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本文主要阐述和分析了小学数学学困生在加减应用题解题方面存在的主要困难,例如文字理解困难、问题识别和表征困难、认知策略不科学等,并对此提出一些可行的补救教学策略,对于学困生的补救教学应该着眼于造成其学习困难的原因,着重提高学生的题目阅读能力、文字理解能力、问题识别和认知能力等。教师要循循善诱,从学生的解题心理和认知角度出发进行干预,通过个别辅导和谈心的方式,了解学生的学习情绪和心理,适时给予疏导和纠正,希望能够有效提高学困生解决加减应用题的能力。 相似文献
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本实验研究从学习困难学生认知结构的角度出发，以认知负栽和认知图式的理论研究为依据，采用H&;#183;A&;#183;西蒙和朱新明所提出的示例演练教学法对数学应用题学习困难学生实施干预。结果表明：示例演练的干预方法能帮助应用题学习困难学生生成解题图式，提高他们的解题能力，并改善其学业成绩。 相似文献
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对数学学习不良学生解决加减应用题采用基于图式的个体干预是一种有效的干预方法。它由问题图式图教学和问题解决教学两个步骤组成。问题图式图教学重点要求学生区分变化题、比较题和合并题的情境;问题解决教学重点要求学生会选图式图、填图式图,以及选择适当的算术运算。此研究对加减应用题干预研究的启示为：（1）筛选被试需谨慎;（2）干预过程要强调掌握;（3）问题图式图教学值得借鉴;（4）研究指标需多样化。 相似文献
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应用题教学既是小学数学教学的重点,又是难点之一。如何优化小学数学应用题的解题策略．是当今小学数学教学研究的一个重要课题。构建问题树法和识别相关图式法,为小学应用题解决提供了新颖的解题策略。 相似文献
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基于对小学数学应用题解题策略的研究,本文用口语报告法,对小学数学学习困难学生在解决应用题过程中解题策略运用的特点进行了实证研究。结果证明,与数优生相比,数困生在数学表征、分析整合、数学运算、监控与反思等方面有明显不足。根据研究结果,我们对教学提出了一些建议。 相似文献
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应用题教学既是小学数学教学的重点,又是难点之一。如何优化小学数学应用题的解题策略,是当今小学数学教学研究的一个重要课题。构建问题树法和识别相关图式法,为小学应用题解决提供了新颖的解题策略。一、构建问题树法应用题的数量关系比较复杂, 相似文献
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本文主要介绍了要加强解题策略教学培养学生的解题能力,训练学生在解题中采用多种解题方法,教师要引导学生用化归法解应用题,要教给学生分析应用题常用的推理方法等小学数学应用题解题能力提升的策略。 相似文献
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教学内容:五(六)年制小学数学第九(十一)册第54页例4。 教学目的:通过教学,使学生掌握较复杂的分数应用题的数量关系与解题规律,学会列方程或算术式解答此类应用题,进一步提高学生分析、解决问题的能力。 教法说明: 本节课的教学试图让学生从分析应用题的数量关系入手,运用迁移规律探究用列方程的方法解答形如x×(1+(n/m))=a的应用题,在试探、比较、辨析的过程中帮助学生理清知识之间的内在联系,从而统一分数乘除法应用题的解题思路。 教学过程: 一、基本训练,做好铺垫。 相似文献
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Sarah R. Powell Lynn S. Fuchs Douglas Fuchs Paul T. Cirino Jack M. Fletcher 《Learning disabilities research & practice》2009,24(1):1-11
The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of fact retrieval tutoring as a function of math difficulty (MD) subtype, that is, whether students have MD alone (MD‐only) or have concurrent difficulty with math and reading (MDRD). Third graders (n= 139) at two sites were randomly assigned, blocking by site and MD subtype, to four tutoring conditions: fact retrieval practice, conceptual fact retrieval instruction with practice, procedural computation/estimation instruction, and control (no tutoring). Tutoring occurred for 45 sessions over 15 weeks for 15–25 minutes per session. Results provided evidence of an interaction between tutoring condition and MD subtype status for assessment of fact retrieval. For MD‐only students, students in both fact retrieval conditions achieved comparably and outperformed MD‐only students in the control group as well as those in the procedural computation/estimation instruction group. By contrast, for MDRD students, there were no significant differences among intervention conditions. 相似文献
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《The Journal of educational research》2012,105(7):253-255
AbstractThe purpose of this study was to test Gagne’s hypothesis that attention to prerequisites should be more effective than repeated practice of a final task when learning intellectual skills. Ninety eighth-grade general science students studied self-instructional materials on the construction and interpretation of graphs. After each of three lessons each subject took a diagnostic test covering the objectives of the instruction. Subjects in Group 1 received additional instruction on prerequisites as remediation. Subjects in Group 2 received additional practice items as remediation, and subjects in Group 3 received no remedial activity. Students receiving remedial instruction did significantly better than those receiving only main-line instruction. Students receiving additional instruction on prerequisites did significantly better than those receiving additional practice items as remediation. 相似文献
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Lynn S. Fuchs Sarah R. Powell Pamela M. Seethaler Paul T. Cirino Jack M. Fletcher Douglas Fuchs Carol L. Hamlett 《Learning and individual differences》2010,20(2):89-100
The primary purpose of this study was to assess the effects of strategic counting instruction, with and without deliberate practice with those counting strategies, on number combination (NC) skill among students with mathematics difficulties (MD). Students (n = 150) were stratified on MD status (i.e., MD alone versus MD with reading difficulty) and site (proximal versus distal to the intervention developer) and then randomly assigned to control (no tutoring) or 1 of 2 variants of NC remediation. Both remediations were embedded in the same validated word-problem tutoring protocol (i.e., Pirate Math). In 1 variant, the focus on NCs was limited to a single lesson that taught strategic counting. In the other variant, 4–6 min of practice per session was added to the other variant. Tutoring occurred for 16 weeks, 3 sessions per week for 20–30 min per session. Strategic counting without deliberate practice produced superior NC fluency compared to control; however, strategic counting with deliberate practice effected superior NC fluency and transfer to procedural calculations compared with both competing conditions. Also, the efficacy of Pirate Math word-problem tutoring was replicated. 相似文献
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Effect of Cooperative Learning Strategies on Students' Understanding of Concepts in Electrochemistry 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Burcin Acar Leman Tarhan 《International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education》2007,5(2):349-373
The present study was conducted to investigate the degree of effectiveness of cooperative learning instruction over a traditional
approach on 11th grade students' understanding of electrochemistry. The study involved forty-one 11th grade students from
two science classes with the same teacher. To determine students' misconceptions concerning electrochemistry, the Electrochemistry
Concept Test consisting of 8 open-ended and 12 multiple-choice questions was used as a pre-test and some students were interviewed.
According to the results, twenty-four misconceptions (six of them initially identified) about electrochemistry were identified.
The classrooms were randomly assigned to a control group (traditional instruction, 21 students) and an experimental group
(cooperative learning based on a constructivist approach, 20 students). After instruction, the same test was administered
to both groups as a post-test. The results from the t-test indicated that the students who were trained using cooperative
learning instruction had significantly higher scores in terms of achievement than those taught by the traditional approach.
According to the post-test and interviews, it was also found that instruction for the cooperative group was more successful
in remediation of the predetermined misconceptions. 相似文献
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The influence of locus of control, diagnosis, and remediation on immediate and retained achievement and attitudes of middle school science students was the focus of this study. Subjects in the experiment were assessed for locus of control and experienced one of three treatments: no diagnosis or remediation; diagnosis with no remediation; or, diagnosis and remediation. Immediate achievement was measured at two points during the experiment, and retention was measured 30 days following the experiment. Diagnosis and remediation proved to be significantly effective in increasing retained achievement. Internal locus of control subjects out-scored external subjects in the areas of both immediate and retained achievement. Whites achieved higher than blacks in retention. Attitudes of all groups tended to be positive. These findings suggest that diagnostic or diagnostic and remedial instruction is an effective means of increasing the retention level of middle school students. 相似文献
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《The Journal of educational research》2012,105(2):118-128
Abstract This study compared the effectiveness of computer-based handwriting exercises (Lally &; Macleod, 1982) with traditional instruction in the remediation of handwriting difficulties. Thirty-six students in Grades 4 to 6 with poor handwriting received one of three different instructional methods. In Method 1, students performed computer-based handwriting exercises using the Apple Graphics Tablet, an electronic pen, and the computer monitor to track visible and invisible letters. In Method 2, conventional instruction was provided using pencil, paper, plastic overlays, and felt pens to copy and trace letter forms. In Method 3, conventional instruction using tracing and copying was provided through the computer using the Touch Window and a stylus pen. Several measures were used to assess improvement in performance. The results indicated that the traditional group using pen and paper demonstrated significant improvements from pretest to posttest on five measures, and the computer groups on two measures. The findings suggest that traditional instruction using pen and paper is the more effective treatment method. 相似文献
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Colleges are experimenting with integrating technology into the classroom to improve student learning and reduce costs. While fully online models appear to have negative effects on student learning compared to in-person instruction, there is less evidence about models that blend elements of online and in-person instruction. In this study, I estimate the effect of adopting a blended approach to teaching called the emporium model in which students complete online work in an on-campus lab with instructors onsite to assist. Using a triple difference identification strategy, I find that using the emporium model compared to traditional instruction in remedial math courses in a state community college system reduces course pass rates, retention, and degree attainment. Effects were generally consistent across all three levels of remediation, suggesting there was little variation by students’ incoming placement test score. 相似文献
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Students with mathematics disabilities (MD) experience difficulties with both conceptual and procedural knowledge of different math concepts across grade levels. Research shows that concrete representational abstract framework of instruction helps to bridge this gap for students with MD. In this article, we provide an overview of this strategy embedded within the explicit instruction framework. We highlight effective practices for each component of the framework across different mathematical strands. Implications for practice are also discussed and a detailed case study is provided. 相似文献
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of strategy instruction on the reading literacy of students with mild and moderate intellectual disability. Students aged 15–21 with intellectual disability (n=35) participated in 24 sessions of literacy strategy instruction (experimental condition) or remedial literacy‐skill acquisition‐ lessons (control condition). The main objective of strategy instruction was to foster comprehension monitoring. Through shared dialogues, students were trained to generate questions about text, to summarise what was read, to clarify difficult words and to make predictions. The strategies were taught using the reciprocal teaching method developed by Palincsar and Brown. This method involves provision of support adjusted to students’ difficulties and peer teaching of strategies. Control subjects were exposed to direct instruction of basic reading skills that were presented sequentially and practiced solitarily by the students. Opportunities were given to respond to questions and to summarise but no strategy instruction was provided to foster comprehension monitoring. Two different measures of comprehension and a measure of strategy use were administered to test for variation across different methods of instruction. Findings on all measures provide support for the claim that strategy instruction is indeed superior to traditional remedial methods of skill acquisition in fostering reading literacy comprehension. These findings challenge the common perception that literacy is an organic impossibility for people defined as intellectually disabled. Moreover, the results add to recent research in sociocognitive instruction that supports the need to modify prevailing methods of reading curriculum and suggests a reconceptualisation of the comprehension process and its instruction to students with intellectual disabilities. 相似文献