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1.
Madeleine Rothberg 《Learned Publishing》2018,31(1):45-47
Key points
- Publishers should layer on the right standards to create accessible publications.
- Accessible publications have accessible content at the core, wrapped in semantic structure, and topped off with accessible metadata.
- Resources to help publishers implement accessibility in their programmes are available.
2.
Julie G. Kosteniuk Debra G. Morgan Carl K. D'Arcy 《Journal of the Medical Library Association》2013,101(1):32-37
Objectives:
The research determined (1) the information sources that family physicians (FPs) most commonly use to update their general medical knowledge and to make specific clinical decisions, and (2) the information sources FPs found to be most physically accessible, intellectually accessible (easy to understand), reliable (trustworthy), and relevant to their needs.Methods:
A cross-sectional postal survey of 792 FPs and locum tenens, in full-time or part-time medical practice, currently practicing or on leave of absence in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan was conducted during the period of January to April 2008.Results:
Of 666 eligible physicians, 331 completed and returned surveys, resulting in a response rate of 49.7% (331/666). Medical textbooks and colleagues in the main patient care setting were the top 2 sources for the purpose of making specific clinical decisions. Medical textbooks were most frequently considered by FPs to be reliable (trustworthy), and colleagues in the main patient care setting were most physically accessible (easy to access).Conclusions:
When making specific clinical decisions, FPs were most likely to use information from sources that they considered to be reliable and generally physically accessible, suggesting that FPs can best be supported by facilitating easy and convenient access to high-quality information.Highlights
- Medical textbooks were the most popular information source for family physicians'' (FPs'') clinical decision-making purposes, and medical journals were the most popular information source for the purpose of updating FPs'' general medical knowledge.
- FPs considered medical textbooks to be the most reliable (trustworthy) source, colleagues the most physically accessible, and continuing medical education the most relevant and intellectually accessible.
- The lowest ranked information sources across all four attributes were personal digital assistants, mental health professionals, pharmaceutical sales representatives, and other decision aids.
Implications
- The most popular information sources for clinical decision-making purposes among FPs were sources characterized as reliable and generally physically accessible.
- This study suggests the need for further research into interventions that target information access barriers in FPs'' practice settings and the promotion of reliable evidence for FPs'' clinical decision-making purposes.
3.
Making materials accessible to students in higher education institutes: Institutional obligations,methods of compliance,and recommendations for future action 
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下载免费PDF全文 Jamie Axelrod 《Learned Publishing》2018,31(1):39-44
Key points
- Current publishing restrictions cause duplicated – and wasted – effort to delivery of accessible information to students.
- Universities have a legal obligation to provide access, but this is not required from publishers.
- Initiatives to support access are helpful, but do not completely resolve the accessibility problems.
4.
‘Finding’ and ‘discovering’: How understanding researchers’ search and discovery behaviour informed the building of Cambridge Core 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Nisha Doshi 《Learned Publishing》2017,30(1):39-44
Key points
- Researchers most often visit publisher platforms to ‘find’ a specific article or chapter after ‘discovering’ available resources elsewhere.
- Keywords in the title and author names are the two most important criteria for identifying relevant material.
- Students consider access to be an important criterion for item selection.
- For both humanities and social sciences (HSS) and science, technology, and medicine (STM), user behaviour when identifying relevant content is remarkably similar.
- Students and researchers tend to gather content for later use rather than read it in detail as soon as they find it.
5.
Violaine Iglesias 《Learned Publishing》2018,31(1):49-54
Key points
- Convergence of international standards has made requirements for accessible multimedia content clearer.
- Legal and commercial pressure for accessible content is mounting for higher education institutions (HEIs) and publishers as highlighted by recent high‐profile settlements in North America.
- Accessibility requirements for multimedia can be met by setting realistic, progressive goals and focusing resources on key content.
- Multimedia accessibility benefits range from wider audiences and increased user engagement to greater discoverability and improved search engine optimization.
- Vendors are ramping up their offerings for accessible production, and costs are going down.
6.
Key points
- Accessibility is often misunderstood as a concept that is niche or of secondary importance.
- Reframing accessibility as improving the overall user experience instantly changes the perspective; accessibility becomes a critical requirement worthy of investment and resources.
- The single most prevalent complaint amongst librarians is the time it takes to get hold of accessible content.
- An accessibility roadmap provides structure and transparency for digital accessibility projects within the organization.
- Publishers' non‐compliance with accessibility standards will increase their risk of sales declines and legal complications over time.
- The SAGE A.C.C.E.S.S.I.B.L.E mnemonic offers suggestions on how to devise a successful accessible publishing programme.
7.
Richard Dodenhoff 《Learned Publishing》2020,33(1):69-70
Key points
- The job of society publishers is to carry out the directives and achieve the goals set by the organization's elected and volunteer leaders.
- Society journals form an integral part of the work and outreach of the society and its mission.
- Scholarly societies help develop new findings and individual careers, and a publications outlet supports both of these activities.
8.
Lauren Trimble 《Learned Publishing》2018,31(1):21-24
Key points
- Testing for accessibility after extensive changes to a website and addressing them as technical debt is unsustainable in the long term.
- To stay modern and efficient, providers of digital content to academic institutions should build accessibility into development.
- For JSTOR, working with participating institutions to understand their concerns was essential to reaching WCAG 2.0 AA conformance.
- With Artstor recently joining ITHAKA, we face the challenge of making a visual archive accessible.
9.
Jo Burges 《Learned Publishing》2018,31(1):57-62
Key points
- The number of people who struggle to access the printed word is increasing exponentially.
- Calibre Audio Library worked with i‐Publishing Consultants to transform the way the blind, partially‐sighted, and those with reading difficulties access their audio library.
- Providing entirely audio prompts allows visually impaired users the independence to manage their own library.
- Calibre and i‐Publishing Consultants won the 2017 Stationers’ Company Innovation Excellence Award for Social Development.
10.
Janet A Crum 《Journal of the Medical Library Association》2011,99(4):290-296
Objectives:
The purposes of this study were: to determine the number of articles requested by library users that could be retrieved from the library''s collection using the library catalog and link resolver, in other words, the availability rate; and to identify the nature and frequency of problems encountered in this process, so that the problems could be addressed and access to full-text articles could be improved.Methods:
A sample of 414 requested articles was identified via link resolver log files. Library staff attempted to retrieve these articles using the library catalog and link resolver and documented access problems.Results:
Staff were able to retrieve electronic full text for 310 articles using the catalog. An additional 21 articles were available in print, for an overall availability rate of nearly 80%. Only 68% (280) of articles could be retrieved electronically via the link resolver. The biggest barriers to access in both instances were lack of holdings and incomplete coverage. The most common problem encountered when retrieving articles via the link resolver was incomplete or inaccurate metadata.Conclusion:
An availability study is a useful tool for measuring the quality of electronic access provided by a library and identifying and quantifying barriers to access.Highlights
- Lack of holdings, including access to recent articles restricted by embargoes, was the most common barrier to locating full text, accounting for over 90% of all identified problems.
- Availability rates for electronic articles varied by year of publication and by the database in which the OpenURL request originated.
- Link resolver error rates varied widely based on the source of the request and frequently resulted from incomplete or inaccurate metadata.
Implications
- An availability study is an inexpensive, practical tool for assessing the quality of electronic access to journal articles.
- The results of an availability study can help libraries identify barriers to access and thereby allocate limited resources to areas that will provide the most benefit to users.
- Link resolvers might be more accurate if the quality of metadata in OpenURLs was improved and the behavior of full-text targets was standardized.
- Collection and acquisition problems: The library may not subscribe to the desired journal, or the article and/or journal may be unavailable for some other reason.
- Cataloging and holdings problems: The journal may be cataloged or indexed incorrectly, or the library''s holdings data may be wrong.
- Technical problems: Problems may occur with the journal provider''s site or the library''s proxy server.
- gather actual user requests (or simulate them)
- try to fill those requests using the same tools and methods a user would use
- record what happens
- analyze the results
11.
Melissa L. Rethlefsen Alicia A. Livinski 《Journal of the Medical Library Association》2013,101(1):55-62
Objectives:
The research identified the publication types and ages most frequently cited in the infectious diseases literature and the most commonly cited journals.Methods:
From 2008–2010, 5,056 articles in 5 infectious diseases journals cited 166,650 items. Two random samples were drawn: one (n = 1,060) from the total set of citations and one (n = 1,060) from the citations to journal articles. For each sample citation, publication type and date, age of cited item, and inclusion of uniform resource locator (URL) were collected. For each item in the cited journal articles sample, journal title, publication date, and age of the cited article were collected. Bradford zones were used for further analysis.Results:
Journal articles (91%, n = 963) made up the bulk of cited items, followed by miscellaneous items (4.6%, n = 49). Dates of publication for cited items ranged from 1933–2010 (mean = 2001, mode = 2007). Over half (50.2%, n = 483) of cited journal articles were published within the previous 5 years. The journal article citations included 358 unique journal titles.Discussion:
The citations to current and older publications in a range of disciplines, heavy citation of journals, and citation of miscellaneous and government documents revealed the depth and breadth of resources needed for the study of infectious diseases.Highlights
- Literature on infectious diseases is multidisciplinary, encompassing medical specialties, public health, and the medical sciences.
- Infectious disease publications cite journal articles more than 90% of the time. Cited journal articles greatly range in age at citation: more than a quarter were over 10 years old.
- Infectious disease citation patterns resemble clinical medicine citation patterns more than public health citation patterns.
Implications
- Infectious disease professionals need access to general medicine titles as well as infectious disease, immunology, virology, microbiology, and public health literature.
- Librarians serving infectious disease researchers and practitioners should provide access to older materials, especially journal back files, to support the cyclical needs of their patrons.
12.
13.
Lack of critical thinking skills leading to research crisis in developing countries: A case of Pakistan 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Sarwat Nauman 《Learned Publishing》2017,30(3):233-236
Key points
- Increasing funding for research may not improve the quality of research.
- Pakistan is investing heavily in research with commensurate increases in publications.
- Pakistan's increase in article output is not being matched with increased quality – is this due to a fundamental problem with critical thinking skills?
- All developing countries need to focus on critical thinking skills to realize the best use of their research funding.
14.
Objective:
The investigation provides recommendations for establishing institutional collection guidelines and policies that protect the integrity of the historical record, while upholding the privacy and confidentiality of those who are protected by Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) or professional ethical standards.Methods:
The authors completed a systematic historical investigation of the concepts of collection integrity, privacy, and confidentiality in the formal and informal legal and professional ethics literature and applied these standards to create best practices for institutional policies in these areas.Results:
Through an in-depth examination of the historical concepts of privacy and confidentiality in the legal and professional ethics literature, the authors were able to create recommendations that would allow institutions to provide access to important, yet sensitive, materials, while complying with the standards set by HIPAA regulations and professional ethical expectations.Conclusion:
With thoughtful planning, it is possible to balance the integrity of and access to the historical record of sensitive documents, while supporting the privacy protections of HIPAA and professional ethical standards. Although it is theorized that collection development polices of institutions have changed due to HIPAA legislation, additional research is suggested to see how various legal interpretations have affected the integrity of the historical record in actuality.Highlights
- Ethical standards call upon special collections professionals to collect and provide access openly, while protecting individual privacy.
- A systematic historical investigation of legal and professional ethics literature can lead to standard best practices that address issues of privacy and access.
Implications
- Special collections professionals can establish guidelines that preserve the historical record and maintain collection integrity and access, while adhering to privacy legislation and ethical concerns.
- The framework suggested here can be used to write a collection development and access policy that complies with the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act.
- Librarians who interact regularly with hospital administrators or researchers using patient data need to be aware of the ethical and legal issues involved in patient data retention.
15.
Dennis W Fell Judy F Burnham Melanie J Buchanan Heidi A Horchen Joel A Scherr 《Journal of the Medical Library Association》2011,99(3):202-207
Objectives:
The purpose of this study was to identify (1) core journals in the literature of physical therapy, (2) currency of references cited in that literature, and (3) online databases providing the highest coverage rate of core journals.Method:
Data for each cited reference in each article of four source journals for three years were recorded, including type of literature, year of publication, and journal title. The journal titles were ranked in descending order according to the frequency of citations and divided into three zones using Bradford''s Law of Scattering. Four databases were analyzed for coverage rates of articles published in the Zone 1 and Zone 2 journals in 2007.Results:
Journal articles were the most frequently cited type of literature, with sixteen journals supplying one-third of the cited journal references. Physical Therapy was the most commonly cited title. There were more cited articles published from 2000 to 2007 than in any previous full decade. Of the databases analyzed, CINAHL provided the highest coverage rate for Zone 1 2007 publications.Conclusions:
Results were similar to a previous study, except for changes in the order of Zone 1 journals. Results can help physical therapists and librarians determine important journals in this discipline.Highlights
- More cited references were published in the last eight years studied than in any previous full decade.
- Physical Therapy, Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (APMR), and Spine were the most frequently cited titles. Previous studies found APMR to be the most cited journal.
- CINAHL provided the highest coverage rate for the most commonly cited titles, with MEDLINE and EMBASE providing the best coverage for the next group of titles.
Implications
- Health sciences librarians and clinicians can use these results to identify important journals for developing collections and determining the need for access to back issues of journals.
- Multiple databases are needed for comprehensive coverage of the physical therapy discipline
Implications
- Health sciences librarians and clinicians can use these results to identify important journals for developing collections and determining the need for access to back issues of journals.
- Multiple databases are needed for comprehensive coverage of the physical therapy discipline
16.
Key points
- A clear set of rules regarding authorship responsibilities in academic publications is much needed.
- The leading research integrity guidelines on scientific authorship, the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors Recommendations, are unclear about authorship responsibilities in case of misconduct.
- The source of the problem is the fourth authorship criterion – it should be revised.
17.
We've failed: Pirate black open access is trumping green and gold and we must change our approach 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Toby Green 《Learned Publishing》2017,30(4):325-329
Key points
- Sci‐Hub has made nearly all articles freely available using a black open access model, leaving green and gold models in its dust.
- Why, after 20 years of effort, have green and gold open access not achieved more? Do we need ‘tae think again’?
- If human nature is to postpone change for as long as possible, are green and gold open access fundamentally flawed?
- Open and closed publishing models depend on bundle pricing paid by one stakeholder, the others getting a free ride. Is unbundling a fairer model?
- If publishers changed course and unbundled their product, would this open a legal, fairer route to 100% open access and see off the pirates?
18.
George Kerscher 《Learned Publishing》2018,31(1):83-85
Key points
- Accessibility of publications in academia is a non‐negotiable legal requirement.
- The accessibility of your journal or other scholarly publication is the most important design consideration in your workflow.
- EPUB Accessibility 1.0 and Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 2.0 provide a clear publishing pathway.
- Consider the readability chain: Any link can result in accessibility failure but an unbroken chain will benefit all readers.
19.
Quan‐Hoang Vuong 《Learned Publishing》2020,33(1):64-68
Key points
- Societies face increasing pressure to contain costs and retain revenues, which are threatened by open access mandates.
- Funders and other science publishing campaigns need to recognize the value of learned societies and work with them to sustain the production of quality knowledge.
- Self‐publishing via preprint servers may threaten the quality of academic research.
- Societies can reinforce their value proposition through a model of academic entrepreneurship, including research activities, media engagement, and consultancy.
20.
How publishing has helped and hindered me: Experiences and advice from a blind reader and publisher 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 George Abbott 《Learned Publishing》2018,31(1):79-82
Key points
- Braille remains a relevant technology for access.
- Properly structured content is vital for ease of understanding, as are correctly labelled links and action buttons.
- Accessibility has hugely improved in the past 30 years but remains a fragile benefit, relying on stringent adherence to standards.