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1.
S Silverman 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》1991,62(4):352-364
This article reviews research on teaching in physical education. I first consider research methodology employed in this area and then examine research related to instructional effectiveness, classroom ecology, and cognition and decision making. Conclusions and future directions are then presented that have implications for researchers, teachers, and teacher educators. 相似文献
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The purpose of this study was to ascertain the educational value orientations of physical education teachers in Taiwan, and the relationships of gender, teaching experience, grade level, and the locations in which they work. Value orientations were measured with the Value Orientation Inventory-2, which was translated into complicated Chinese for this study. Participants (N=353) were recruited via stratified random sampling from the population of physical education teachers in Taiwan; 152 participants had one high-priority value orientation and a smaller number (n=76) had more than one high-priority value orientation. Other physical education teachers (n=124) had one or more low-priority value orientations. Taiwanese physical educators possess multiple, diverse value orientations and the largest percentage of strong value orientation scores was for the value orientation of learning process. The specific characteristics of Taiwanese physical educators include: (a) more males prioritizing disciplinary mastery and learning process, but more females prioritizing social responsibility; (b) more experienced teachers prioritizing learning process; (c) more elementary school teachers prioritizing social responsibility; and (d) more rural teachers prioritizing disciplinary mastery and learning process. Both the culture and the curriculum goals of physical education contribute to the differences of value orientations. Thus, Taiwanese physical educators emphasize self-control, self-concept, and social responsibility to achieve the coordination of body and spirit in their practices. 相似文献
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ABSTRACTIn recent years, physical literacy (PL) has been the subject of increased publication, promotion, and speculation in physical education (PE). This research sought to understand how PE teachers interpret PL. We investigated teacher’s conceptualisations, understandings, practices, and ideas of ‘what’ PL stands for through a #Chat conversation with physical educators on Twitter. This generated qualitative data that were interpretively analysed. An ‘everyday philosophy’ of PL emerged from the physical educators’ relationship with the PL concept, alongside the notion that some use social media as a PL advocacy tool. A lack of sophistication was evident in the PE teachers understanding and operationalization of PL. We conclude that perhaps too much time and effort has been spent ‘adapting’ PL to national contexts, personal, and institutional agendas, rather than investing in the pedagogical and content knowledge of PE teachers to deliver on the concept of PL. We suggest that it is empirical research rather than academic opinionating that is needed to establish the validity of PL for PE. 相似文献
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Christopher J. Cushion Mark Griffiths Kathleen Armour 《Sport, Education and Society》2019,24(5):533-546
Professional coach educators are key to the success of coach education and play a crucial role in developing coaching practice. However, coach education research remains remarkably coach centric with little attention paid to the coach educator or the broader role of the socio-cultural context that frames the learning process. Four professional coach educators working for a Sport Governing Body in-situ with twenty five professional clubs took part in interviews and focus groups over the course of a year. In addition, interviews were undertaken with nine academy managers and thirty two coaches as well as observations in eight of the clubs. This paper focuses on the coach educators specifically and aims to understand the nature of coach educators' social reality and practice by examining something of the relational nature of the coach educators and their practice in context. Using the work of Bourdieu the paper engages in epistemic reflexivity and attempts to uncover coach educators' social and intellectual unconscious embedded in and reflected through their social practice. Findings show the operation of a number of socially constructed legitimating principles where the success or failure of the coach educator's practice and learning was inextricably linked to power. Each club (field) was a field of struggles, and coach educators had to play a symbolic and relational game being defined by and, at the same time, struggling to define these relations. Hence practice for the coach educators was both social and embodied. 相似文献
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Niki Tsangaridou 《Physical Education & Sport Pedagogy》2017,22(3):283-300
Background: Educational scholars emphasize that in order to gain a better understanding of the complexity of teaching, greater attention needs to be paid to teachers’ views and perceptions of the challenges and barriers of teaching.Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe preschool teachers’ views and perceptions of the main challenges of teaching physical education. The major question addressed was: what are the main challenges that preschool teachers face in teaching physical education, and based on their experiences what suggestions do the preschool teachers make in reference to early childhood physical education?Data collection and analysis: Four experienced early childhood educators from Cyprus volunteered to participate in this study. Data were collected through formal interviews and were analyzed inductively via individual-case and cross-case analysis.Findings: The findings suggest that the four early childhood teachers believed that the main aim of physical education, in the early years, is to provide children with opportunities to develop their psychomotor, cognitive, and social skills. Although the participants consider physical education to be an important subject in the school curriculum, they admitted that it has been undermined to a great extent and is viewed as a marginal subject. Findings from the study suggest that the four early childhood educators faced common barriers, deficiencies, and constraints, relative to the teaching resources. Finally, the participants called for meaningful professional development programs. Implications of these findings for educators are discussed. 相似文献
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Developing teacher education programmes founded upon principles of critical pedagogy and social justice has become increasingly difficult in the current neoliberal climate of higher education. In this article, we adopt a narrative approach to illuminate some of the dilemmas which advocates of education for social justice face and to reflect upon how pedagogy for inclusion in the field of physical education (PE) teacher education (PETE) is defined and practiced. As a professional group, teacher educators seem largely hesitant to expose themselves to the researcher's gaze, which is problematic if we expect preservice teachers to engage in messy, biographical reflexivity with regard to their own teaching practice. By engaging in self- and collective biographical story sharing about ‘our’ teacher educator struggles in England and Norway, we hope that the reader can identify ‘her/his’ struggles in the narratives about power and domination, and the spaces of opportunity in between. 相似文献
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“纯粹体育”思想是对于体育本真的追寻探求,是在社会深刻变革的今天,对于体育在学校体育发展中的思想回归思考。文章通过文献查阅,分析了当前体育发展出现的体育课程难以保质保量、研究领域泛化、社会对于体育认知偏差等问题,提出体育教育者的初心使命与“纯粹体育”思想内涵一脉相承,体育的深度发展离不开坚守“纯粹体育”思想的体育教育者,学生的德智体美劳全面发展和人格塑造离不开“纯粹体育”思想的指导。 相似文献
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Ping Xiang Melinda A. Solmon Ron E. McBride 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(2):185-194
Using Nicholl's (1989) and Dweck's (1999, 2002) theories on ability as conceptual frameworks, this study explored teachers' and students' conceptions of ability in elementary physical education. Participants were 8 physical education specialists from five public schools and 160 students from their second- and fourth-grade classes. Teacher and student interviews and questionnaires were used for data collection. When asked to describe the “best” and “poorest” students in their physical education classes, teachers defined or referenced student status solely in terms of class behavior and effort, such as participation and working hard. In contrast, students primarily used ability-related indicators, such as task mastery and social comparison along with class behavior as criteria of their own ability. Overall, teachers and students had different views of “good” students in elementary physical education. In an era of standards-based learning and accountability in education, teachers may need to focus more on a task-involved climate by taking into account student learning and achievement. 相似文献
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Eileen McEvoy Pilvikki Heikinaro-Johansson Ann MacPhail 《Sport, Education and Society》2017,22(7):812-824
The aim of this paper was to gain an understanding of the views of a group of physical education teacher educators on the purpose(s) of school physical education and whether, how and why these views have changed over time. Semi-structured individual interviews were carried out with thirteen physical education teacher educators; a fourteenth participant responded to interview questions in writing. Participants were based in seven countries: Belgium, Finland, Germany, Ireland, New Zealand, Switzerland and the USA. A relative consensus on the overarching purpose of physical education was evident, centred on physical education preparing young people for a lifetime of physical activity. The framing of this shared purpose differed somewhat between participants, reflecting a range of perspectives on the value of physical activity. Delineating the boundaries of their subject, participants characterised obesity prevention and maximising in-class physical activity as potential by-products rather than as goals of the subject. The views of many had changed over time, influenced by such factors as findings from research, societal expectations and a perceived need to legitimise physical education within school and university contexts. We note that many of the influences acting on the views of the physical education teacher educators are also known to affect practicing teachers. This suggests a possibility, in the open reflection of physical education teacher educators on the interaction between their views and the institutional and societal contexts within which they work, to provide future teachers with alternative value pathways paved with relatable explanations and shared experiences. 相似文献
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冉婷 《体育科技文献通报》2014,(8):6-10
礼仪教育具有人格塑造、人际交流的价值;有助于塑造个人的良好形象、建立良好的人际关系、培养体育参与者参赛、观赛修养等;为考察大学体育中礼仪教育的途径与方法,对大学体育交谊舞中实施礼仪教育进行研究。结果表明：在大学体育教学中进行礼仪教育是大学体育中实施礼仪教育的有效途径,并得出结论：“术”多是体育教学中礼仪教学重要特点;“知易行难”是体育教学中礼仪教学主要难点;教师榜样示范法、形体实训法、冶情优教法、情境模拟法在体育礼仪教学中较受学生喜爱,同时提出建议：建立相关机制,促进大学体育中礼仪教育发展;重视体育礼仪教材编写;加强师资建设。 相似文献
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打造高素质专业化教师队伍是我国实现教育强国目标的基础保障和必然要求。在以培育学生体育核心素养为前提的体育教师职业核心素养研究是当前体育学界关注的热点领域之一。运用扎根理论，采用自下而上的理论建构方式，对CCTV体育频道《我是体育教师》栏目中义务教育阶段26位卓越体育教师受访视频的转录稿进行三阶段编码，构建卓越体育教师职业核心素养的内涵，包括职业精神、职业态度和专业修养3个方面。通过分析他们的职业成长路径发现，义务教育阶段卓越体育教师的核心素养形成机制为：教师原生形态是其核心素养的形成基础，教师入职后的职业发展认知是形成其核心素养的动力源泉，而教师所处的外部环境是促进其核心素养形成的催化剂。 相似文献
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Anne Flintoff Fiona Dowling Hayley Fitzgerald 《Physical Education & Sport Pedagogy》2015,20(5):559-570
Background: The persistent gaps between a largely white profession and ethnically diverse school populations have brought renewed calls to support teachers' critical engagement with race. Programmes examining the effects of racism have had limited impact on practice, with student teachers responding with either denial, guilt or fear; they also contribute to a deficit view of racialised students in relation to an accepted white ‘norm’, and position white teachers ‘outside’ of race. Recent calls argue for a shift in focus towards an examination of the workings of the dominant culture through a critical engagement with whiteness, positioning white teachers within the processes of racialisation. Teacher educators' roles are central, and yet, while we routinely expect student teachers to reflect critically on issues of social justice, we have been less willing to engage in such work ourselves. This is particularly the case within physical education teacher education (PETE), an overwhelmingly white, embodied space, and where race and racism as professional issues are largely invisible.Purpose: This paper examines the operation of whiteness within PETE through a critical reflection on the three co-authors' careers and experiences working for social justice. The research questions were twofold: How are race, (anti) racism and whiteness constructed through everyday experiences of families, schooling and teacher education? How can collective biography be used to excavate discourses of race, racism and whiteness as the first step towards challenging them? In beginning the process of reflecting on what it means for us ‘to do own work’ in relation to (anti) racism, we examine some of the tensions and challenges for teacher educators in PE attempting to work to dismantle whiteness.Methodology: As co-authors, we engaged in collective biography work – a process in which we reflected upon, wrote about and shared our embodied experiences and memories about race, racism and whiteness as educators working for social justice. Using a critical whiteness lens, these narratives were examined for what they reveal about the collective practices and discourses about whiteness and (anti)racism within PETE.Results: The narratives reveal the ways in which whiteness operates within PETE through processes of naturalisation, ex-denomination and universalisation. We have been educated, and now work within, teacher education contexts where professional discourse about race at best focuses on understanding the racialised ‘other’, and at worse is invisible. By drawing on a ‘racialised other’, deficit discourse in our pedagogy, and by ignoring race in own research on inequalities in PETE, we have failed to disrupt universalised discourses of ‘white-as-norm’, or addressed our own privileged racialised positioning. Reflecting critically on our biographies and careers has been the first step in recognising how whiteness works in order that we can begin to work to disrupt it.Conclusion: The study highlights some of the challenges of addressing (anti)racism within PETE and argues that a focus on whiteness might offer a productive starting point. White teacher educators must critically examine their own role within these processes if they are to expect student teachers to engage seriously in doing the same. 相似文献
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Macdonald D 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》1999,70(1):41-54
This study investigates whether experienced physical education teachers perceive the same frustrations and negative orientations as beginning teachers. Furthermore, it considers if the professionalization-deprofessionalization tension is a useful theoretical framework for analyzing the perspectives of experienced physical educators. In-depth interviews were conducted with 11 experienced physical education teachers. Data suggest that in many respects their working conditions and orientations are more supportive and positive than those reported for beginning physical educators. After presenting the teachers' perspectives in terms of their sense of commitment, competence, and power, it is concluded that the professional satisfaction of these experienced teachers can be instructive for improving the working conditions of all teachers. 相似文献
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This study was grounded in the belief systems and physical activity literature and investigated preservice teachers' belief systems toward curricular outcomes for physical education programs. Preservice teachers (N = 486; men = 62%, women = 38%) from 18 U.S. colleges/universities shared their beliefs about curricular outcomes. Preservice teachers completed a previously validated belief systems instrument designed to measure the relative importance of four outcome goals for programs (physical activity/fitness, self-actualization, motor skill development, and social development). Internal consistency reliability for the instrument was .98. A confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated a good fit of the current sample to the hypothesized outcomes model. Multivariate analysis of variance results revealed a significant interaction in outcome preservice teachers' priorities for year in school by region. The teachers' views also differed on the important outcome goals for physical education. Two critical “tensions” are discussed: (a) the need to examine more fully the consistency of preservice teacher/teacher belief systems, and (b) implications for teacher education and professional development programming. It is important to heed prospective teachers' voices and address their belief systems in teacher education programs. 相似文献
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This study investigated factors that enhanced and constrained the career development of six teachers, who had graduated from the same university teacher education program, in their induction years (Woods & Earls, 1995) and again later in their career cycles. Three participants were physical education teachers (PETs), and three were former physical education teachers (FPETs). Fessler's (1985) Teacher Career Stage Model provided the theoretical framework. Data sources were: interviews with teachers and their teacher educators and direct observations of lessons. Results indicated that the PETs continued to have skill development as their primary teaching objective. The teachers maintained many of their teaching skills, and shifted between the career cycles of "competency building" and "enthusiastic and growing." All three FPETs left their physical education positions during the career frustration stage and at the time of publication were in the career exit stage. 相似文献
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课程改革和社会发展需求的不断变化对高校体育教师的教学能力提出了更高的要求。运用文献资料法、逻辑分析法、归纳法等研究方法,以胜任力为切入点对高校体育教师教学能力进行体系构建,并以此为依据提出高校体育教师胜任力发展的具体办法。结论:高校体育教师胜任力评价指标包括完善的知识体系和扎实的技能、与时俱进的思维认知和理解能力、组织管理与创新能力。高校体育教师胜任力的提升应以“自力更生为主,争取外援为辅”为思路,建立基于胜任力结构内容的合理考评体系、自主构建健全的个体职业素养、完善胜任力结构内容培训机制,进一步促进高校体育教育事业的发展。 相似文献
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高校教师的健康关系到高等教育质量等社会发展问题。影响高校教师健康的因素有躯体因素、环境因素、心理因素和行为因素。研究表明高校教师长期面临社会、工作和心理3方面的压力,从而导致高校教师的身体健康状况不佳,特别是中青年教师健康状况堪忧。从研究现状来看,缺乏对物理环境因素的探讨,对社会环境的影响研究也存在缺陷,重复研究现象严重,缺乏横向比较和纵向跟踪研究,对西部地区关注不足。应该加强对高校教师健康的跟踪研究,准确把高校教师健康变化情况,为高校教师的健康促进提高依据。 相似文献