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1.
Abstract When athletes are placed into annual age groups to organize and coordinate sport participation, certain (dis)advantages occur as a result of the subtle age differences within these groups. These differences, termed “relative age effects”, have been consistently related to youth and adult sport attainment. However, there has been a lack of consistency in the terminology used in this area of research. In this paper, we consider the operational terms used in relative age research, discuss appropriate applications of terminology, and suggest directions for future research. Importantly, we argue for a unified understanding of what “relative age” means, stressing the need for clarity in directing future advances in the field. 相似文献
2.
社交媒体时代,体育内容极易在全球用户间形成口碑传播,体育口碑传播在提升我国文化软实力和国际话语权方面发挥重要作用。基于文献计量方法,旨在梳理体育口碑传播研究的内涵特征和发展脉络,对比国内外研究、体育口碑与口碑的研究,整理体育口碑传播研究的进路框架,以期推动理论研究发展。发现：体育口碑传播研究的特色体现在对无形服务、赞助效果等问题的识别,以及体育形象、具身体验对传播过程的影响等。通过归纳常见的测量方法,本研究提出“口碑传播意愿”和“口碑接收影响”可作为体育口碑传播效果的主要测量维度。基于“前因后果×传接双方×上下层次”的矩阵分析,本研究在体育用户需求与行为模式、体育口碑传播情境化和体育赛事传播与声誉治理方面提出了未来研究的命题与思考。 相似文献
3.
运动乐趣是指个体在参与体育运动过程中由于心理需求得到满足所产生的高兴、愉悦、快乐等中高趋向动机强度的积极情绪、情感体验。近年来,在国家政策的引领以及现实需求的推动下,运动乐趣相关研究备受学界重视。目前,运动乐趣强度主要通过《运动乐趣量表(PACES)》进行测量,随着研究的不断深入,在初始PACES的基础上修订成5个版本,其中4个版本已在我国进行了本土化修订。运动乐趣强度在年龄、性别等人口统计学变量上存在差异,且运动乐趣与运动动机存在重要关联,运动自我效能感与运动乐趣存在双向互惠关系,运动乐趣是促进运动参与和运动承诺最重要的因素。未来应厘清运动乐趣的概念,丰富并完善运动乐趣的测量,深化运动乐趣与相关变量间关系研究,并进一步构建本土化的运动乐趣机制模型,挖掘运动乐趣的产生与发展规律,进而探索行之有效的运动乐趣提升策略。 相似文献
4.
Kelly Webdale Joseph Baker Jörg Schorer 《International review of sport and exercise psychology》2020,13(1):187-204
ABSTRACT Though the existence of Relative Age Effects (RAEs) has been documented through a multitude of studies spanning various sports and levels of play, application of solutions related to RAEs has been limited. In this review, the strengths and weaknesses of various proposed solutions to RAEs in youth sport are considered. Our objective was to identify, collate, and disseminate a comprehensive list of solutions related to the prevalence of RAEs in youth sport. English language, peer-reviewed articles were searched using the SPORTDiscuss database. Keywords ‘relative age’, ‘relative age effect*’, and sport* were used to locate research articles. The inclusion criteria were the following: (1) publication date between January 1980 and December 2018; (2) solutions were suggested related to RAEs. Sixty-three peer-reviewed publications contained proposed solutions to RAEs. Many solutions have been proposed to address RAEs in sport. Most are theoretical and there has been no attempt to implement them. Future research should test possible proposed solutions to RAEs in sport. However, implementing these solutions has the potential to both positively and negatively affect career and life outcomes for those athletes involved. Therefore, it is important to be cautious in how these possible solutions are tested. 相似文献
5.
Anika Frühauf Will A. S. Hardy Ross Roberts Martin Niedermeier Martin Kopp 《Sportwissenschaft》2018,48(4):467-477
The aim of the present research was to validate German language versions of three inventories in high-risk sports to facilitate future research in the significant population of German speaking high-risk sports participants. We translated the Sensation Seeking, Emotion Regulation and Agency Scale (SEAS), the Risk-Taking Inventory and the Accidents and Close Calls in Sport Inventory into German, then tested the hypothesized factor structures with 719 high-risk sport participants from the European Alps using Bayesian structural equation modelling (BSEM). The final models were all good fits to the data, had good internal consistency and displayed adequate discriminant validity. All inventories displayed the same factor structure as in the English inventories bar the G?SEAS After inventory in which a three-factor model fitted better than a two-factor model. Possible reasons for this difference include differences in the sample population, translation bias, or cross-cultural differences; however it seems likely that the nuanced approach of BSEM allowed this study to disentangle emotion regulation transfer from agency transfer after participating in high-risk sport where previous attempts using other methods have failed to. This will allow future research in high-risk sport to be conducted beyond English speaking populations and more significantly, facilitate the investigation of differences between the transfer effects of agency and emotion regulation. 相似文献
6.
《Sport Management Review》2017,20(1):43-54
The purpose of this paper is to highlight the value of autoethnography as a qualitative methodology, document the current literature using autoethnographic approaches, and explore the possibilities for future research in the field of sport management. Using a critical lens to counter dominant ideologies that marginalize certain groups of people through the sustainment of existing power structures and inequities, we sought to address the following inquiries: What is autoethnography and how can it be applied to the critical study of sport management? In doing so, we will explore the benefits of the methodology to the field of sport management as well as the challenges and opportunities created in this form of reflexive study. We also offer suggestions for how to apply autoethnography to a variety of research purposes germane to the field of sport management. 相似文献
7.
《Sport Management Review》2015,18(4):529-541
The consequences of subsidising sport facilities have so far not been a focus of sport facilities research. In this article, we propose a conceptual framework for assessing the effects that different public subsidies have on the utilisation of private non-profit sport facilities. Based on theories drawn from the public administration literature three different subsidy schemes are introduced: New Public Management, Governance and Budget. How they will influence the utilisation of a sport facility is assessed using insights from institutional and motivational theory from political science along with the role the voluntary sport organisations play in sport facilities. The resulting conceptual framework consists of twelve different strategies. It is argued that it is likely that a sport facility will choose one or more of these, and which strategies it chooses will impact the level of utilisation. The aim of the article is to show plausible conjectures for future empirical research into how to increase sport facility utilisation via different policies and thus inform future research into the complex interplay between the public sector, sport facilities and voluntary sport organisations. 相似文献
8.
スポ-ツ是目前日本体育的总概念 --兼论怎样把握一个国家体育的总概念 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
本文通过考证日本体育学者的相关研究,认为Sport一词的翻译在日本经过了由意译到音译,而且音译的出现要比意译晚一百多年.与此同时,从政策研究的角度,通过对近年来日本体育政策中使用的体育的总概念的考察,认为スポ-ツ是目前日本体育的总概念. 相似文献
9.
Qualitative biomechanical principles for application in coaching 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Many aspects of human movements in sport can be readily understood by Newtonian rigid-body mechanics. Many of these laws and biomechanical principles, however, are counterintuitive to a lot of people. There are also several problems in the application of biomechanics to sports, so the application of biomechanics in the qualitative analysis of sport skills by many coaches has been limited. Biomechanics scholars have long been interested in developing principles that facilitate the qualitative application of biomechanics to improve movement performance and reduce the risk of injury. This paper summarizes the major North American efforts to establish a set of general biomechanical principles of movement, and illustrates how principles can be used to improve the application of biomechanics in the qualitative analysis of sport technique. A coach helping a player with a tennis serve is presented as an example. The standardization of terminology for biomechanical principles is proposed as an important first step in improving the application ofbiomechanics in sport. There is also a need for international cooperation and research on the effectiveness of applying biomechanical principles in the coaching of sport techniques. 相似文献
10.
The article analyses relations between changing notions of sports and social stratification in sport activities. Current empirical research indicates an increased participation of formerly underrepresented groups, especially women and older people. However, the results of a study show that this is not the case in the traditional contest-orientated model of sports which is still structured by typical differences of age and gender. Furthermore, the traditional notion of sports as a contest is especially pronounced in the less active, lower social strata. A polarity between a rather open “sport for all” and a partly exclusive, traditional, contest-orientated model of sports becomes apparent. As a consequence, research on social stratification in sports should focus on qualitative differences in sports activity. 相似文献
11.
运用文献资料法、专家访谈法以及田野调查法,对国家级非物质文化遗产"人龙舞"的起源、社会文化特征以及传承途径进行了研究,结果表明:"人龙舞"具有鲜明的民俗体育文化特征,同时具有中原文化、海洋文化、民俗文化和武术文化的特征;其传承方式可分为横向和纵向传承,主要包括群体传承、社会传承和学校传承等;新形势下,民俗体育旅游开发为"人龙舞"文化传承提供了新的思路。 相似文献
12.
《Sport Management Review》2019,22(3):295-321
The study of sport event legacies has grown rapidly since 2000 across a number of disciplines related to planning and hosting large-scale sport events. However, to date, there have been limited attempts to systematically review and synthesise extant sport event legacy research, reflect on existing knowledge, and identify key gaps for future research. In this article, the authors reviewed the state of sport event legacy research through a systematic quantitative review of 305 original, peer-reviewed research articles published in English language journals between 2000 and 2016. Results demonstrate that a small group of academics concentrated in particular countries are driving the publication of studies on sport event legacy in predominately specialised sport and event journals. There is a clear research interest in legacy outcomes realised through hosting sport events in areas of public life, politics, and culture, as well as mass participation sport. The authors identify key areas for future research and make recommendations for empirical research designs to progress scholarship and better inform policy and practice pertaining to sport event legacy. 相似文献
13.
《International review of sport and exercise psychology》2013,6(1):71-94
Bibliometric methods were used to examine: (1) research themes in sport and exercise psychology articles published between 2008 and 2011; and (2) the intellectual base of the field of sport and exercise psychology, defined as influential literature being cited in these articles. The dataset consisted of 795 articles from five sport and exercise psychology journals and 345 articles obtained through citation-based extension (n = 1140 articles). A cluster analysis yielded 73 clusters showing themes in sport and exercise psychology research. Principal component analysis was used to identify and analyze relationships between 14 highly cited research areas constituting the intellectual base of sport and exercise psychology. Some main findings were: (1) the identification of many re-emerging themes, (2) research related to motivation seems to be extensive, (3) sport psychology and exercise psychology research share theoretical frameworks to some extent, however (4) differences compared to previous reviews indicate that sport psychology and exercise psychology may be regarded as two distinct research fields, rather than one united field, and (5) isolated research areas were identified indicating potential for research integration. Suggestions for future research are provided. The bibliometric approach presented a broad overview of trends and knowledge base in sport and exercise psychology research. 相似文献
14.
从探讨运动智力的概念、结构、功能入手,理清运动员智力与运动智力的关联与区别,详细梳理现阶段国内外对运动智力的研究进展。探讨当前运动智力研究结果不一致的原因,即概念理解、结构分析和测量方法的不一致。进而提出研究运动智力的5个范式,即心理测量学范式、认知心理学范式、认知神经科学范式、基因遗传学范式和进化心理学范式。最后指出认知结构差异、大脑结构差异与基因遗传结构差异是运动智力在理论与应用方面未来的研究方向。 相似文献
15.
于素梅 《西安体育学院学报》2007,24(5):10-12,38
主要采用问卷调查、数理统计和个案分析等方法,对我国不同性别、年龄、职业、学历、居住地和经济状况群体体育旅游概念、作用和项目的认知情况进行调查。结果显示,人们对体育旅游认知度较低,且不同社会特征群体其认知度又有一定差异。 相似文献
16.
《Sport Management Review》2016,19(3):319-331
Gambling promotions extensively punctuate contemporary televised sport broadcasts and concerns have been raised about their potential impacts on vulnerable groups. Research suggests advertising can shape individuals’ emotions, or affect, towards a product/brand and can subsequently influence purchasing decisions. Consequently, understanding how promotion of gambling influences sport viewers is an important although sparsely addressed area of research. This paper presents exploratory research on affective responses towards gambling promotions displayed during televised sport. Eight online focus groups were conducted with a sample of regular sports viewers in Queensland, Australia. Participants were exposed to a variety of gambling promotions used in National Rugby League match telecasts. Utilising adaptive theory, themes reflecting affective responses to each promotional technique were identified. A range of positive and negative affective responses were identified including arousal, joy, anger and worry. A conceptual model representing emergent affective response categories, message delivery techniques and moderating variables is proposed to inform a broader future research agenda examining how gambling promotions during televised sport influence affective response and concomitant gambling intention. 相似文献
17.
《European Journal of Sport Science》2013,13(10):1395-1403
ABSTRACTGenerational differences in health-related factors will affect forecasts of future disease patterns and health care needs. We studied whether participation in sports activity and being physically active are different between 10-year generations over a part of their life course. We used three different datasets on Dutch adults: a cohort study running for 20 years, the Doetinchem Cohort Study (DCS), multiple yearly databases (2001–2015) from the Netherlands health interview study (HIS), and a retrospective cohort study on life time sports careers, the Sports Participation Monitor (SPM). Based on a different questionnaire in each study, frequencies of weekly sport participation and being physically active according to recommended levels were determined by generation and sex. All data sets showed that self-reported sport participation has been increasing with every 10-year generation already for many decades. Especially for those generations born in the 1930s up to the 1960s, sport participation is higher compared to their predecessors. For instance at age 50, 43% of those born in the 1940s engaged in sports activities compared to 55% of those born in the 1950s (DCS data). Physical activity according to recommended levels showed no systematic differences by generation.In conclusion, favourable generation-specific trends in participation in sports activities are found: recent generations are doing better than the older generations. It is unclear whether this also reflects higher levels of physical activity or lower levels of inactivity. Future research may reveal whether these developments also hold for other countries, and whether these developments continue for the younger generations. 相似文献
19.
体育锻炼中的社会分层:现象、机制与思考 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
从结构的视角出发对体育锻炼中分层现象进行了分析,并利用CHNS2006数据实证了体育锻炼的分层机制。通过分析得出如下结论:1)总体而言,我国居民体育锻炼行为中存在着显著的社会分层现象;2)体育锻炼分层形成既有个体因素的影响也有社会结构因素的影响;3)体育锻炼行为存在着显著的性别差异、城乡差异,在年龄和婚姻状态上也存在差异;4)年龄与体育锻炼之间呈现U型关系,已婚群体的体育锻炼显著地比未婚群体降低,说明了中国中青年的体育锻炼的时间和机会受到了"家庭生活"和"职业生涯"的双重挤压;5)通过对城乡模型的比较,发现农村与城市存在不同的分层机制。并指出农村群众体育的矛盾不仅有体育资源严重短缺,还存在体育资源被少数阶层所垄断以及由此产生的体育锻炼的不公平问题。社会分层将是现在乃至未来认识和分析体育社会不平等结构的重要视角,其中的许多问题值得进一步深入分析和探讨。 相似文献
20.
《Sport Management Review》2017,20(1):114-127
While researchers in related disciplines have embraced and benefited from use of unconventional contemporary qualitative research methods extending beyond interviews and case studies, sport management researchers largely have not thus far. The purpose of this article is to encourage greater use of collaborative self-study (autoethnography and self-ethnography) within sport management research. Based on our experience with a collaborative self-study research project examining the influence of wearable fitness technology on physical activity, we explore key methodological considerations focusing on the ethics of self-study, and the benefits, challenges, and opportunities associated with employing this underutilized qualitative method in sport management research. Collaborative self-study offers the opportunity to address questions and examine sport phenomena from perspectives rarely addressed by traditional approaches. Through reviewing collaborative self-study, we provide guidance for sport management researchers and encourage researchers to consider this method in their future projects. 相似文献