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Geoffrey Phelps 《Educational Assessment, Evaluation and Accountability》2009,21(2):137-154
Debates persist over the knowledge needed to teach elementary reading effectively. In one commonly held view verbal ability
is what matters most and the best approach to improving teacher quality is to recruit teachers who themselves are good readers.
Others argue that teachers need special forms of professional knowledge that differ substantially from common adult reading
and verbal ability. These different assumptions about what teachers need to know are directly relevant to whether teaching
reading demands specialized professional knowledge and they have lead to radically different policy recommendations for both
teacher preparation and induction. This study presents preliminary evidence that elementary reading teachers can hold a special
knowledge of language, text, and reading process that differs substantially from common reading and verbal ability. Implications
for the measurement and study of teacher quality and related implications for teacher evaluation and teacher development are
discussed.
相似文献
| Geoffrey PhelpsEmail: |
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In this article, we concentrate upon the lifeworld resources that comprise the funds of knowledge for children living in a
rural community in the southeastern United States. Through interview conversations with a group of third grade children, we
identified three lifeworld resources—interdependence, garbage dumping, and feral dogs—that rural teachers might draw on to
generate curriculum that is connected to the community in which they teach. Through such connections rural teachers may increase
the likelihood that they will remain teaching in rural schools.
相似文献
| Amy Suzanne JohnsonEmail: |
4.
Shulman (1986, 1987) coined the term pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) to address what at that time had become increasingly evident—that content knowledge itself was not sufficient for teachers
to be successful. Throughout the past two decades, researchers within the field of mathematics teacher education have been
expanding the notion of PCK and developing more fine-grained conceptualizations of this knowledge for teaching mathematics.
One such conceptualization that shows promise is mathematical knowledge for teaching—mathematical knowledge that is specifically useful in teaching mathematics. While mathematical knowledge for teaching has
started to gain attention as an important concept in the mathematics teacher education research community, there is limited
understanding of what it is, how one might recognize it, and how it might develop in the minds of teachers. In this article,
we propose a framework for studying the development of mathematical knowledge for teaching that is grounded in research in
both mathematics education and the learning sciences.
相似文献
| Jason SilvermanEmail: |
5.
Since many teachers and students recognize other kinds of knowledge (faith) based on other ways of knowing, consideration
of these realities is appropriate for the science education community. Understanding the multitude of ways that clergy view
relationships between science and faith (i.e. alternative ways of knowing) would assist in understanding various ways that
people address complex issues arising from ideas about science and faith. We administered a questionnaire composed of multiple-choice
and short answer items to 63 United Methodist ministers. Findings included (1) that formal, organized faith contexts (e.g.
church services) serve as informal science education opportunities, (2) participants demonstrated considerable diversity regarding
the types of relationships developed between science and faith, and (3) participants recognized a need exists for better understandings
of science and its relationship to faith for them, their colleagues, and their congregations.
相似文献
| Daniel L. Dickerson (Corresponding author)Email: |
| Karen R. DawkinsEmail: |
| John E. PenickEmail: |
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Physics teachers’ approaches to teaching physics are generally considered to be linked to their views about physics. In this
qualitative study, the views about physics held by a group of physics teachers whose teaching practice was traditional were
explored and compared with the views held by physics teachers who used conceptual change approaches. A particular focus of
the study was teachers’ views about the role of mathematics in physics. The findings suggest the traditional teachers saw
physics as discovered, close approximations of reality while the conceptual change teachers’ views about physics ranged from
a social constructivist perspective to more realist views. However, most teachers did not appear to have given much thought
to the nature of physics or physics knowledge, nor to the role of mathematics in physics.
相似文献
| Pamela MulhallEmail: |
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Stephen M. Ritchie Gillian Kidman Tanya Vaughan 《Cultural Studies of Science Education》2007,2(1):225-242
Members of particular communities produce and reproduce cultural practices. This is an important consideration for those teacher
educators who need to prepare appropriate learning experiences and programs for scientists, as they attempt to change careers
to science teaching. We know little about the transition of career-changing scientists as they encounter different contexts
and professional cultures, and how their changing identities might impact on their teaching practices. In this narrative inquiry
of the stories told by and shared between career-changing scientists in a teacher-preparation program, we identify cover stories
of science and teaching. More importantly, we show how uncovering these stories became opportunities for one of these scientists
to learn about what sorts of stories of science she tells or should tell in science classrooms and how these stories might
impact on her identities as a scientist–teacher in transition. We highlight self-identified contradictions and treat these
as resources for further professional learning. Suggestions for improving the teacher-education experiences of scientist–teachers
are made. In particular, teacher educators might consider the merits of creating opportunities for career-changing scientists
to share their stories and for these stories to be retold for different audiences.
相似文献
| Tanya VaughanEmail: |
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Tamara Holmlund Nelson 《Journal of Science Teacher Education》2008,19(3):235-254
Preservice teachers in a K–8 science methods course used guided video reflection to examine their interactions with children
during science teaching. This inquiry approach helped preservice teachers identify and respond to gaps between their beliefs
and intentions about teaching all children and their enactment of those beliefs. The experience of teaching a science lesson
and then viewing it multiple times through a critical framework provided an opportunity for preservice teachers to recognize
hidden assumptions, unexamined behaviors, and the unintentional meanings they may have conveyed to children. This encouraged
them to think more critically about their roles as teachers in creating spaces where all children have access to quality science
learning experiences.
相似文献
| Tamara Holmlund NelsonEmail: |
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Ji Shen Patrick C. Gibbons John F. Wiegers Ann P. McMahon 《Journal of Science Teacher Education》2007,18(3):431-459
We present a practical way of adapting and using four research-based assessments for different purposes in an electricity
and magnetism course for K-8 science teachers. The course is designed to accomplish conceptual change toward accepted scientific
conceptions as well as introducing teachers to materials and activities appropriate for their classrooms. Our data support
that using the research-based tests to identify alternative conceptions and discuss test results with teachers is a promising
way to use the knowledge of alternative conceptions in professional development. We also identify some mismatches between
the research of conceptual change and its use in programs of professional development.
相似文献
| Ji ShenEmail: |
10.
Developing Science Pedagogical Content Knowledge Through Mentoring Elementary Teachers 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Ken Appleton 《Journal of Science Teacher Education》2008,19(6):523-545
Elementary teachers are typically hesitant to teach science. While a limited knowledge of science content is a reason for
this, limited science pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) has emerged as another reason in recent research. This study constitutes
two case studies of a professional development program for elementary teachers involving mentoring by a university professor.
The mentor took the role of a critical friend in joint planning and teaching of science. The study examines the nature of
the mentoring relationship and reports the type of teacher learning that occurred, with a particular focus on the teachers’
development of science PCK.
相似文献
| Ken AppletonEmail: |
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Developing a communal identity as beginning teachers of mathematics: Emergence of an online community of practice 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The aim of this study is to investigate how a community of practice focused on becoming a teacher of secondary school mathematics
emerged during a pre-service teacher education programme and was sustained after students graduated and began their first
year of full-time teaching in schools. Bulletin board discussions of one pre-service cohort are analysed in terms of Wenger’s
(1998) three defining features of a community of practice: mutual engagement of participants, negotiation of a joint enterprise,
and development of a shared repertoire for creating meaning. Emergence of the online community was associated with our own
role in facilitating professional dialogue, the voluntary and unstructured nature of participation, initial face-to-face interaction
that created familiarity and trust, and the convenience of using email rather than logging on to a website. The study shows
that the emergent design of the community contributed to its sustainability in allowing the pre-service and beginning teachers
to define their own professional goals and values.
相似文献
| Merrilyn E. GoosEmail: |
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Felicia M. Moore 《Journal of Science Teacher Education》2008,19(1):85-109
This study reports the learning of elementary preservice teachers regarding diversity and teaching science in diverse urban
elementary classrooms. From participating in a semester-long book club, the preservice teachers reveal their cultural biases,
connect and apply their knowledge of diversity, and understand that getting to know their students are important elements
for teaching science in diverse classrooms. These 3 things connect in ways that allow the preservice teachers to understand
how their cultural biases impede student learning and gain new knowledge of diversity as they change their cultural biases.
Implications of this study reveal that preservice teachers need opportunities to reveal, confront, challenge, and change their
cultural models and to develop new models for teaching science in urban elementary classrooms.
相似文献
| Felicia M. MooreEmail: |
14.
Some educators experience difficulty documenting young children’s work in early childhood settings because of a limited understanding of the importance of documentation, what or how to document, and the effective use of documentation; limited resources (time, tools, and assistance); or predetermined curricular guidelines. Some teachers, especially inexperienced early years teachers, have trouble engaging with children and documenting simultaneously, revealing a crucial misunderstanding about the purpose of documenting. Teachers at Reggio Emilia-inspired schools throughout the United States use many forms of documentation to enhance the qualities of children’s experiences in preschool classrooms. This article addresses the dilemmas teachers face in implementing documentation in order to assist them as they move from standards-based teaching and teacher-determined content to a more constructivist approach to teaching. Ideas for using documentation shared by the authors will allow young children to construct their own knowledge and curiosity, making learning more meaningful to them and more visible to others.
相似文献
| Janice KroegerEmail: |
15.
Middle grades science teachers need professional support in practice as they implement new inquiry-based science. Professional
development schools can provide this bottom-up support through connecting preservice and inservice teacher education programs
in classroom practice. In this study, coteaching arrangements with secondary science education majors provided additional
teachers in the classroom to support a materials-rich curriculum and the needed associated pedagogies. Science education majors
provided needed assistance in troubleshooting difficulties with the new curriculum. They also provided needed content knowledge
to support inquiry, along with creating moments and space for teachers to reflect on inquiry practice. Ongoing assistance
by preservice teachers allowed inservice teachers to progress from logistical concerns in implementing kit curriculum to concerns
regarding student learning and the supporting professional development.
相似文献
| Charles J. EickEmail: |
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In response to the critical shortage of qualified mathematics teachers in the U.S., the TIME 2000 Program was created with
funds from the National Science Foundation, at Queens College of the City University of New York. Now institutionalized, the
program is designed to support the recruitment, preparation, and retention of prospective teachers through a close-knit learning
community in which participants experience an innovative and multifaceted program for their four years of undergraduate study.
This article describes the innovative aspects of the program that show promise of preparing highly competent teachers whose
careers span a lifetime. Short- and long-term strategies for recruiting students from high school are described as well as
the program components that are designed to increase retention of candidates in the program and in teaching.
相似文献
| Alice F. ArtztEmail: |
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Jianwei Zhang Marlene Scardamalia Mary Lamon Richard Messina Richard Reeve 《Educational technology research and development : ETR & D》2007,55(2):117-145
This study examines four months of online discourse of 22 Grade 4 students engaged in efforts to advance their understanding
of optics. Their work is part of a school-wide knowledge building initiative, the essence of which is giving students collective
responsibility for idea improvement. This goal is supported by software—Knowledge Forum—designed to provide a public and collaborative
space for continual improvement of ideas. A new analytic tool—inquiry threads—was developed to analyze the discourse used
by these students as they worked in this environment. Data analyses focus on four knowledge building principles: idea improvement; real ideas, authentic problems (involving concrete/empirical and abstract/conceptual artifacts); community knowledge (knowledge constructed for the benefit of the community as a whole); and constructive use of authoritative sources. Results indicate that these young students generated theories and explanation-seeking questions, designed experiments to
produce real-world empirical data to support their theories, located and introduced expert resources, revised ideas, and responded
to problems and ideas that emerged as community knowledge evolved. Advances were reflected in progress in refining ideas and
evidence of growth of knowledge for the community as a whole. Design strategies and challenges for collective idea improvement
are discussed.
相似文献
| Jianwei ZhangEmail: |
19.
Academic mathematics and mathematical knowledge needed in school teaching practice: some conflicting elements 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
In this article we analyze the relations between academic mathematical knowledge and the mathematical knowledge associated
with issues mathematics school teachers face in practice, according to the specialized literature, and restricted to the theme
“number systems”. We present examples that illustrate some areas of conflict between those forms of knowledge. We point out
some implications of our study for teacher education, such as: 1) the importance of making conflicts explicit and of discussing
them with prospective teachers in order to develop a professionally relevant perception of academic mathematics; 2) the relevance
of further research in order to better understand the extent of those conflicts and their effects on the process of integrating,
in a body of professional knowledge, the different kinds of mathematical knowledge presented to prospective teachers.
相似文献
| Plinio C. MoreiraEmail: Email: |
20.
The purpose of the study was to investigate the reliability and validity of a Turkish adaptation of an existing instrument
for measuring teacher interpersonal behaviour. The Questionnaire on Teacher Interaction (QTI) maps teacher behaviour in terms
of two dimensions: Influence (Dominance–Submission) and Proximity (Cooperation–Opposition). A sample of 674 students from
24 classes (Grades 9–11) of experienced teachers in two Turkish secondary schools participated in the study. Development of
the instrument involved several steps: translation and back translation by teacher educators; piloting of different versions
while refining the items; interviews with students and teachers to establish the importance of teacher interpersonal behaviour
in the Turkish context; and a final administration of the questionnaire to the sample described. Interview data and statistical
analyses supported the reliability and validity of the instrument. Turkish teachers were perceived by their students as very
cooperative and moderately dominant.
相似文献
| Jale CakirogluEmail: |