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1.
Paul Sharp 《牛津教育评论》2013,39(2-3):197-215
Local Education Authorities (LEAs) have been features of the administrative landscape of England and Wales for a century. For most of this period, their role, as central government's key partners in the operation of the national education system, expanded. However, intense criticisms of educational organisation and standards, during the 1970s, led to re-assessment of, and ultimately to major reductions in, their responsibilities, during the 1980s and 1990s. This article surveys the changed and changing role of LEAs, and the debate that has surrounded it, during their hundred years of existence, with particular reference to the period since the 1988 Education Reform Act. The concluding part of the article focuses on current developments under the New Labour government, which has assigned a definite but limited range of functions to LEAs. It is argued in this article that, as the 'intermediate level' of LEA administration has been relegated to a marginal role, little purpose would be served by implementing recent proposals for a radical restructuring of the local educational administration. 相似文献
2.
Gareth Elwyn Jones 《牛津教育评论》2013,39(2-3):343-358
The theme of this article is that, individually and collectively, the local education authorities in Wales have a distinctive history in the 20th century. The thesis is explored mainly by means of three case studies: the reaction of the local authorities to the Education Act of 1902, which eventually escalated into a national movement dubbed 'the Welsh revolt'; the response of some local authorities, particularly in industrial Wales, to the 1932 legislation which required them to replace their free secondary school places with special places; and the attempts of some councils to resist the largely clandestine attempts of the Ministry of Education and its Welsh Department to impose a tripartite system of secondary education against their wishes after 1944. This tradition of independent action in Wales bears on contemporary patterns of power and policy. The article concludes by suggesting that, in an education power structure now radically altered by the creation of the National Assembly for Wales in 1999, the local authorities are regarded more favourably than is the case in England and vested with significantly more responsibility, so making it likely that their future course will diverge increasingly from that of their English counterparts. 相似文献
3.
A Comparison between Inspection Reports on the Management of School Attendance Throughout the Education Service 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Ken Reid 《Pastoral Care in Education》2005,23(4):31-41
This is the first article to compare and contrast the outcomes of Office for Standards in Education (Ofsted) reports on the management of school attendance issues in primary and secondary schools, out-of-school and local education authorities (LEA) provision. The findings indicate that schools and LEAs are judged using very strict criteria based on a school's or LEA's authorized or unauthorized rates of attendance, which are then compared with national norms, targets and Ofsted criteria. By contrast, out-of-school providers, often pupil referral units (PRUs), are given much more latitude despite their more obvious and serious attendance difficulties. This paper presents an insight into the reasons given by Ofsted inspectors for making either their positive or negative judgements on schools', PRUs' or LEAs' performances on the management of their attendance agenda. The implications of these findings are considered and conclusions drawn based on the evidence. Further research will be necessary to compare the findings in this paper with subsequent outcomes given the proposed changes with Ofsted's methodology and criteria for conducting its future inspections. 相似文献
4.
影响欠发达地区中等职业教育发展的文化分析 总被引：17，自引：2，他引：17
人的素质低下和基本能力缺乏，是制约欠发达地区经济社会发展的主要原因，而教育与文化浸润是提升人的素质与基本能力的重要手段。本文在分析欠发达地区发展中等职业教育的必要性和现状的基础上，指出文化是影响欠发达地区中等职业教育发展的重要因素，并从“教育偏好”和“教育选择空间”的角度加以说明。 相似文献
5.
针对部分农村地区中等职业教育遇到的问题,文章对促进农村中职教育发展的策略进行研究。教育主管部门要重视农村职业教育在农村经济发展中的重要作用;学校要明确职业技术教育的任务;要从当地实际情况出发,设置职业技术教育专业课程;重视师资队伍建设;加强校企合作,解决学校发展和农村经济发展中的难题。 相似文献
6.
Robin Simmons 《Journal of educational administration and history》2014,46(1):57-73
This article revisits the three decades following the end of World War Two – a time when, following the 1944 Education Act, local education authorities (LEAs) were the key agencies responsible for running the education system across England. For the first time, there was a statutory requirement for LEAs to secure adequate facilities for further education (FE), and the post-war era is generally remembered as a period when they dominated FE. Yet this is not the full story of FE in post-war England: it is often forgotten that a significant amount of FE existed outside the municipal framework. This article returns to the post-war decades and begins to uncover the largely forgotten history of FE outside local authority control at that time. It highlights how voluntary and private organisations offered various forms of post-compulsory education outside the municipal framework, and how they contributed to the eclectic and diverse nature of FE across England. This, I argue, not only reflected the expedience, compromise and inertia that characterised FE in post-war England but was rooted in a capture of educational policy more generally by a privileged elite intent on maintaining a social order characterised by social, economic and cultural divisions. 相似文献
7.
王琼 《湖州职业技术学院学报》2012,10(3):44-47
教育部出台的《教育部关于推进中等和高等职业教育协调发展的指导意见》（教职成[2011]9号）,明确了中等和高等职、Ik衔接发展,为中高职自考衔接指明了方向。对中职学校而言,中高职自考课程体系应体现学生的主体性地位,要符合学生的身心发展规律,并在学习中使其心灵与情感得到升华。中高职自考衔接教育的真正目的应是培养学生养成良好的学习习惯,掌握一定的学习技巧和自学方法,为学生终身学习打下良好的基础。 相似文献
8.
David Crook 《牛津教育评论》2013,39(2-3):247-260
Drawing extensively upon local authority records and private papers, this article argues that the post-Second World War drive for comprehensive education was a grass roots initiative. A diverse group of English and Welsh local education authorities (LEAs) challenged the orthodoxies of tripartism or bipartism in the late 1940s, paving the way for officially sanctioned non-selective experiments during the following decade and the 1960s 'breakout' (after Simon, 1991) of comprehensive-minded LEAs. The article focuses upon the experience of going comprehensive at the local level and discusses some of the variables that influenced the type and timing of secondary reorganisation. It demonstrates that political and personnel factors were crucial to the success or failure of a particular scheme. Some LEAs became embroiled in bitter controversies relating to their proposed reorganisation scheme, but it is argued that this was the exception, rather than the rule. The vigorous debates of this period gave comprehensive reorganisation a democratic flavour, but they also regularly brought local government into conflict with the centre. By 1974, it is contended, the post-War 'partnership' was all but dead. 相似文献
9.
R.F. Dearden 《牛津教育评论》2013,39(3):279-288
Abstract The management by local education authorities (LEAs) of provision for special educational needs has long proved problematical, especially in mainstream schools. In the period following the 1981 Education Act, many LEAs sought to develop a ‘continuum of provision’ by the central direction of resources into the mainstream, but with limited success. In the wake of the 1988 Education Act, LEAs will need to pursue a more collaborative approach to the development of special needs policy. Examples of such approaches are studied and a model of an interactive relationship between schools and LEAs is proposed. Finally, the implications for LEA support services are discussed together with suggestions of a distinctive role for institutions of higher education. 相似文献
10.
School Admissions after the School Standards and Framework Act: Bringing the LEAs back in? 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Historically, LEAs were responsible for the local planning and provision of schools. They 'mattered' because their organisational strategies and admissions policies contributed to the structure and equality of opportunities for families and children in their administrative areas. Some moved ahead with comprehensive schools earlier and faster than others, and some retained selection. Alongside admissions policies, these activites in turn shaped and reproduced the extent to which local schools were socially segregated. LEA capacity to shape the local school system was always constrained by the existence of the faith-based 'voluntary' schools sector and was further diminished, post-1988, by self-governing grant-maintained (GM) schools. The 1998 Schools Standards and Framework Act brought LEAs back into the admissions arena. In this paper we examine LEAs' admissions policies and the extent to which these regulate local patterns of socio-economic segregation between schools. In this study we draw on a sample of 74 LEAs to explore these issues. Our findings point to some interesting paradoxes, most notably the fact that the most commonly used criterion in the allocation of students to places, catchment areas, is likely to create and sustain socio-economically segregated patterns of secondary schooling because these are linked in complex ways to residential segregation. We also show that selective education is strongly associated with high levels of stratified schooling and that voluntary and specialist schools also contribute to local patterns of school segregation. 相似文献
11.
This paper explores the current state of counselling as provided by local education authorities (LEAs) to secondary schools in England and Wales. A questionnaire was sent to all 172 LEAs in England and Wales. The data suggest that the counselling provision is highly variable and somewhat fragmented in scope. The data also indicate that the perception of the role of school counselling services by educational professionals varies considerably, and that there were a number of issues concerning integrated versus decentralized forms of provision. The study has a number of implications for the main stakeholders, including schools, LEAs, pupils and parents, concerning future developments in this increasingly important policy area. These relate to minimum qualifications for counsellors, confidentiality, accessibility to pupils and funding. 相似文献
12.
There are still 10 English local educational authorities (LEAs) that are wholly selective and a further 10 with some grammar and secondary modern schools. This article examines the academic performance of pupils in secondary modern schools and the funding of these schools using national data sets matching pupils' performance at Key Stage 2 and General Certificate of Education (GCSE) as well as data on funding from Section 52 statements. Students in secondary modern schools gained one less grade on average than equivalent students in comprehensive schools while grammar school pupils obtained five grades more. After taking account of the cost factors and grant entitlements that influence funding per pupil, secondary modern schools in the years 2000/01–2002/03 were funded around £80 less per pupil while grammar school pupils received over £100 more per pupil compared to comprehensive schools. Secondary modern schools were more likely to be in financial deficit than comprehensive and particularly grammar schools. Thus, students are academically disadvantaged by attending secondary modern schools, which in most selective LEAs do not receive sufficient additional funding to offset the depressing effects on attainment of the increased social segregation arising from a selective system. 相似文献
13.
通过对新加坡发布的《理工学院及工艺教育学院应用学习教育检讨报告书(ASPIRE)》和《新加坡持续教育与培训2020总蓝图》进行阐述,分析新加坡ASPIRE委员会的组成、主要任务、目标以及对新加坡持续教育与培训的意见和建议,分析《新加坡持续教育与培训2020总蓝图》的主要内容及策略方向;分析新加坡技能创前程计划的主要内容、四个重点推动力、四大核心任务以及终身学习对新加坡高等教育注入流动性的影响。最后提出新加坡持续教育与培训体系对我国继续教育从国家层面和社会发展、以职业应用教育为特色的模块化培训以及继续教育与培训三方合作的培养机制等三点启示。 相似文献
14.
15.
双语教育是我国少数民族教育的重要内容,也是培养少数民族双语人才的途径之一。双语教育的理论基础是确定双语教育模式的理论依据。从民族语言学、语言心理学、文化人类学、教育学等四大领域阐述少数民族双语教育的理论基础,从而为双语教育的实践运作和理论体系的建构提供依据。 相似文献
16.
17.
The intention of this article is to present the way in which a proposal was put forward for a national basic curriculum for
the lower level of secondary education in Guatemala, within a general curricular reform of the education system. In this process,
the International Bureau of Education and UNESCO’s national office in the country provided technical advice. The article examines
the socio-cultural and educational context, some conceptual foundations for the curricular reform, the construction of the
curriculum for lower secondary education, some features of the proposed curriculum and the outlook for the future. The process
of curriculum construction included a diagnosis, drawing up a strategy for reforming the first cycle of secondary education
and preparation of the proposed curriculum. Likewise, the authors present the steps that must be taken in order for the national
basic curriculum to be adopted, subject, amongst other factors, to the availability of funding.
Original language: Spanish
Linda Asturias de Barrios (Guatemala)
Doctorate in Anthropology from the University at Albany, State University of New York. Postgraduate studies in Public Policies
and Intercultural Affairs at the Universidad del Valle, Guatemala. She has taught at secondary school and university level.
As a researcher, she has published books and articles on ethnology, development and education in Guatemala and Central America.
At the Ministry of Education she has worked as Co-ordinator of the National and International Co-operation Unit (1997–1999),
Co-ordinator of the Reform of Secondary Education (2004–2006) and Co-ordinator of the Reform of Lower Secondary Education
(2007). E-mail: lindaasturias@yahoo.com
Verónica Mérida Arellano (Guatemala)
Teacher of secondary school language and literature and graduate in Literature and Philosophy at Rafael Landívar University.
She completed a master’s degree in education and curriculum at the University del Valle, Guatemala. She has been a university
lecturer. She has published books and articles on the teaching of Maya as a mother tongue and Spanish as a second language.
She has worked as curriculum specialist at the Ministry of Education (1985–1991) and as Co-ordinator of Teacher-Training Programmes
at Rafael Landívar University. From 2005 to 2007 she acted as Curriculum Consultant for Lower Secondary Education at the Ministry
of Education. E-mail: vmeridaguate@yahoo.com.mx 相似文献
18.
中等职业教育与普通高中教育非货币收益对比分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
教育不仅有货币收益,而且有巨大的非货币收益.我国学者对中等职业教育货币收益研究的相对较多,基本上没有非货币收益方面的研究,这样必然造成对中等职业教育收益估算的偏差.本文对湖南省6所中等职业学校和6所普通高中1993届毕业生追踪样本进行了分析,发现中等职业教育就业者的非货币收益高于高中就业者. 相似文献
19.
Editorial comment and summaries English Drs Kjöllerström and Lybeck present here a brief report of their European survey of master's and doctoral dissertations in science education, undertaken subsequently to a workshop on Research in Science Education in Europe held at Malente, FR Germany in 1976. The full report of their survey has recently been published by the Institute for Science Education (IPN), Kiel, FR Germany. The article published here reports on the distribution, size and organization of science education research groups, their areas of research interest and higher degree programmes. It also surveys the main areas of science education research at master's and doctoral level undertaken during the period 1971‐1976, and the employment taken up by master's and doctoral students upon completion of their studies. 相似文献
20.
Carl Parsons Ray Godfrey Keith Howlett Carol Hayden & Tim Martin 《Pastoral Care in Education》2001,19(4):4-15
This article reports and discusses a study which followed up, through case records, 726 children excluded permanently, indefinitely or for fixed–term periods in 1993/4 in 10 LEAs. The outcomes at secondary level in 1998/9 were found to be moderately poor with the problems intensifying for half the sample. Forty six per cent had further primary school exclusions and 36 per cent received exclusions in their secondary education. Looked–after children and those with special educational needs fared worse and achieved less. Case studies showed the kinds of commitment and support that can work even with very difficult cases. 相似文献