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1.
本文采用水热合成法制备MnO2电极材料,以从旧电池里回收的MnSO4为锰源,以过硫酸铵为氧化剂,在不同反应时间下合成MnO2制备成电极,并组装成对称型超级电容器。采用三电极测其循环伏安、交流阻抗,用对称电容器测其恒流充放电时间对电化学性能进行测试,分别研究同一还原系列的样品在充放电过程中的电化学性能。结果表明,水热反应时间对MnO2电极材料的电化学性能有一定的影响,实验分析得出:在以过硫酸铵为还原剂的情况下,48h合成的MnO2更适合做超级电容器的合成材料。  相似文献   

2.
采用共沉淀制备前驱体,微波高温固相烧结制备富锂正极材料0.5Li2Mn O3·0.5Li Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2.通过X射线衍射(XRD)、电镜扫描SEM、循环伏安(CV)、充放电性能等材料结构的表征和电化学性能测试,研究了不同烧结时间(微波3 min、5 min、7 min、15 min)对材料结构电化学性能的影响.发现较佳的合成条件所合成的富锂正极材料0.5Li2Mn O3·0.5 Li Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2结构是α-Na Fe O2型,为二维层状结构.在2.0~4.8 V的截止电压范围、17 m Ah·g-1的电流密度,首次放电容量为284.6 m Ah·g-1,20个循环容量的保有率为75.6%.通过微波高温烧结合成正极材料,研究了制备工艺对材料结构和电化学性能的影响,并探讨了该体系的应用前景.  相似文献   

3.
以KMnO4与MnSO4为原料,采用水热法制备了α-MnO2纳米线;采用XRD、IR、SEM、EDS、DTA-TG等对样品的物相、结构、形貌、成分及热稳定性进行了表征;初步研究了反应温度、水热时间及溶剂种类对纳米结构MnO2合成的影响,并探讨了MnO2的晶型转变和-αMnO2纳米线的生长过程。结果表明:①所得α-MnO2纳米线粗细均匀,分散度好,其直径约为50~60 nm;②在水体系中,温度较低和反应时间较短时生成具有层状结构的锰的羟基化合物和-δMnO2,随着反应温度的升高(180~220℃)和水热时间的延长(6~48 h)产物转化为-αMnO2;③将溶剂改为正丙醇,在与②相同的条件下得不到MnO2;④α-MnO2纳米线的生长过程为:MnO4-与Mn2+反应生成MnO(OH),MnO(OH)发生氧化反应生成Mn(OH)4,Mn(OH)4发生脱水反应生成MnO2,产物由无规则球形纳米颗粒最终转化为纳米线。实验中通过控制反应参数达到调控MnO2物相和形貌的目的,为氧化物的可控制备及性能调控提供思路。  相似文献   

4.
温度控制在85-95℃,在HNO3介质中,用KMnO4氧化Mn(NO3)2和Bi(NO3)3的混合溶液,可制成具有良好可充性能的掺铋二氧化锰(Bi-MnO2)。该样品在9M KOH溶液中有稳定的循环伏安曲线且经X射线衍射分析测得其在不同放电深度均无Mn3O4生成,这表明在MnO2中添加铋可阻止不具有电化学活性的Mn3O4生成;用该样品做成的模拟电池做连续充放电实验,电极的循环次数由原来的5~6次提高到60次以上。  相似文献   

5.
以PVDF为碳源,采用溶胶凝胶法制备Li1.2Mn0.54Ni0.13Co0.13O2/C正极复合材料.利用X-射线衍射(XRD)、同步热分析、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)表征合成材料的结构,利用充放电测试、循环伏安及交流阻抗测试系统地研究了碳包覆对材料电化学性能的影响.研究表明,合成的材料具有a-Na Fe O2层状结构且碳均匀包覆在Li1.2Mn0.54Ni0.13Co0.13O2颗粒表面.相比于Li1.2Mn0.54Ni0.13Co0.13O2,Li1.2Mn0.54Ni0.13Co0.13O2/C表现出更好的倍率性能和循环稳定性.电化学性能测试表明,碳表面修饰层增强了活性材料颗粒之间的电导性能,有效缓解电解液中HF对活性材料的腐蚀,降低电荷跃迁电阻(Rct),从而有效提高了材料的电化学性能.  相似文献   

6.
温度控制在85—95℃,在HNO3介质中,用KMnO4氧化Mn(NO3)2和Bi(NO3)3的混合溶液,可制成具有良好可充性能的掺铋二氧化锰(Bi—MnO2)。该样品在9MKOH溶液中有稳定的循环伏安曲线且经X射线衍射分析测得其在不同放电深度均无Mn3O4生成,这表明在MnO2中添加铋可阻止不具有电化学活性的Mn3O4生成;用该样品做成的模拟电池做连续充放电实验,电极的循环次数由原来的5-6次提高到60次以上。  相似文献   

7.
以共沉淀氢氧化物Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3(OH)2和LiOH·H2O为原料,采用流变相反应法(简称RPR法)在950℃煅烧15 h合成了锂离子电池正极材料LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2.用X-射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、电化学工作站、充放电仪等设备测试了材料的结构和电化学性能,XRD表明,合成的材料具有良好的α-NaFeO2层状结构.  相似文献   

8.
以废旧手机锂电池为前驱体回收负极石墨粉,再利用负极石墨粉制备的氧化石墨为原料,在不同温度条件下,采用高温热膨胀法制备了一系列膨胀石墨,并利用热重分析仪(TG)、扫描电镜(SEM)和恒电流充放电等对其进行了结构表征和电化学性能测试.实验测试结果表明:该类膨胀石墨最佳热膨胀制备温度为630℃;在电流密度0.5 A·g~(-1)时,膨胀石墨EG-630比电容量高达242 F·g~(-1);恒电流充放电循环1 000圈后,比电容保持率为101%,表现出良好的电化学性能.  相似文献   

9.
介绍了一个物理化学综合实验的设计,采用简单的水热合成方法在泡沫镍表面原位沉积纳米MnO2形成电极材料,利用傅里叶红外技术、X射线衍射技术、比表面积测试、扫描电子显微镜及场发射扫描电镜对产物进行结构表征与形貌分析,通过循环伏安曲线和恒电流充放电测试评价了材料的电容性能。通过测试表明,MnO2在泡沫镍表面均匀分散,所得复合物在电流密度为5mA/cm2时放电比容量达到944.2F/g,同时表现出优异的循环稳定性。实验设计中制备路线简单可控,表征方法方便易得。该实验有利于加深学生对化学电源电极材料的结构与性能的了解,有益于培养学生的创新意识和提高其综合实验能力。  相似文献   

10.
以共沉淀氢氧化物Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3(OH)2和LiOH·H2O为原料,研究了其恒电流充放电测试显示,在2.8~4.4 V电压区间,流变相反应法合成的材料首次放电比容量高(达到170 mAh/g),循环性能好.充放电循环40次后,放电比容量为145 mAh/g,容量保持率达85.3%.循环伏安实验表明,材料的结构在循环过程中保持稳定.  相似文献   

11.
The communication of people partially is the communication of cultures. Culture has a direct effect on international commercial activities in all aspects. Different conceptions about time, space, equality, law and the like, lead people to deal with things in different ways. So to know cultures of the counterpart is to facil-itate our enterprises so as to have a smooth and successful communication in commercial activity.  相似文献   

12.
风的曲线     
Rosco and I wait for the fishermen to return.I sit at a wooden bench near the store at Mt.Baker Resort and watch the clouds change shape. Rosco has my belt around his neck and an eight foot tow chain hooked to a tree. Dogs must be on a leash. Ducks and rabbits are loose.  相似文献   

13.
Given a graph G,a subgraph C is called a clique of G if C is a complete subgraph of G maximal under inclusion and |C|≥2. A clique-transversal set S of G is a set of vertices of G such that S meets all cliques of G. The clique-transversal number, denoted as TC (G), is the minimum cardinality of a clique-transversal set in G. The clique-graph of G, denoted as K (G), is the graph obtained by taking the cliques of G as vertices, and two vertices are adjacent if and only if the corresponding cliques in G have nonempty intersection. Let F be a class of graphs G such that F={G|K(G) is a tree}. In this paper the graphs in F having independent clique-transversal sets are shown and thus TC (G)/|G|≤1/2 for all G ∈ F.  相似文献   

14.
汉字倒说     
汉字的六书,《说文》对“转注”一类,语焉不详。后世学者提及转注,也仅限于许慎所举出的例字。《汉字例说》一文,作者从转注的角度综合考虑,对部分现代常用字作了分析,跟传统的解释有所不同。希望能抛砖引玉,互相切磋,以推进学术研究。  相似文献   

15.
《海外英语》2007,(5):44-45
It is worthy of noting that, whilst Crookston Castle witnessed the earlier and happier portion of Mary's variegated life,  相似文献   

16.
一、吃和喝吃苹果 eat an apple, 吃药 take medicine,吃糖 have some sweets,吃饭 have one's meals,吃馆子 dine out,吃惊 be surprised/  相似文献   

17.
《海外英语》2007,(5):10-11
Many college freshmen arrive woefully unprepared to do college work, and as disadvantaged populations continue to grow, the share of the American work force that has made it through college is expected to plummet. Many experts blame that educational failure not just on high schools but also on colleges. School & College, a special report by The Chronicle, looks at efforts to fix the system. What reforms would better prepare students for college? What should schools and colleges be doing differently? How should state and federal officials help?  相似文献   

18.
Different nations have different social cultures, and the social culture of every nation is developing with the development of the nation, language is greatly influenced by social culture, which enables language to possess national and historical characteristics. Word is the smallest, independent, meaningful linguistic unit of language. It can well reflect the national and historical characteristics. From synchronic aspect, the social and cultural influence on word meaning is mainly embodied in conceptual and associative meanings of word. The incorrespondence of word meaning is a phenomenon that exists in both conceptual and associative meanings of word among different languages. From diachronic aspect, the development of social culture causes some changes of word meaning to some extent. Therefore, social culture plays a key role in vocabulary learning and mastery of a language.  相似文献   

19.
钱生钱!     
我们绝大部分人都同意一件事情——我们喜欢金钱。但是你对金钱的喜欢之情足够到让你创立一份事业么?.财富通常被人忽视,主要在于人们不能真正了  相似文献   

20.
《海外英语》2007,(4):36
There are numbers of crossroads on our long and unpredictable life journey where we totally have no idea about which direction to choose. No matter what our decision is, we should not turn back, but face the music and go ahead instead. I am this kind of girl who always does try without regretting, one example is how I dealt with my love.  相似文献   

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