共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
We present software that generates phrase-based concordances in real-time based on Internet searching. When a user enters
a string of words for which he wants to find concordances, the system sends this string as a query to a search engine and
obtains search results for the string. The concordances are extracted by performing statistical analysis on search results
and then fed back to the user. Unlike existing tools, this concordance consultation tool is language-independent, so concordances
can be obtained even in a language for which there are no well-established analytical methods. Our evaluation has revealed
that concordances can be obtained more effectively than by only using a search engine directly.
相似文献
| Yuichiro IshiiEmail: |
2.
There is a wide set of evaluation metrics available to compare the quality of text clustering algorithms. In this article,
we define a few intuitive formal constraints on such metrics which shed light on which aspects of the quality of a clustering
are captured by different metric families. These formal constraints are validated in an experiment involving human assessments,
and compared with other constraints proposed in the literature. Our analysis of a wide range of metrics shows that only BCubed satisfies all formal constraints. We also extend the analysis to the problem of overlapping clustering, where items can simultaneously
belong to more than one cluster. As Bcubed cannot be directly applied to this task, we propose a modified version of Bcubed
that avoids the problems found with other metrics.
相似文献
| Felisa VerdejoEmail: |
3.
Due to the heavy use of gene synonyms in biomedical text, people have tried many query expansion techniques using synonyms
in order to improve performance in biomedical information retrieval. However, mixed results have been reported. The main challenge
is that it is not trivial to assign appropriate weights to the added gene synonyms in the expanded query; under-weighting
of synonyms would not bring much benefit, while overweighting some unreliable synonyms can hurt performance significantly.
So far, there has been no systematic evaluation of various synonym query expansion strategies for biomedical text. In this
work, we propose two different strategies to extend a standard language modeling approach for gene synonym query expansion
and conduct a systematic evaluation of these methods on all the available TREC biomedical text collections for ad hoc document
retrieval. Our experiment results show that synonym expansion can significantly improve the retrieval accuracy. However, different
query types require different synonym expansion methods, and appropriate weighting of gene names and synonym terms is critical
for improving performance.
相似文献
| Chengxiang ZhaiEmail: |
4.
Evaluation is a major driving force in advancing the state of the art in language technologies. In particular, methods for automatically assessing the quality of machine output is the preferred method for measuring progress, provided that these metrics have been validated against human judgments. Following recent developments in the automatic evaluation of machine translation and document summarization, we present a similar approach, implemented in a measure called POURPRE, an automatic technique for evaluating answers to complex questions based on n-gram co-occurrences between machine output and a human-generated answer key. Until now, the only way to assess the correctness of answers to such questions involves manual determination of whether an information “nugget” appears in a system's response. The lack of automatic methods for scoring system output is an impediment to progress in the field, which we address with this work. Experiments with the TREC 2003, TREC 2004, and TREC 2005 QA tracks indicate that rankings produced by our metric correlate highly with official rankings, and that POURPRE outperforms direct application of existing metrics.
相似文献
| Dina Demner-FushmanEmail: |
5.
To put an end to the large copyright trade deficit, both Chinese government agencies and publishing houses have been striving
for entering the international publication market. The article analyzes the background of the going-global strategy, and sums
up the performance of both Chinese administrations and publishers.
相似文献
| Qing Fang (Corresponding author)Email: |
6.
7.
Jacob Soll 《Archival Science》2007,7(4):331-342
This article examines the archival methods developed by Colbert to train his son in state administration. Based on Colbert’s
correspondence with his son, it reveals the practices Colbert thought necessary to collect and manage information in his state
encyclopedic archive during the last half of the 17th century.
相似文献
| Jacob SollEmail: |
8.
On rank-based effectiveness measures and optimization 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Many current retrieval models and scoring functions contain free parameters which need to be set—ideally, optimized. The process
of optimization normally involves some training corpus of the usual document-query-relevance judgement type, and some choice
of measure that is to be optimized. The paper proposes a way to think about the process of exploring the space of parameter
values, and how moving around in this space might be expected to affect different measures. One result, concerning local optima,
is demonstrated for a range of rank-based evaluation measures.
相似文献
| Hugo ZaragozaEmail: |
9.
Andy Weissberg 《Publishing Research Quarterly》2008,24(4):255-260
This article analyzes current industry practices toward the identification of digital book content. It highlights key technology
trends, workflow considerations and supply chain behaviors, and examines the implications of these trends and behaviors on
the production, discoverability, purchasing and consumption of digital book products.
相似文献
| Andy WeissbergEmail: |
10.
Sandeep Chaufla 《Publishing Research Quarterly》2008,24(3):187-201
A review and analysis of the rules and regulations including the tax aspects of making an investment in India is presented.
The full range from Foreign Direct Investment to different forms of doing business with specific examples from the publishing
industry is explored to help understand current policies and regulations.
相似文献
| Sandeep ChauflaEmail: Email: |
11.
Andrew MacFarlane 《Information Retrieval》2009,12(2):162-178
Understanding of mathematics is needed to underpin the process of search, either explicitly with Exact Match (Boolean logic,
adjacency) or implicitly with Best match natural language search. In this paper we outline some pedagogical challenges in
teaching mathematics for information retrieval (IR) to postgraduate information science students. The aim is to take these
challenges either found by experience or in the literature, to identify both theoretical and practical ideas in order to improve
the delivery of the material and positively affect the learning of the target audience by using a tutorial style of teaching.
Results show that there is evidence to support the notion that a more pro-active style of teaching using tutorials yield benefits
both in terms of assessment results and student satisfaction.
相似文献
| Andrew MacFarlaneEmail: |
12.
A summary overview of the children’s and young adult publishing industry in China with a focus on the size of the market,
ten major publishing houses, copyright and trends. Special emphasis has been placed on specific transaction for the sale of
translation rights from German language publishers to China and minimal activities of German rights sold to Chinese publishers.
相似文献
| Jing BartzEmail: |
13.
On information retrieval metrics designed for evaluation with incomplete relevance assessments 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Modern information retrieval (IR) test collections have grown in size, but the available manpower for relevance assessments
has more or less remained constant. Hence, how to reliably evaluate and compare IR systems using incomplete relevance data, where many documents exist that were never examined by the relevance assessors, is receiving a lot of attention.
This article compares the robustness of IR metrics to incomplete relevance assessments, using four different sets of graded-relevance
test collections with submitted runs—the TREC 2003 and 2004 robust track data and the NTCIR-6 Japanese and Chinese IR data
from the crosslingual task. Following previous work, we artificially reduce the original relevance data to simulate IR evaluation
environments with extremely incomplete relevance data. We then investigate the effect of this reduction on discriminative power, which we define as the proportion of system pairs with a statistically significant difference for a given probability of
Type I Error, and on Kendall’s rank correlation, which reflects the overall resemblance of two system rankings according to two different metrics or two different relevance
data sets. According to these experiments, Q′, nDCG′ and AP′ proposed by Sakai are superior to bpref proposed by Buckley and
Voorhees and to Rank-Biased Precision proposed by Moffat and Zobel. We also point out some weaknesses of bpref and Rank-Biased
Precision by examining their formal definitions.
相似文献
| Noriko KandoEmail: |
14.
Bestsellers are an important commercial and social phenomenon. The paper defines and analyses bestsellers in the UK between
1998 and 2005, following on earlier work by one of the authors. It is concluded that there is a core groups of genres and
authors dominating the bestseller lists, although there are also unexpected successes, especially at Christmas time. There
is some evidence of long-term changes in taste, including the apparent decline in the popularity of romantic fiction and the
growth of fantasy literature. It is also shown that media and movie adaptations and spin-offs are now an integral part of
this dimension of the book industry.
相似文献
| John FeatherEmail: |
15.
16.
This paper, based on PhD research, reflects upon the market for electronic books in the general trade sectors of UK and US
publishers during the early years of the 21st century. The paper reports on interviews carried out with publishers between
2003 and 2005, and reflects upon four areas which presented and still present challenges to the uptake of e-books—negative
perceptions from consumers; formats; pricing and issues regarding digital rights. The paper concludes that the development
and uptake of electronic books has some way to go in the general trade/mass-market sectors.
相似文献
| Cliff McKnightEmail: |
17.
A comparison of analyses of the Scottish publishing industry carried out in 1992, 2002 and 2007 underscores the fragility
of the sector within a small country within the English-language community. A number of indices reveal either stability or
stagnation and the picture emerges of the remarkable tenacity of publishing in Scotland. Although there is already a significant
and vital element of state support for publishing in Scotland, further intervention will be necessary to ensure fulfilment
of its potential.
相似文献
| Alistair McCleeryEmail: |
18.
Classifying Amharic webnews 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
Lars Asker Atelach Alemu Argaw Björn Gambäck Samuel Eyassu Asfeha Lemma Nigussie Habte 《Information Retrieval》2009,12(3):416-435
We present work aimed at compiling an Amharic corpus from the Web and automatically categorizing the texts. Amharic is the
second most spoken Semitic language in the World (after Arabic) and used for countrywide communication in Ethiopia. It is
highly inflectional and quite dialectally diversified. We discuss the issues of compiling and annotating a corpus of Amharic
news articles from the Web. This corpus was then used in three sets of text classification experiments. Working with a less-researched
language highlights a number of practical issues that might otherwise receive less attention or go unnoticed. The purpose
of the experiments has not primarily been to develop a cutting-edge text classification system for Amharic, but rather to
put the spotlight on some of these issues. The first two sets of experiments investigated the use of Self-Organizing Maps
(SOMs) for document classification. Testing on small datasets, we first looked at classifying unseen data into 10 predefined
categories of news items, and then at clustering it around query content, when taking 16 queries as class labels. The second
set of experiments investigated the effect of operations such as stemming and part-of-speech tagging on text classification
performance. We compared three representations while constructing classification models based on bagging of decision trees
for the 10 predefined news categories. The best accuracy was achieved using the full text as representation. A representation
using only the nouns performed almost equally well, confirming the assumption that most of the information required for distinguishing
between various categories actually is contained in the nouns, while stemming did not have much effect on the performance
of the classifier.
相似文献
| Lemma Nigussie HabteEmail: |
19.
Compound noun segmentation is a key first step in language processing for Korean. Thus far, most approaches require some form of human supervision, such as pre-existing dictionaries, segmented compound nouns, or heuristic rules. As a result, they suffer from the unknown word problem, which can be overcome by unsupervised approaches. However, previous unsupervised methods normally do not consider all possible segmentation candidates, and/or rely on character-based segmentation clues such as bi-grams or all-length n-grams. So, they are prone to falling into a local solution. To overcome the problem, this paper proposes an unsupervised segmentation algorithm that searches the most likely segmentation result from all possible segmentation candidates using a word-based segmentation context. As word-based segmentation clues, a dictionary is automatically generated from a corpus. Experiments using three test collections show that our segmentation algorithm is successfully applied to Korean information retrieval, improving a dictionary-based longest-matching algorithm.
相似文献
| Jong-Hyeok LeeEmail: |
20.
Fotis Lazarinis Jesús Vilares John Tait Efthimis N. Efthimiadis 《Information Retrieval》2009,12(3):230-250
With increasingly higher numbers of non-English language web searchers the problems of efficient handling of non-English Web
documents and user queries are becoming major issues for search engines. The main aim of this review paper is to make researchers
aware of the existing problems in monolingual non-English Web retrieval by providing an overview of open issues. A significant
number of papers are reviewed and the research issues investigated in these studies are categorized in order to identify the
research questions and solutions proposed in these papers. Further research is proposed at the end of each section.
相似文献
| Efthimis N. EfthimiadisEmail: |