads on our long and unpredictable life journey where we totally have no idea about which direction to choose. No matter what our decision is, we should not turn back, but face the music and go ahead instead. I am this kind of girl who always does try without regretting, one example is how I dealt with my love. 相似文献
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Migration occurs behind a variety of reasons and has a great effect on the whole world. People may migrate in order to improve their economic situation, or in order to escape civil strife, persecution, and environmental disasters. The impact of migration is complex, bringing both benefits anddisadvantages. This paper briefly talks about the causes of migration, the allocation of benefits, and the ways in which individual countries and the international community deal with this important subject. 相似文献
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Sister Carrie is one of the most controversial characters in American literature.Thought as a "fallen woman" firstly,she was defined as a "new woman" by some critics later. However, by digging into the motivaton behind the whole process of Carrie's "success", the relationship between Carrie and her creator (the author), the social conditions of then American, it can be found that Carrie has never been free-standing on her thought and she has never found her real-sdf even after becoming a famous actress. In a society dominated by mass consumerism Carrie is only an adherent of her own desires. She also is a representative of all those country girls flooded into cities, a symbol and a sacrifice of the urbanization of America in a time countryside was overcome by cities. 相似文献
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RUZBEHANI Mohsen 《重庆大学学报(英文版)》2004,3(1):20-25
1.IntroductionOne-cyclecontrolmethod,whichwasproposedaboutonedecadeago[1],hasbecomeanattractivemethodinspecialfieldssuchaspowerfactorcorrection[2-6],switchingamplifiers[7,8],etc.Themainideaofthiscontrollerisbasedonintegrationofdiodevoltageinone-cycleandforcesittobeexactlyequaltothereferencevalue.Themainadvantageofthiscontrollerisitsrealtimeabilitytorejectthevariationofinputvoltage[1].Despitethisgreatability,ithasnogoodperformancesinrejectingofloaddisturbanceandfollowingreferencecommands.Espec… 相似文献
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Rajesh Kanoi 《海外英语》2007,(1):52
Today, Sunday morning, I sit thinking and typing at my computer. My thoughts are in my homeland, India and my body is in China. The body is here and mind there for a good reason. Mr. Hu is president and I am resident and both are in each other's countries (what a difference the absence of one small letter makes!). Mr. Hu will return in a few days and I will stay on longer. 相似文献
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正A One day a pig went to the stable(马棚)to see his good friend,an oldhorse,and was going to stay there forthenight.Night came and it was time forsleep.The pig went into the straw heap(稻草堆)and lay comfortably.A longtime passed,but the horse was stillstanding there and did not move.Thepig asked the horse why he did not go tosleep."Standing like this is the begin-ning ofsleeping,"answered the horse. 相似文献
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《今日中学生》2014,(9)
正1.Any fool can count the seeds in an apple.Only God can count all the apples in one seed.2.Happy families are all alike;every unhappy family is unhappy in its own way.3.Memories are the key not to the past,but to the future.4.Sometimes in the dark you see what you want to see.5.There is a great difference between 相似文献
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《重庆大学学报(英文版)》2014,(2)
正Scope and Policy The Journal of Chongqing University-English Edition(JCQU-E)is a peerreviewed journal publishing research articles in multiple disciplines of science and technology,covering civil and environmental engineering,chemical engineering,biotechnology,mechanical and electrical engineering,computer and data processing,mining,metallurgy,materials science,and interdisciplines thereof. 相似文献