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对湖南土家族7~18岁学生2005年与1985年的身体形态、机能发育和素质发展进行多指标对比分析.结果表明,20年间湖南土家族学生身体形态有明显的增长、生长发育有提前的趋势;血压、肺活量等生理机能指标有所下降;身体素质发展不平衡,耐力和柔韧素质呈下降趋势,建议加强土家族青少年学生的体育锻炼和营养的补给. 相似文献
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对湖南土家族7-18岁学生2005年与1985年的身体形态、机能发育和素质发展进行多指标对比分析.结果表明，20年间湖南土家族学生身体形态有明显的增长、生长发育有提前的趋势；血压、肺活量等生理机能指标有所下降；身体素质发展不平衡，耐力和柔韧素质呈下降趋势，建议加强土家族青少年学生的体育锻炼和营养的补给. 相似文献
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目的:观察健身气功·六字诀对大学生身体形态、机能和素质的影响。方法:随机抽取100名湖北中医药大学在校大学生为研究对象,进行16周的六字诀练习,并测定、比较练习前后身体形态、机能和素质等相关指标的变化。结果:练习16周六字诀后,受试大学生的腰围明显减小,BMI降低,心率减缓,肺活量增大,有氧耐力、运动素质、柔韧性和平衡性提高,且四肢肌力有明显的提高。结论:充分说明练习健身气功.六字诀可以提高大学生整体机能水平。 相似文献
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通过采用测量、数理统计、查阅文献资料和专家论证等方法,对内地和西藏本地藏族大学生的身体形态、机能、素质指标进行检验、对比分析与研究。结果表明：身体形态方面,两地大学生身高指标无差异,但内地藏族大学生中的大个肥胖学生多于西藏本地藏族大学生;呼吸机能和有氧耐力指标,内地藏族大学生要高于西藏本地藏族大学生;力量素质水平两地学生存在差异,发展状况基本相似。 相似文献
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杭州市城乡学生体质状况比较研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
俞世军 《湖州师范学院学报》2008,30(2)
采用体质监测、文献资料调研和数理统计等方法,对杭州市城乡学生的体质状况进行调查研究.结果显示,杭州市城乡学牛的身体形态、机能和素质等指标,均随着年龄的增长而呈上升趋势,增幅均随着年龄的增长而呈下降趋势.在各项指标方面.城市学牛除耐力项目指标和男生力量项日指标低于乡村同龄学生外,其余各项指标均高于乡村同龄学生.他们的身体形态、机能和素质指标,除极少部分指标城乡同龄学生基本相近外,绝大部分指标城乡同龄学生均存在着一定的差异. 相似文献
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刘志明 《湖州师范学院学报》2007,29(2):107-111
采用体质监测、文献资料调研和数理统计等方法,对当前宁波市农村学生的身体形态、机能、素质等指标进行调研分析.结果发现:宁波市农村学生的身体形态、机能、素质等指标随着年龄的增长呈上升趋势,增幅随着年龄的增长呈下降趋势.各项指标,除身体机能和女生16岁、17岁、18岁年龄组的50m指标低于全国同龄农村学生外,其余各项指标均高于全国同龄农村学生.身体形态指标,除男生18岁年龄组的胸围和女生16岁、17岁、18岁年龄组体重指标与全国同龄农村学生基本相近外,其余各组的各项指标均与全国同龄农村学生存在着一定差异.身体机能指标,除男生13岁、14岁年龄组与全国同龄农村学生基本相近外,其余各组均与全国同龄农村学生存在着一定的差异.身体素质指标,大部分与全国同龄农村学生基本相近,少部分与全国同龄农村学生存在着差异. 相似文献
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运用文献研究法、测试法、数理统计法和比较分析法,对成都师范学院近三年的大学生体能测试数据进行了分析和研究,发现近三年的大学生除身体形态指标均值波动幅度不大外,生理机能指标和身体素质指标均呈持续下降的趋势,低于全国同龄大学生水平,且呈显著性差异.分析了造成这一现象的原因,并提出解决问题的措施和方法. 相似文献
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以广西现代职业技术学院2009级学生连续2年的体质健康测试结果统计数据为依据,对大学生身体形态、机能、素质指标进行对比分析,确定学生的体质状况以达到综合评价的目的,为教学改革提供可参考依据. 相似文献
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The present study focused on CBM written language procedures by conducting an investigation of the developmental, gender, and practical considerations surrounding three categories of CBM written language scoring indices: production‐dependent, production‐independent, and accurate‐production. Students in first‐ through eighth‐grade generated a three‐minute writing sample in the fall and spring of the school year using standard CBM procedures. The writing samples were scored using all three types of scoring indices to assess the trends in scoring indices for students of varying ages and gender and of the time required to score writing samples using various scoring indices. With only one exception, older students outperformed younger students on all of the scoring indices. Although at the middle school level students' levels of writing fluency and writing accuracy were not closely associated, at the younger grade levels the CBM indices were significantly related. With regard to gender differences, girls outperformed boys on measures of writing fluency at all grade levels. The average scoring time per writing sample ranged from 1‐1/2 to 2‐1/2 minutes (depending on grade level). © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Psychol Schs 40: 379–390, 2003. 相似文献
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《The Journal of educational research》2012,105(5):178-182
AbstractThis study investigated sex and grade differences of 503 disadvantaged students in kindergarten to grade three on behavioral traits delineated by orthogonal factor analysis. Six factors were extracted and factor scores used as dependent variables in univariate analyses of variance. Primary results indicated that a) creativity indices among disadvantaged students in the sample decreased steadily from kindergarten to grade three, and b) contrary to research conducted with general population $s, girls in the sample exhibited more aggressive behavior than boys and were no more dependent on the teacher than the boys. Possible explanations and implication are discussed. 相似文献
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We examined summary indices of high school performance (coursework, grades, and test scores) based on the graded response model (GRM). The indices varied by inclusion of ACT test scores and whether high school courses were constrained to have the same difficulty and discrimination across groups of schools. The indices were examined with respect to skewness, incremental prediction of college degree attainment, and differences across racial/ethnic and socioeconomic subgroups. The most difficult high school courses to earn an “A” grade included calculus, chemistry, trigonometry, other advanced math, physics, algebra 2, and geometry. The GRM‐based indices were less skewed than simple high school grade point average (HSGPA) and had higher correlations with ACT Composite score. The index that included ACT test scores and allowed item parameters to vary by school group was most predictive of college degree attainment, but had larger subgroup differences. Implications for implementing multiple measure models for college readiness are discussed. 相似文献
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Christy M. Walcott Amber Upton Larry M. Bolen Michael B. Brown 《Psychology in the schools》2008,45(6):550-561
Different functions within different forms of aggression were examined in relation to peer‐perceived preference and popularity among middle school students. Two hundred and three 7th grade students were nominated by a subset of their grade mates based on indices of likeability, popularity, and aggressiveness. Both linear and curvilinear associations were examined. Lower peer preference, but higher popularity, was associated with increased levels of all types of aggression, supporting the need to differentiate the relationship between aggression and these two facets of peer status. Relational aggression was associated with both low and high levels of popularity. Overt aggression was related to low peer preference and, to a lesser degree, high peer preference. It appears that what separates low‐ and high‐status students is not the presence of aggression per se, but how effectively their displays of aggression achieve their social goals. Findings are discussed in respect to social dominance theory, and implications for practice are considered. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
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Leonard A. Jason Karen E. Danner Andrew M. Weine Karen S. Kurasaki Jay H. Johnson Luann Warren-Sohlberg Olga Reyes 《Early education and development》1994,5(4):277-288
Two cohorts of children from inner-city elementary schools were provided a tutoring intervention to help in their transition to new schools. Participants were third, fourth, and fifth grade children who were identified as having low-income status, evidencing lags on achievement tests, and experiencing stressful life events. The intervention involved an orientation program with twice weekly paraprofessional tutoring. Two and three year academic and sociometric follow-up data were collected. Those provided the intervention evidenced some improvements over time, and these changes were most prominent in the area of reading grades. Fewer significant findings were found on sociometric indices. 相似文献
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《Early education and development》2013,24(4):277-288
Two cohorts of children from inner-city elementary schools were provided a tutoring intervention to help in their transition to new schools. Participants were third, fourth, and fifth grade children who were identified as having low-income status, evidencing lags on achievement tests, and experiencing stressful life events. The intervention involved an orientation program with twice weekly paraprofessional tutoring. Two and three year academic and sociometric follow-up data were collected. Those provided the intervention evidenced some improvements over time, and these changes were most prominent in the area of reading grades. Fewer significant findings were found on sociometric indices. 相似文献
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Faculty have long expressed concern about pseudoscience belief among students. Most US research on such beliefs examines evolution-creation issues among liberal arts students, the general public, and occasionally science educators. Because of their future influence on youth, we examined basic science knowledge and several pseudoscience beliefs among 540 female and 123 male upperclass preservice teachers, comparing them with representative samples of comparably educated American adults. Future teachers resembled national adults on basic science knowledge. Their scores on evolution; creationism; intelligent design; fantastic beasts; magic; and extraterrestrials indices depended on the topic. Exempting science education, preservice teachers rejected evolution, accepting Biblical creation and intelligent design accounts. Sizable minorities ??awaited more evidence?? about fantastic beasts, magic, or extraterrestrials. Although gender, disciplinary major, grade point average, science knowledge, and two religiosity measures related to beliefs about evolution-creation, these factors were generally unassociated with the other indices. The findings suggest more training is needed for preservice educators in the critical evaluation of material evidence. We also discuss the judicious use of pseudoscience beliefs in such training. 相似文献
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Katja Košir Sonja Pečjak 《Educational research; a review for teachers and all concerned with progress in education》2013,55(1):127-144
In sociometric research tradition, popularity is defined as the degree to which children are liked or accepted by their peers. However, research indicates that two definitions of popular students should be distinguished: (1) popular students as those students who are well liked by many and disliked by few peers, and (2) popular students as those students who are described as popular by their peers. The main purpose of the present study was to examine the relationship between sociometric and peer perceived popularity in Slovenian students of different grades of elementary and secondary school. Additionally, the age differences in the relationship between sociometric and peer perceived popularity were examined. Another purpose of the study was to investigate the differential relationships between concepts of popularity and some students' characteristics. The participants were 321 boys and 329 girls who ranged from the 5th grade of elementary school (the mean age 11.04 years) to the 3rd grade of secondary school (the mean age 17.02 years). The results of this study confirm previous findings that peer perceived popularity is a construct that is distinct from sociometric popularity. There are some substantial differences in relations between indices of perceived popularity and sociometric indices between elementary school students and secondary school students—i.e. between early adolescents and middle to late adolescents. It seems that perceived popularity and sociometric popularity are rather similar constructs in elementary school students, whereas in secondary school students they become almost unrelated to each other. Based on these findings, the terminological issues are discussed and some conclusions are made. 相似文献
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In this longitudinal study, the predictive relations between social difficulties in early childhood (grade 2) and subsequent internalizing as well as externalizing problems in middle childhood (grade 5) were examined. Of particular interest was whether early indices of social isolation would predict internalizing problems 3 years later. A longitudinal sample of 87 children were assessed in both grades 2 and 5 on a variety of measures, including sociometric ratings, peer assessments of aggression and isolation, and self-appraisals of social competence. In the second grade, observations of isolated and aggressive behavior were made, as well, and teacher ratings of internalizing and externalizing difficulties were obtained. In the fifth grade, teacher ratings of shy-anxious and acting-out behavior and self-reports of loneliness and self-esteem were collected. Consistent with previous research, results demonstrated predictive links between early peer rejection (unpopularity) and aggression and subsequent externalizing difficulties. Internalizing problems in middle childhood were significantly related to early social difficulties, particularly those of an internalizing sort, including poor peer acceptance, social isolation, and perceptions of social incompetence. Social isolation, then, may indeed be a risk factor in early development. 相似文献
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"Out-of-level" testing, assigning pupils to levels of a standardized test on the basis of previous (close to chance level) test scores rather than their present grade assignment, has been used in Philadelphia since 1968. An extensive number of pupils were tested in this way in 1970, in contrast to the two previous years, and overall performance indices seemed depressed as a result.
The test results of 1500 children tested out-of-level in 1970 were reviewed to see if their performance supported the rationale behind the practice. More reliable performance definitely resulted from the procedure for this sample, but there is considerable question about the publisher's assurance regarding comparability of in-level and out-of-level scores. 相似文献
The test results of 1500 children tested out-of-level in 1970 were reviewed to see if their performance supported the rationale behind the practice. More reliable performance definitely resulted from the procedure for this sample, but there is considerable question about the publisher's assurance regarding comparability of in-level and out-of-level scores. 相似文献