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1.
The following article is an abstract of the booklet “Frauen an der Hochschule” (Women in Higher Education), published by Mrs. Wiederkehr‐Benz in August 1980, Zurich.>

The article, sent to us by Mrs. Wiederkehr‐Benz, is meant to provide the reader with some complementary information concerning the situation of women in higher education in Switzerland, The article stresses the consequences of early socialization, and later role‐conflicts in performance oriented system of higher education. Similar lines of thought have also been expressed in the articles on the Netherlands and FRG.

Mrs. Wiederkehr‐Benz is a psychologist attached to the"Psyahologische Studentenberatungsstelle” (Centre for Student Counselling), of Zürich's institutions of higher education.  相似文献   


2.
Staff development of university teachers has become one of the important issues facing higher education today, especially in the context of present scientific, technological and cultural changes, and is even considered imperative to lifelong education. It is also increasingly drawing the attention and interest of the staff concerned as well as of planners and decision makers in higher education.

In this context we present the following article, written for “Higher Education in Europe” by Professor Vladimir N. Siomin of the USSR's Ministry of Higher and Specialized Secondary Education.  相似文献   


3.
Oreated ten years ago, "Ingenieurhochschulen” have already acquired considerable experience with regard to relations between education, research and production. They have also become an important component of the GDR's higher education system and training institutions for highly qualified manpower for industry and agriculture.

In this context we present an article written for “Higher Education in Europe” by Professor Eeinhard Gotimev, Rector of the Engineering Institute in Mittweida (GDR).  相似文献   


4.
Teacher education in Czechoslovakia is part of a unified national provision of education; this covers in‐service as well as pre‐service training. The basis is that of training at Higher education level followed by life‐long upgrading.

The Marxist‐Leninist view is that the quality of the teacher is central to the educational process. Consequently, the initial and in‐service training of the teacher are of paramount importance, and the Czechoslovak system aims at an integrated approach to the entire process. In this process, acquisition of ideological, as well as professional, maturity, is seen as essential. Equally, the teacher must master his chosen discipline (s) in the scientific sense.

Additionally, it is important that the teacher be able to participate actively in the community—in, for example, family education, health care and concern for the environment.

Against this background of goals, the author outlines the Czechoslovak institutional provision for initial training, conditions for enrolment and the process of obtaining a post, before providing an in‐depth examination of the country's provision of in‐service education. A final section emphasises the position of the teacher in society, and specifically in socialist society. The teacher is, quite simply, a key figure and teacher education has to be built around this fact.

Svatopluk S. Petrá?ek is Professor of Education and Director of the European Centre of the Charles University for Further Education of Teachers.  相似文献   


5.
In the Federal Republio of Germany, institutions of higher education will encounter an increase in demand for student places during the 1980's. This demand is expected in the mid‐1980's to reach 850,000 places. At the same time substantial changes, concerning job opportunities for higher education graduates, will take place on the labour market.

The following information is based on the analyses and recommendations, concerning the above problems, which were presented in the report of the FRG Scientific Council (Wissenschaftsrat) entitled “Recommendations on the Structure and Extent of Higher Education”.  相似文献   


6.
From 29 August to 1 September 1978 the 4th International Conference in Higher Education “Post‐Compulsory Education in the 1980s” was held at the University of Lancaster. The conference which drew some 250 participants from 25 countries and representatives of several international organizations concentrated on the following problems of higher education in the context of their implications for the future development in this field: structures of post‐compulsory education; higher education and working life; staff development; student learning; role of the media in higher education; and priorities for the 1980s.

The work of the conference was carried out in plenary and working party sessions. In the sessions of the working parties, each group discussed one of the above‐listed conference issues. During the plenary sessions the following addresses were presented:

  • the opening address on the present problems of higher education and their implications for its situation in the 1980s, by Lord Briggs, Worcester College, Oxford;

  • On “The many faces of academic coordination”, by Professor Burton R. Clark, Director of the Higher Education Research Group, Yale University;

  • “Evaluating recurrent education reform or reforming recurrent evaluation in higher education?” by Professor Urban Dahllof from University of Upsala; and

  • a summary of the work of the conference by Lord Vaizey,. Brunel University

The conference identified a number of problems, e.g. demographic changes affecting potential student populations in the 1980s, changes in the structure and content of university level education (mainly in the context of higher education systems in the developed countries. We present below the views expressed at the conference, concentrating on those given during the plenary sessions.  相似文献   


7.
The Federal Assembly of the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic approved, on 10 April 1980, the new law (Nr.39/80) on higher education. This law was under preparation nearly three years by the Czech and Slovak ministries of education and representatives of universities and other institutes of higher education as we'll as experts in charge of economic and social development. Starting from 1 September 1980 it will replace the previous law on higher education (Nr. 19/66) that has been in effect since 1966.

The following article, written for “Higher Education in Europe” by Professor Jiri M#akeri?ka, Director of the Research Institute on Engineering Studies in Prague, presents the main elements of this new law.  相似文献   


8.
This is a summary, written for CEPES, of the background paper prepared for the study conference “Women and Higher Education” organized by the Study Centre OTO, October 29‐30 1980 in Noordwijkerhout, Netherlands.

The article summarizes the principal currents of discussion in the Netherlands pertaining to the question of women in higher education, and draws an analytical picture of major obstacles encountered by women in Dutch higher education.  相似文献   


9.
The aim of the CEPES Round Table on The Contribution of Higher Education in Europe to the Development of Changing Societies (Bucharest, 21‐23 September 1976) was to exchange ideas and experience on the role of higher education in Europe in view of the general changes in present‐day society, and also with regard to the Final Act of the Helsinki Conference on Security and Co‐operation in Europe. The following eleven participants took part in the meeting:

  • Professor György Adam (Hungary), Rector of Budapest University;

  • Professor Gunnar Adler‐Karlsson (Sweden), Roskilde University;

  • Professor Hélène Ahrweiler (France), President of the University of Paris I;

  • Professor Johan Galtung (Norway), Director General of the Inter‐University Centre of Post‐Graduate Studies in Dubrovnik;

  • Dr. Stefan Kwiatkowski (Poland), Deputy Director of the Institute of Science Policy and Higher Education in Warsaw;

  • Professor Mircea Malita (Romania), Bucharest University,’ Counsellor to the President of the Socialist Republic of Romania;

  • Professor Manfred Nast (GDR), Secretary to the Council of Higher Education Institutions of the German Democratic Republic;

  • Professor James A. Perkins (USA), Chairman of the International Council for Educational Development (ICED);

  • Professor Branko Pribicevic (Yugoslavia), Belgrade University;

  • Professor Ludwig Raiser (FRG), President of the Standing Conference of Rectors and Vice‐chancellors of the European Universities (CRE);

Professor Yuri Zhdanov (USSR), Rector of Rostov University.

Also at the meeting were observers and representatives from the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), Council of Europe, International Association of Universities (IAU), the European Cultural Foundation and Association des Universités Partiellement ou Entièrement de Langue Frangaise (AUPELF).

The meeting was opened by the Representative of the Director General of UNESCO, Mr. René Ochs, Director of the Division of Higher Education and of Training of Education Personnel.

H.E. Mrs. Suzana Gddea, Minister of Education and Learning of the Socialist Republic of Romania, addressed the meeting during the inaugural session on behalf of the Romanian Government.

We give below a summary of the discussions. This is not an official report of the meeting. (For further information on this meeting and its follow‐up see page 32 in this issue.)  相似文献   


10.
The impact of engineers on the environment, particularly in the processes of urbanization, industrial production and in the search for energy resources is generally recognized.

Ecological repercussions of the project or construction where there has been a lack of appreciation of environmental harmony might have negative consequences affecting many people. Recognition of this situation is reflected in the numerous efforts of national and international organizations to reorganize engineering studies and to in‐corporate environmental education in the training of engineers.

The following article was written, for “Higher Education in Europe” and deals with Unesco's activities in the area of development of environmental education of engineers. It was written by Albert Sasson from the Division of Ecological Science of Unesco.  相似文献   


11.
The design and management of higher education systems are important factors in discussions on planning organization and financing of higher education.

We present below information on the administration structure and management of the French higher education system based on part of the study “Systems of Higher Education: France” written by Professor Alain Bienaymé of the University of Paris‐IX Dauphine, which was sponsored by the International Council for Educational Development (ICED).  相似文献   


12.
Historically the Spanish university has been closely tied to the European elitist model, devoted to culture, pure science and research. More recently it has found itself facing the necessity of answering the demands made ‘by economic development.

The socio‐cultural changes and the advances taking place in the country during the 1960s have produced an explosion in the student population and in the number of those from the lower social strata who are demanding higher education. A widespread policy of scholarships which developed in the 1970s resulted in the university's becoming accessible to those who previously did not have the financial means. But these positive developments are the cause of difficulties which face Spanish higher education. They are analysed in the following article written for “Higher Education in Europe” by Professor Julio R. Villanueva, former Rector of the University of Salamanca and former President of the Spanish Rectors’ Conference. Professor Villanueva is the current Chairman of the CEPES Advisory Committee.  相似文献   


13.
The information below is based on the recently published survey of the research projects of the Pedagogical Research Centre for Higher Education in Budapest, for the period 1976‐1980.

This institute is one of the four central educational research institutions in Hungary, the other three being the National Institute of Education, the Educational Research Institute at the Hungarian Academy of Sciences and the Institute of Popular Education.  相似文献   


14.
The 11th Conference of the Ministers of Higher Education of Socialist Countries was held in Balaton‐Aliga (Hungary) from 17 to 19 October 1978.

The following information was provided by Dr. Franciszek Januszkie‐wicz for “Higher Education in Europe”. Dr. Januszkiewicz, of the Institute of Science Policy, Technological Progress and Higher Education in Warsaw, is also Managing Editor of the “Contemporary Higher Education” the international journal on higher education in the socialist countries.  相似文献   


15.
The article explains the techniques and the use of institutional self‐assessments in the evaluation of higher education insitutions in England by the Higher Education Funding Council for England. It also evokes the use of performance indicators in such assessments. A strong link exists, in the United Kingdom, between the results of institutional evaluations and level of funding.

  相似文献   


16.
Promotion of environmental education in higher education and Unesco activities in this context, especially in light of the work and recommendations of the Intergovernmental Conference on Environmental Education, are presented in the following article.

It was written for “Higher Education in Europe” by Victor Kolybine from the Environmental Education Section of Unesco.  相似文献   


17.
As a result of the growth in student population, special attention is being given to the effectiveness of teaching at institutions of higher education.

The following article, written for “Higher Education in Europe” by Dr. Sigurd Höllinger from the Austrian Federal Ministry of Science, and Research, analyses the above problem in the context of the results of the. Seminar “Studienerfolg als Informations ‐ und Orientierungsproblem ‐ Konsequenzeh der OECD‐Landerpriifung” (Academic Success as Determined by Information and Orientation ‐Results of the OECD's Country Survey) held from 25 to 26 April 1977 in Vienna.  相似文献   


18.
The subject of the 12th Biannual Conference of the Standing Conference of Rectors and Vice‐Chancellors of European Universities (CRE) held on 8‐9 April 1976 in Munich, was “Foreign students and their access to universities”. The Conference analysed this theme on the basis of the following three papers:

  • “Reflections on the Problem of Student Mobility in Europe” by Professor Dr. Hansgerd Schulte, President of the German Academic Exchange Service, Bonn

  • “Reflections on Problems of Student Mobility from the Third World” by Professor Dr. Gerhard Grohs, Berlin

  • “Mobility of Students and Mutual Recognition of Diplomas in the European Community” by Karl H. Massoth, Head of Division, Directorate‐General for Research, Science and Education, Commission of the European Communities, Brussels

Information on UNESCO's involvement with the subject of the Conference and on the objectives and activities of the UNESCO European Centre for Higher Education was given by its Director (see page 30).

We give below the main elements of the three above‐mentioned papers.  相似文献   


19.
We have received numerous requests to present in “Higher Education in Europe”, in relatively short form, the main features of higher education systems in the different countries of the Unesco European Region.

As partial response to these requests, we present below a survey on the Swiss system of higher education, written for “Higher Education in Europe” by Dr. Esther C. Garke from the Swiss Federal Office for Education and Science, and CEPES Liaison Officer in Switzerland.

We also take this opportunity to invite our readers to provide us with papers or documents for similar presentations.  相似文献   


20.
Seven major United States higher education associations are Charter members of the US Council for International Co‐operation in Higher Education (CICHE) whose objective is to encourage international educational collaboration between US higher education and the higher education communities of other countries. The creation of the Council has been recommended by the study “International Linkages in Higher Education Feasibility Study”.

We give below information on this study and the main task of CICHE.  相似文献   


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