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1.
Urinary abnormalities were evaluated in 100 renal stone patients with first episode of renal stone having age 22 to 45 years
from both sex and compared to 100 normal healthy control group having same age group from both sex. Twenty-four hours urinary
oxalate, calcium, uric acid, sodium, magnesium, phosphorus and citrate were estimated. The urinary pH was also determined.
In stone formers urinary oxalate, calcium, sodium and uric acid excretions were significantly higher when compared with control
group. Whereas citrate, phosphate and magnesium excretion were significantly lower in stone formers when compared with control.
The pH of urine in stone formers was lower than the controls. High dietary intake of purine rich diet causes elevated excretion
of uric acid, which leads to calcium oxalate crystal formation and precipitation. Other risk factors such as urinary oxalate,
calcium also related to formation of renal calculi.
Hypocitraturia is the main cause of renal calculi along with hypomagnesiuria and hypophosphaturia in the patient of Marathwada
region. On the basis of urinary abnormalities further stone formation in the patient can be prevented by dietary modifications. 相似文献
2.
R. Kumar R. Kapoor B. Mittal A. Kumar R. D. Mittal 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2003,18(2):209-215
Metabolic abnormalities were investigated in 44 stone patients with first time (group 1) and 56 with 2 times stone formation
(group 2), and in 25 normal individuals. 24hr urine was analysed spectrophotometrically for oxalate, calcium, magnesium, citrate,
uric acid, phosphate and creatinine. Hypocitraturia and hyperoxaluria were the common abnormalities in the stone formers.
Stone patients had significantly higher urinary oxalate, calcium and uric acid and lower phosphate than normal individuals.
Citrate/calcium and magnesium/calcium ratio were significantly high in normal individuals than stone formers. Patients in
group 2 excreted significantly higher urinary calcium and lower citrate that patients in group 1. Citrate/calcium ratio was
higher in group 1 than group 2. Hypocitraturia, hyperoxaluria, hypercalciuria and increased citrate/calcium and magnesium/calcium
ratio seem to be an essential risk factor for stone formation. Patients with recurrent stone formation could be distinguished
from patients with first time stone formation on the basis of urinary calcium and citrate. 相似文献
3.
A. Ahmed A. K. Pendse P. N. Sharma P. P. Singh 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》1991,6(2):113-117
Ten normal subjects (NS) and 28 stone formers (SF) underwent 1 and 2 gm. calcium loading test following three days of calcium restricted diet (400 mg/day). On 4th day first 24-hr. urine sample was collected. An additional 1 and 2 gm. of calcium (Calcium gluconate) was given orally on 5th and 6th day respectively and 24-hr. urine samples were collected on both the days. Before loading, all the NS had normal calcium excretion (<200 mg/day). Calcium loading caused hypercalciuria in 10% and 20% cases respectively. Among SF, 17.9% cases were already hypercalciuric and calcium loading increased it to 42.9% and 46.4% patients respectively. The results indicated that exogenous calcium had only limited capacity to increase urinary calcium and that the magnitude of rise was relatively higher in SF. The increased excretion in SF was primarily due to intestinal hyperabsorption of calcium. 相似文献
4.
Fluoride content was measured in 100 urinary stones retrieved by open surgery of stone formers admitted at PGIMS Rohtak and
their respective urine and serum and compared with those of healthy individuals. The concentration of fluoride was also measured
in the sources of drinking water of these stone formers. The concentration of fluoride was definitely significantly higher
in serum (p>0.01) and highly significantly higher in urine (p>−0.001) of stone formers compared to those of healthy individuals.
The content of oxalate in serum and 24 h urine of the stone formers was also measured, which was increased significantly (p<0.005
and p<0.001) compared to healthy individuals. The concentration of fluoride was probably significantly higher in drinking
water of these stone formers than the normal ones. There was a positive correlation between the content of fluoride of urinary
stones and urine of stone patients (r=.88); stone and serum (r=.62); drinking water and stone (r=.85) and their urine and
serum (r=.54); urine and drinking water (r=.83) and serum and water (r=.51). These results indicate a definite role of fluoride
in urinary stone formation. 相似文献
5.
Effect of pyridoxine (Vitamin-B6) supplementation on calciuria and oxaluria levels of 20 normal healthy persons and 17 urinary stone patients has been studied.
Mean 24 hr urinary calcium and oxalate levels of controls (healthy persons) and stone patients were estimated in presupplementation
period and at every 20 days interval during supplementation. Stone patients were divided into two groups viz., mild hyperoxaluriacs
and moderate hyperoxaluriacs, based on their pre-supplementation (base line) oxaluria levels. 60 days of pyridoxine supplementation,
at the rate of 10 mg/day, resulted in a significant decrease (p<0.01 for mild hyperoxaluriacs and p<0.001 for moderate hyperoxaluriacs)
in mean 24 hr urinary oxalate levels of urinary stone patients. The corresponding decrement in mean oxaluria level of controls
was, however, only mild. The decrease of mean calciuria level of controls as well as stone patients, upon pyridoxine supplementation,
were also found to be only mild and not significant. Utility of pyridoxine therapy in oxalate urolithiasis has been discussed
in the light of results. 相似文献
6.
R. K. Singh A. Bansal S. K. Bansal A. K. Upadhyay V. K. Singh 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》1992,7(1):61-65
Nychthemeral rhythmicity of urinary copper (Cu) was studied in 40 clinically healthy volunteers and 35 renal stone formers.
A marked diurnal rhythm was noticed in urinary Cu levels in healthy subjects with maximum excretion at 0000 to 0600 hr followed
by a progressive fall during the rest of the period reaching minimum between 1200 to 1800 hr in males and 0600 to 1200 hr
in female volunteers. Similarly, all stone patients exhibited a definite rhythm in urinary Cu with significant amplitude and
acrophases at 2145 hr for males and 2141 hr for female stone formers. However, there was no difference in mean 24-hr Cu excretion
in male and female stone formers, whereas a significant change was observed in case of healthy subjects. Urinary Cu was found
to be significantly increased in renal stone formers in comparison to healthy controls of either sex attributing a significant
role of this overlooked trace mineral in the crystallization and/or activation of either of the process of stone formation
in the renal tubules. 相似文献
7.
Johanna Pedroza-Díaz Sarah R?thlisberger 《Biochemia medica : ?asopis Hrvatskoga dru?tva medicinskih biokemi?ara / HDMB》2015,25(1):22-35
The discovery of protein biomarkers that reflect the biological state of the body is of vital importance to disease management. Urine is an ideal source of biomarkers that provides a non-invasive approach to diagnosis, prognosis and prediction of diseases. Consequently, the study of the human urinary proteome has increased dramatically over the last 10 years, with many studies being published. This review focuses on urinary protein biomarkers that have shown potential, in initial studies, for diseases affecting the urogenital tract, specifically chronic kidney disease and prostate cancer, as well as other non-urogenital pathologies such as breast cancer, diabetes, atherosclerosis and osteoarthritis. PubMed was searched for peer-reviewed literature on the subject, published in the last 10 years. The keywords used were “urine, biomarker, protein, and/or prostate cancer/breast cancer/chronic kidney disease/diabetes/atherosclerosis/osteoarthritis”. Original studies on the subject, as well as a small number of reviews, were analysed including the strengths and weaknesses, and we summarized the performance of biomarkers that demonstrated potential. One of the biggest challenges found is that biomarkers are often shared by several pathologies so are not specific to one disease. Therefore, the trend is shifting towards implementing a panel of biomarkers, which may increase specificity. Although there have been many advances in urinary proteomics, these have not resulted in similar advancements in clinical practice due to high costs and the lack of large data sets. In order to translate these potential biomarkers to clinical practice, vigorous validation is needed, with input from industry or large collaborative studies.Key words: urine, protein, biomarker 相似文献
8.
P. P. Singh A. K. Pendse Rajkiran Bhupesh Partani 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》1993,8(1):54-58
Six consecutive day and night urine samples from 25 renal stone patients and 25 comparabe controls were collected and analysed for total mucoproteins, Tamm-Horsfall mucoprotein, & creatinine. In normal subjects the 24 hour, day and night urinary excretion of mucoprotein was 101.4±34.5, 58.2±20.1 and 40.5±19.3 mg respectively. The Tamm-Horsfall mucoprotein excretion was 43.9±18.4, 21.5±8.6 and 20.6±9.9 mg in respective samples. Stone formers excreted significantly higher amount of mucoprotein but not the Tamm-Horsfall mucoprotein. Furthermore, the diurnal variations was visible only for in case of total mucoprotein in both the groups. 相似文献
9.
Yeldose Sonu S. S. Avinash Sreekantha K. Arun Kumar M. Malathi A. R. Shivashankara 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2016,31(3):326-331
Given the paucity of studies conducted to know the effect of suddenness and earlier onset of endocrinological changes associated with hysterectomy, on the serum and urinary levels of calcium, magnesium and phosphate the present study was conducted to compare the levels of calcium, magnesium and phosphate in serum and urine of hysterectomised and natural menopausal south Indian women. This is a cross-sectional observational study. The study included three groups of 30 healthy premenopausal, 30 early surgical menopausal and 30 natural post menopausal women. Women suffering from any endocrine disease were excluded. Analysis was performed in serum and urine sample. The levels of calcium, magnesium and phosphate in serum and calcium/creatinine, magnesium/creatinine and phosphate/creatinine ratio were estimated in urine by spectrophotometric method. Hysterectomised women (serum calcium: 8.7 ± 0.09 mg/dl; urine calcium/creatinine: 0.16 ± 0.02) have significantly low serum calcium (p < 0.001) and high urinary calcium/creatinine (p = 0.002) ratio and post menopausal women (serum magnesium: 2.1 ± 0.03; serum phosphate: 4.4 ± 0.16; urinary calcium/creatinine: 0.17 ± 0.02; urinary magnesium/creatinine: 0.09 ± 0.01) have significantly high serum magnesium (p = 0.016), serum phosphate (p = 0.043) and high urinary calcium/creatinine (p = 0.002), magnesium/creatinine ratio (p = 0.025) compared to healthy pre menopausal women. Post menopausal women (serum calcium: 9.1 ± 0.08) have significantly high serum calcium and phosphate compared to hysterectomised women (serum phosphate: 3.93 ± 0.11). Hysterectomised women have significantly low serum calcium, oestrogen and high urinary calcium/creatinine ratio compared to healthy premenopausal women and low serum calcium and low serum phosphate compared to natural postmenopausal women. Natural postmenopausal women had low serum oestrogen and high serum magnesium, serum phosphate, urinary calcium creatinine ratio and urinary magnesium creatinine ratio compared to healthy premenopausal women. 相似文献
10.
Satyapal S. K. S. Marya C. S. Pundir 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》1993,8(1):63-67
An Oxalate oxidase (Oxalate: O2 oxidoreductase, EC 1,2,3,4) has been purified to apparent homogeneity from leaves of 10-day old seedling plants of grain sorghum hybrid CSH-5. The enzyme exhibited maximum activity at pH 5.0 and 40°C. The rate of H2O2 formation was linear upto 2 min. The enzyme was strongly stimulated by Cu++. The enzyme has greater resistance towards various cations and anions found in urine, compared to moss, barley, banana peel and bleet stem oxalate oxidases. This improved characteristic of the enzyme make it better suited for its use in the determination of urinary oxalate. A simple method of measuring oxalate in urine using this enzyme preparation is described. 相似文献
11.
A. Ahmed A. K. Pendse S. K. Rajpurohit P. P. Singh 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》1992,7(2):171-178
Acid challenge test was carried out on 87 subjects (37 normal and 50 radiologically proven stone formers) to assess their renal acidification capacity. NS were given three doses viz. 75, 100 and 150 mg NH4Cl/Kg body weight while the SF were tested with only 150 mg dose which was found to be an adequate dose. Ammonium chloride was given in gelatin capsules with breakfast and hourly urine samples were collected for next 7 hours. pH, creatinine, calcium, inorganic phosphorus, citrate, titrable acid and ammonium were analysed in all the samples. The incidence of renal tubular acidosis (RTA) in NS, tested with 75 mg and 100 mg/kg doses of ammonium chloride, was 50% and 10% respectively while it was nil and 24% respectively in NS and SF tested with 150mg/kg dose. Complete RTA was detected in one SF. No significant difference was observed in urinary profile of NS and SF except that the hourly titrable acid excretion was lower in later. A comparison between with and without RTA SF revealed that titrable acid and phosphate excretion decreased in RTA defect. Overall data indicate that (a) RTA was an etiologic factor in one fourth of the SF; (b) an oral acid challenge test is a good adjunct to detect this condition and (c) acid challenge increases calcium, phosphate and titrable acid excretion and decreases citrate. 相似文献
12.
Tijl Vermassen Charles Van Praet Filip Poelaert Nicolaas Lumen Karel Decaestecker Piet Hoebeke Simon Van Belle Sylvie Rottey Joris Delanghe 《Biochemia medica : ?asopis Hrvatskoga dru?tva medicinskih biokemi?ara / HDMB》2015,25(3):439-449
Introduction
Although prostatitis is a common male urinary tract infection, clinical diagnosis of prostatitis is difficult. The developmental mechanism of prostatitis is not yet unraveled which led to the elaboration of various biomarkers. As changes in asparagine-linked-(N-)-glycosylation were observed between healthy volunteers (HV), patients with benign prostate hyperplasia and prostate cancer patients, a difference could exist in biochemical parameters and urinary N-glycosylation between HV and prostatitis patients. We therefore investigated if prostatic protein glycosylation could improve the diagnosis of prostatitis.Materials and methods
Differences in serum and urine biochemical markers and in total urine N-glycosylation profile of prostatic proteins were determined between HV (N = 66) and prostatitis patients (N = 36). Additionally, diagnostic accuracy of significant biochemical markers and changes in N-glycosylation was assessed.Results
Urinary white blood cell (WBC) count enabled discrimination of HV from prostatitis patients (P < 0.001). Urinary bacteria count allowed for discriminating prostatitis patients from HV (P < 0.001). Total amount of biantennary structures (urinary 2A/MA marker) was significantly lower in prostatitis patients compared to HV (P < 0.001). Combining the urinary 2A/MA marker and urinary WBC count resulted in an AUC of 0.79, 95% confidence interval (CI) = (0.70–0.89) which was significantly better than urinary WBC count (AUC = 0.70, 95% CI = [0.59–0.82], P = 0.042) as isolated test.Conclusions
We have demonstrated the diagnostic value of urinary N-glycosylation profiling, which shows great potential as biomarker for prostatitis. Further research is required to unravel the developmental course of prostatic inflammation.Key words: diagnostic marker, prostatitis, urinary asparagine-linked glycosylation 相似文献13.
Uric acid in urine was analyzed using porcine liver uricase and horseradish peroxidase immobilized on alkylamine and arylamine
glass beads (pore diameter 55nm) respectively. The minimum detection limit was 5.0mg/0.1 ml urine. The recovery of added uric
acid was 92%. Within and between assay CVS were <1.3% and <5.3% respectively. A good correlation (r=0.93) was found between
urinary urate values obtained by a commercial kit method and the present method. The uric acid in 24hr urine of apparently
healthy adults and person sufering from various diseases was found to be 450 to 900mg/24hr, 659mg/24hr (range, mean) and 910–1400mg/24hr,
1145 mg/24hr (range, mean) respectively with the present method. 相似文献
14.
Pallab Basu Sabyasachi Som Nabendu Choudhuri Harendranath Das 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2008,23(4):361-364
A randomized case control hospital based study was conducted over 12 months time on 31 asphyxiated and 31 normal newborn to
see whether urinary uric acid can be used as a marker of perinatal asphyxia and can be correlated with the clinical diagnosis
by Apgar score. Uric acid and creatinine were estimated in spot urine within 24 hours after birth in both cases and controls.
A ratio between concentrations of uric acid to creatinine was estimated and compared between cases and controls. It was found
that the ratios were significantly higher in cases than controls (3.1± 1.3 vs 0.96± 0.54; P < 0.001) and among asphyxia patients,
a significant negative linear correlation was found between the uric acid to creatinine ratio and the Apgar score (r = −0.857,
P < 0.001). So urinary uric acid to creatinine ratio can be used as an additional non-invasive dispace, easy and at the same
time early biochemical marker of birth asphyxia which biochemically supports the clinical diagnosis and severity grading of
asphyxia by Apgar score. 相似文献
15.
Shehnaz B. Patel S. S. Betrabet Z. K. Shikary V. S. Toddywalla 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》1990,5(2):145-149
Daily urinary follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) and testosterone (T) levels were estimated in a group of 10 normal one month old male infants. Four-hourly urine samples were collected from each infant over a three months period i.e., from one month to four months of infants age. The hormonal levels were expressed as mIU of FSH, LH and ng of T per mg creatinine. The normal hormonal pattern thus obtained could be used to compare patterns obtained from pathological cases or when monitoring the effects of drugs on infants. 相似文献
16.
Chavan VU Durgawale PP Sayyed AK Sontakke AV Attar NR Patel SB Patil SR Nilakhe SD 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2011,26(3):283-289
Twenty-four hour urinary albumin excretion (UAE) is considered as gold standard method for albuminuria measurement, but collection
of 24-h urine is inconvenient. The aim of present study was to evaluate whether albumin: creatinine ratio (ACR) and urinary
albumin concentration (UAC) in different spot urine samples correlate or not with 24-h UAE for screening of microalbuminuria
in type 2 diabetic patients. We collected first morning void (FMV), random urine sample (RUS) and 24-h urine, separately on
consecutive days from 104 type 2 diabetic patients. ACR and UAC in each spot urine sample compared with 24-h UAE with regard
to Pearson correlation coefficient. Pearson’s correlation of albumin: creatinine ratio (ACR) with 24-h UAE was (r = 0.802 and 0.623) in first morning void (FMV) and random urine sample (RUS), respectively. Pearson’s correlation coefficient
of urinary albumin concentration (UAC) compared with 24-h UAE was (r = 0.943 and 0.920), in FMV and RUS, respectively, P < 0.01. Results revealed that values in first morning void (FMV) were better correlated with 24-h urinary albumin excretion
(UAE), than the values in random urine sample (RUS). We conclude that the first morning void (FMV) may be able to replace
24-h urine collection, preferably urinary albumin concentration (UAC) in the initial screening of microalbuminuria in diabetic
patients. 相似文献
17.
J. Baxi Kavita Sharma Rajbala Asha Mehta A. K. Pendse P. P. Singh 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》1994,9(1):47-49
Evaluation of serum SOD and MDA level was done in 21 first episode renal stone formers, 9 recurrent stone formers, 20 patients with obstructive uropathy other than urolithiasis and 12 patients with urinary infection. Twenty-two healthy volunteers were taken as controls. The level of SOD in respective groups was 2.12±0.84, 2.78±0.85, 1.42±0.31, 1.98±0.70 and 2.32±0.62 units/ml and of MDA was 2.61±1.07, 2.69±1.15, 1.65±0.33, 1.33±0.34 and 1.55±0.48 n mol/ml respectively. The results indicate increased peroxidative stressin nephrolithiasis only. Since SOD level was normal in all groups, this increased peroxidative stress in nephrolithiasis should be due to factors other than this one. 相似文献
18.
P. P. Singh F. Hussain Reeta Ghosh A. Ahmed R. C. Gupta 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》1992,7(1):23-26
The effect of sodium oxalate and methionine supplementation on stone-related constituents of urine was studied in 18 adult
male guinea pigs. Their serum and tissue chemistry and histological changes in urinary tract and liver were also studied.
The calciuretic effect of methionine was blocked by oxalate. The decrease in uric acid and citric acid, caused by oxalate,
was offset by methionine. Oxalate-induced crystalluria and calcium and oxalate deposition in kidney tissue were lessened by
methionine.
Administration of Varuna, an indigenuous drug, to oxalate and methionine-supplemented animals prevented either totally or
partially most of the urolithogenic effects of oxalate and methionine. 相似文献
19.
Hanaa B. Atya Sahar A. Ali Mohamed I. Hegazy Fathia Z. El Sharkawi 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2018,33(2):163-170
Urine is a proven source of metabolite biomarkers and has the potential to be a rapid, noninvasive, inexpensive, and efficient diagnostic tool for various human diseases. Despite these advantages, urine is an under-investigated source of biomarkers for multiple sclerosis (MS). The objective was to investigate the level of some urinary metabolites (urea, uric acid and hippuric acid) in patients with MS and correlate their levels to the severity of the disease, MS subtypes and MS treatment. The urine samples were collected from 73 MS patients-48 with RRMS and 25 with SPMS- and age matched 75 healthy controls. The values of urinary urea, uric acid and hippuric acid in MS patients were significantly decreased, and these metabolites in SPMS pattern showed significantly decrease than RRMS pattern. Also showed significant inverse correlation with expanded disability status scale and number of relapses. Accordingly, they may act as a potential urinary biomarkers for MS, and correlate to disease progression. 相似文献
20.
Vivek Ambade Parduman Sing B L Somani Dashrath Basanna 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2006,21(2):142-148
Albumin and enzymes-N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase (NAG) and gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) were estimated in the morning
random urine samples of 196 albustix negative diabetic patients to evaluate the clinical utility of these urinary enzymes
as early markers of diabetic nephropathy. Albumin was estimated by immunoturbidimetric method and enzymes by linetic essay
within six hours of voiding of urine. The urinary albumin and urinary enzyme concentration was calculated in terms of ratio
with respect to urinary creatinine. Correlation coefficient (r) bewween urinary albumin and urinary enzymes in normoalbuminuric,
microalbuminuric and overall diabetic cases was 0.23, 0.32 and 0.40 respectively for NAG, and 0.08, 0.06 and 0.18 respectively
for GGT. NAG excretion was found increased in 34%, 63.7% and 49.5% of normoalbuminuric, microalbuminuric and overall diabetic
cases respectively while GGT in 6.4%, 24.5% and 15.8%. The correlation coefficient between urinary albumin and NAG in normoalbuminuric,
microalbuminuric, and overall diabetic patients with increased NAG excretion was found only 0.31, 0.27 and 0.35 respectively.
No correlation was found between duration of diabetes and enzyme excretion. The study suggests that urinary NAG or GGT or
both together do not have any clinical significance as an early marker of diabetic nephropathy. 相似文献